Chinese name: Hua
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Taihu Lake, Jiangsu Province
Date of birth:1910112.
Date of death:1June 1985 12.
Masterpiece: On Prime Numbers of Pile Foundation
People's scientists and outstanding mathematicians
Hua
Master of Mathematics, Han nationality, from Jintan County, northwest of Taihu Lake, Jiangsu Province. He has made unparalleled contributions to the development of mathematics in China, especially his achievements in analytic number theory. The internationally famous "China Analytic Number Theory School" is a school initiated by China, which has made many significant contributions to the distribution of prime numbers and Goldbach conjecture. His outstanding contribution to the theory of multiple complex variables has influenced the development of mathematics in the world. He is a genius from the story of hard work. It is because of his diligence that he is called a genius. The two are inseparable.
Major achievements
Fahrenheit theorem
In the 1940s, the historical problem of Gaussian complete triangular sum estimation was solved, and the best error order estimation was obtained. The results of G.H. Hardy and J.E. Littlewood on the Welling problem and E. Wright on the Tully problem have been greatly improved and are still the best records. The research results are called "Fahrenheit theorem" by the international mathematics community.
"Master Planning Method" and "Optimal Selection Method"
Advocating the development of applied mathematics and computer, he has published many books such as Master Planning Method and Optimization Research, and personally promoted them in China. In cooperation with Professor Wang Yuan, he has made important achievements in the application research of modern number theory methods, which is called "Hua Wang Fa". He made great contributions to the development of mathematics education and the popularization of science. He has published more than 200 research papers, including monographs and popular science works. In other aspects, in algebra, the basic theorem of one-dimensional projective geometry left over from history for a long time has been proved; This paper gives a simple and direct proof that the normal child of an object must be contained in its center, which is Hua theorem. His monograph "On Prime Numbers of Pile Foundations" systematically summarizes, develops and perfects Hardy and Littlewood's circle method, vinogradov's triangle sum estimation method and his own method. After more than 40 years of publication, its main achievements still occupy the leading position in the world, and it has been translated into Russian, Hungarian, Japanese, German and English, becoming one of the classic works of number theory in the 20th century. His monograph "Harmonic Analysis of Typical Fields of Multiple Complex Variables" gives the complete orthogonal system of typical fields with accurate analysis and matrix skills and combined with group representation theory, thus giving the expressions of Cauchy and Poisson kernel, and won the first prize of China Natural Science Award. He is the founder and pioneer of China's research on analytic number theory, matrix geometry, canonical group and automorphism function theory. Throughout his life, Hua left us ten monographs: The Theory of Prime Numbers on Stacked Basis, The Evaluation of Exponential Sum and Its Application in Number Theory, Harmonic Analysis of Typical Fields in the Theory of Multiple Complex Variables, Introduction to Number Theory, Typical Groups (co-authored with Wan Zhexian), Starting with the Unit Circle, Application of Number Theory in Approximate Analysis (co-authored with Wan Zhexian) and. Optimization Theory and Mathematical Theory for Optimizing the Scope of Planned Economy, eight of which have been translated and published abroad, have been included in the 20th century mathematical classics. In addition, there are more than 50 academic papers/kloc-0, and the popular science work "Evaluation of Chinese Statues by Optimization Method".
Text and its supplement, notes and supplements of the overall planning method, etc. , was compiled as "Selected Works of Chinese Popular Science". In algebra, the basic theorem of one-dimensional projective geometry left over from history for a long time is proved. This paper gives a simple and direct proof that the normal child of an object must be contained in its center, which is Hua theorem. His monograph On Prime Numbers of Heaps systematically summarizes, develops and perfects Hardy and Littlewood's circle method, vinogradov's triangle sum estimation method and his own method. Since its publication more than 40 years ago, its main achievements are still in the leading position in the world, and it has been translated into Russian, Hungarian, Japanese, German and English, becoming one of the classic works of number theory in the 20th century.
Peer review
Raul Xiong Fei, a famous mathematician, said, "He is one of the top mathematicians in the world, because he has a wide range of research. Perhaps there are more people directly influenced by him than any mathematician in history ",Hua (figure 1).
"The existence of China is comparable to the outstanding value of any great mathematician." Ha Zeng: "Hua was one of the leading mathematicians of his time." American number theorist Lemmer said: "China has an incredible ability to seize the best work of others and accurately point out the ways in which these results can be improved." He has his own skills. He read widely and mastered all the commanding heights of number theory in the 20th century. His main interest is to improve the whole field. He tried to promote every result he encountered. " Mr. Wang Yuan said that from the field of mathematics, it can be roughly divided into two parts: one is analysis and the other is algebra. Most mathematicians generally only make contributions in one field, such as myself, that is, in analysis; But China has made great contributions in two aspects. On the other hand, mathematics is divided into pure mathematics and applied mathematics, and Hua has made great contributions to both. "I am not as lucky as my elders and can become a disciple of Hua Lao." In the view of Yang Le, an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences and a famous mathematician, it is a lifelong regret that I didn't become an official apprentice of Hua Lao. "But on the road of mathematical research, Hua Lao really influenced me deeply." Bateman, a famous American mathematical historian, wrote: "Hua is China's Einstein, enough to be an academician of all the famous academies in the world." . It is listed as one of the 88 great mathematicians in the world in the Chicago Museum of Science and Technology. Known as "people's scientists"
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As the saying goes: "It is difficult to produce bright, fragrant, cold-resistant and proud snowflakes in the greenhouse. Only after suffering and tempering can people hope to succeed." 1924 Jintan middle school graduated from junior high school, but due to poor family circumstances, he had to drop out of school after finishing junior high school and became a shop assistant. /kloc-suffering from typhoid fever at the age of 0/8, resulting in disability of the left leg. 1930, taught in Tsinghua University. 1936 Visiting study at Cambridge University, UK. China (Figure 2)
1938 became a professor in The National SouthWest Associated University after returning to China. From 65438 to 0946, he went to the United States and served as a researcher at Princeton Institute of Mathematics, a professor at Princeton University and the University of Illinois, and returned to China from 65438 to 0950. Professor Tsinghua University, director and honorary director of Institute of Mathematics and Institute of Applied Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences, chairman and honorary director of Chinese Mathematical Society, director of National Mathematical Competition Committee, foreign academician of American National Academy of Sciences, academician of Third World Academy of Sciences, and academician of Bavarian Academy of Sciences of the Federal Republic of Germany. 1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. Deputy Director and Vice President of the Department of Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences, member of the Presidium, Director and Vice President of the Department of Mathematics of China University of Science and Technology, Vice Chairman of China Association for Science and Technology, member of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, etc. He was a member of the first to sixth the NPC Standing Committee and vice-chairman of the sixth China People's Political Consultative Conference. He was awarded honorary doctorates by Nancy University in France, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and the University of Illinois in the United States. Mainly engaged in the research and teaching of analytic number theory, matrix geometry, typical groups, automorphic function theory, multiple complex variable function theory, partial differential equations, high-dimensional numerical integration and other fields, and has made outstanding achievements. In the 1940s, the historical problem of Gaussian complete trigonometric sum estimation was solved, and the best error order estimation was obtained (this result is widely used in number theory). The results of G·H· Hardy and J·E· Littlewood on the Welling problem and E Wright on the Tully problem have been greatly improved, and they are still the best records. Since 1960s, he has applied mathematical methods to practice, screened out optimization methods and overall planning methods aiming at improving work efficiency, and achieved remarkable economic benefits. 1954, 1958, 1974 were all invited to speak at the international mathematics conference (which is a high honor), but unfortunately they were not approved. 1985 June 12 During his visit to Japan, he had a heart attack and suddenly fell to the ground in the university forum in Tokyo, Japan, ending his life of contributing to the cause of mathematics in his motherland. Comrade Hua is a contemporary self-taught master of science and a world-famous master of mathematics. He is the founder and pioneer of China's research on analytic number theory, canonical group, matrix geometry, automorphic function theory and multiple complex variable function theory. It laid the foundation for matrix geometry in the future.
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"God of Mathematics in China", "Father of Modern Mathematics in China" and "People's Mathematicians". Hua and Qian Sanqiang are two meritorious scientists in China's computer field, both of whom have made great contributions. China (Figure 3)
Master of number theory, pioneer of multiple complex variable function theory and matrix geometry. Hua is a famous mathematician in the world. In the Smithsonian Museum, Chicago Museum of Science and Technology and other famous museums, his name is tied with a few classic mathematicians. Elected as a foreign academician of the American Academy of Sciences, a member of the Third World Academy of Sciences and a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences of the Federal Republic of Germany. He was awarded an honorary doctorate by Nancy University in France, the Chinese University of Hong Kong and the University of Illinois in the United States. 1954, 1958, 1974 were all invited to give lectures at the international mathematics conference (this is a great honor), but unfortunately they were not approved. Establish China School of Mathematics and lead it to the world-class level. Wang Yuan, Chen Jingrun, Wan Zhexian and many other outstanding young people have been trained, and many of them have become world-class masters. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China 60 years ago, he has been "one of 100 people who moved China".
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1953, the Academy of Sciences organized a delegation to go abroad, headed by the famous scientist Qian Sanqiang. Members include Hua, Zhao Jiuzhang and Zhu Xian. In his spare time, Hua Lao wrote a couplet: "The top three are Han, Zhao and Wei", asking for a couplet. This is a difficult category in "comparative example". As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, some people tried to get the correct answer through the couplets of "Three Lights, the Sun, the Moon and the Stars". At that time, Su Dongpo, a great writer, solved this problem with "four poems". In the Qing Dynasty, someone presented a pair of couplets by the famous painter Zheng Banqiao. When I opened it, I saw the first couplet, which read "Three Unique Poems, Calligraphy and Painting" to describe Zheng Banqiao's contribution. It's no longer appropriate, but the second couplet is really difficult. Later, Zheng Banqiao's friend solved this problem with the bottom line of "one official returns one official". The "one official" here has the triple character of "going back", which not only solves the difficulty of combining numbers, but also quotes the allusions in Tao Yuanming's "Returning to Hometown" and praises the outstanding character of Zheng's combination of poetry and calligraphy. Banqiao's friends have been one step ahead of Su Dongpo.