In fact, the so-called non-localized translation is not completely untranslatable. Although some special language phenomena exist, they cannot be transplanted into the target language. At least in the language, their function is communication. The translation of cultural factors cannot be carried out in a compensatory way.

literal translation

Literal translation is a translation method that maintains the aesthetic feeling of the original text while maintaining the style and form of the original text. For example, dollar policy can be translated into dollar diplomacy, paper tiger can be translated into paper tiger, and from head to toe can be translated into head to toe. Once again, "she is beautiful and beautiful, and her beauty makes the fish sink, the goose falls, the moon hides, and the flowers are ashamed." As sentences are the core areas of English and Chinese culture, literal translation of English will not only lead to cultural barriers, but also preserve the image and vitality of the original information.

transliterate

When a language or cultural term has the concept of another language without corresponding components, there will be a semantic gap or cultural vacuum. In this case, there are most languages between the source text and the translated text, especially between English and Chinese, and it is difficult for translators to form or express them directly from the semantic point of view. At this point, sound or semi-transliteration is a better and more convenient way. For example, radar-radar, morphine-morphine, humor-humor, copy-copy, kung fu-kung fu.

translate freely

The so-called free translation is a translation method that not only maintains the original content but also maintains the original style and form. For example, "white e Levant" can be translated as "useless and superfluous thing", "skeleton in the cupboard" can be translated as "don't wash your dirty linen in public", "philandering" can be translated as "asking for trouble" For another example, "Take a lantern to take care of my nephew and uncle (old)" can be translated into "do things the old way", which is very clear. If this sentence is literally translated into "nephew who carries lanterns-do things for his uncle the old way", it will be confusing.

borrow

Borrowing refers to the method of borrowing another term to directly translate words from the source language into that language. In our daily communication, many words are borrowed from English, such as "hi", "hello", "good", "slide show", "bye bye" and "CEO".

substitute

Alternative is translation, and alternative includes creative and elaborate translation vocabulary. Innovation means that words use phonetics and semantics to create new terms, such as "champagne", "beer" and "dovetail". Many special words in China culture are often realized by cultural substitution. He also said, "This is called" unexpected events happen in the sky ".She is a strong person, but she will suffer from typhoid fever when she is ruined at an age (Lu Xun's" Blessing ")." This is really a bolt from the blue. Her husband is so strong that no one would have thought that such a young man would die of typhoid fever. "

6 text symbols

This method can retain the cultural characteristics of the original text and is easy to understand. For example, "Kong is the only one who drinks standing and wears a gown ... Although he wears a gown, it is dirty and torn, and it seems that he doesn't mend it or wash it ..." Kong is the only old customer who drinks his own wine. Although he is a gown, it is dirty and torn, and it looks as if it has not been washed or mended for more than ten years. (Translated by Yang Li Xiaolan) "Long gown" is the costume of the wealthy upper class in feudal times and the cultural symbol of the class literati. For English readers, "gown" and "jacket" are just different clothes, not symbols of identity and knowledge, so it is difficult to associate "gown" with nerdy Gong. John Day reveals the cultural meaning implied in the word "gown" to a certain extent by the method of literal translation (gown) and footnotes (gown is usually worn by gentry), so that readers can have a deep insight into the original theme of the target language like readers in China.