Also called "content summary", "content summary" and "content introduction". Briefly introduce the contents of the book and the description of the readers. Also known as content description, content introduction and content introduction, it is to introduce the content, characteristics and readers of this book to readers for their understanding and choice.

Abstract is an attachment of a book, usually printed on the top of the cover of the book, the back of the copyright page and the title page. Those without a title page are placed on the back cover, those with a protective seal are placed on the floating mouth, and those with a seal are placed on the seal. Chinese and foreign classic literature, classic academic works, teaching materials, pictures, reference books, children with little space.

Reading materials, primary popular reading materials, with preface, postscript and table of contents can be omitted at a glance.

The executive summary is written by the responsible editor and requires:

First, grasp the essence of this book and summarize it accurately.

Second, adhere to the attitude of seeking truth from facts and avoid boasting.

Third, the text is concise and clear, and the number of words is generally around 300 words.

The abstract of political theory reading materials should reflect political content, central ideas and main viewpoints, which can be critical.

Abstracts of academic works should reflect academic content, innovation, research and practical value, and have identification.

Literary and artistic works, especially novels, should reflect the typical significance of story plot, characterization and social life, which can be suspenseful.

It also has the functions of book subscription, publicity and promotion. The editor-in-chief compiles the book catalogue, the propaganda department advertises new books, and the distribution department subscribes books to bookstores and readers, all of which are based on the content summary.

References:

baike.baidu/view/980 105

What does the content summary mean?

Content abstract is also called "content gist", "content summary" and "content introduction". Summarize the general idea of this book.

What's the difference between the main content and the summary of the novel?

The main content basically refers to the focus of the article and can also be understood as the center.

The content summary is more detailed, that is, what is said in an article, whether it is central or not.

What did the abstract say?

Also known as abstract and content summary. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value.

The meaning of content summary

The content summary is a paragraph that can express the central idea extracted from the full text. Just write one or two feelings or comments. Just like a teacher writing comments.

What is written in the abstract of the paper?

Abstract, also known as abstract, is an important part of the paper. It aims to provide a summary of the contents of the document and describe the important contents of the document concisely and accurately, without comments or supplementary explanations. It should be self-evident, and it has the same main information as the literature, that is, you can get important information without reading the full text. The abstract is usually placed after the title and at the beginning of the article. After a paper is published, its abstracts are often collected by the literature retrieval system.

It consists of four parts: purpose, method, result and conclusion. The purpose part should briefly explain the purpose of the study, explain the reasons for asking questions, and explain the scope and importance of the study; The method part should explain the basic design of the research topic, what materials and methods are used, how to compare them in groups, the scope and accuracy of the research, how to obtain data and what statistical methods are used; The results part should list the main results and data of the research, what new findings are there, explain their value and limitations, be specific and accurate, and give the credible value of the results and the exact value of statistical significance test; The conclusion part should briefly explain and demonstrate the correct viewpoint and its theoretical value or application value, and whether it is worth recommending or popularizing.

To put it bluntly, the abstract is the skeleton of your article.

Tell you a lazy way: the first sentence is the purpose of writing, that is, the problem you solved in this article and the reason why you raised this problem, and then it is "This article expounds ... about 200 words, not too long.

What does the summary of learning content mean?

Just briefly summarize the key parts of your study.

What does the abstract in the paper mean?

It is a comprehensive analysis of the content of your thesis. It is necessary to highlight key contents and ideas. The development of the paper must focus on the theme and the central idea of the abstract. If there is too much deviation between the content and the abstract of the paper, Foucault will not be accepted. If it is a graduation thesis, it will be rewritten by the tutor without waiting for the defense.

What should be written in the abstract of a general paper?

First, the definition of abstract should generally explain the purpose, experimental methods, results and final conclusions of the research work. The focus is on the results and conclusions. Generally speaking, Chinese abstracts do not exceed 300 words, and foreign abstracts do not exceed 250 substantive words. Figures, tables, chemical structures, symbols and terms that are not widely known and commonly used are not used in the abstract unless absolutely necessary. You can start a new page before the title page (this page has no text), and the abstract of an academic paper is generally placed after the title and author and before the text of the paper. Abstracts of papers are also called abstracts and executive summaries. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value. It should be self-evident and have the same amount of information as the literature, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text. Needless to say, it needs to be scrutinized word by word. The content must be complete, specific and obvious. Although the English abstract is based on the Chinese abstract, it should consider the needs of readers who can't read Chinese, and the substantive content can't be omitted. Second, according to the different contents, abstracts can be divided into the following three categories: reportage abstracts, indicative abstracts and reportage-indicative abstracts (1). Reportage abstract, also known as information abstract or information abstract, is characterized by a comprehensive and brief summary of the purpose, methods, main data and conclusions of the paper. Usually, this abstract can partially replace reading the full text. (2) Indicative abstract: It is also often called explanatory abstract, descriptive abstract or argument abstract. Generally, only two or three sentences are used to summarize the theme of the paper, and arguments and conclusions are not involved. This abstract can be used to help potential readers decide whether they need to read the full text. (3) Reporting-indicative abstract: the part with high information value in the literature is expressed in the form of reporting abstract, and the rest is expressed in the form of indicative abstract. (3) Writing methods of abstracts At present, most papers published in Chinese journals use reportable abstracts. That includes the purpose, methods, results and conclusions of the paper. However, the abstract of graduation thesis is mostly an indicative abstract, which summarizes the theme and main content of the article. In the process of writing an indicative abstract, the author should first briefly introduce the writing background of the paper, then briefly introduce the main content of the article, mainly the outline of the article, and finally introduce the research significance of the article. Four. Matters needing attention in writing abstract (1) The abstract should exclude the contents that have become common sense in this subject field; Never write what should appear in the introduction into the abstract; Generally don't interpret and comment on the content of the paper (especially self-evaluation). (2) Don't simply repeat the existing information in the topic. For example, if the title of an article is "Study on Rhizome Formation of Several Orchid Seeds Cultured in Vitro in China", then don't write at the beginning of the abstract: "Use the third person for …". It is suggested that the description methods such as "research …", "report …" and "investigation …" should be used to indicate the nature and theme of the literature at one time, instead of "this article" and "author" as subjects. (5) Standardized terms should be used instead of symbols and terms that are not widely known and commonly used. If there are new terms or no suitable Chinese terms, you can indicate the original text in brackets or after translation. (6) In addition to being really inflexible, mathematical formulas and chemical structural formulas are generally not used, and illustrations and tables do not appear. (7) Unless the literature confirms or denies the published works of others, there is no need to cite them. (8) Abbreviations, abbreviations and codes must be explained when they first appear, except those that can be clearly understood by adjacent professional readers. Other matters that should be paid attention to when writing scientific papers, such as adopting legal units of measurement, using language and punctuation correctly, are also applicable to the preparation of abstracts. At present, the main problems in writing are: incomplete elements, or lack of purpose, or lack of methods; Citation is not independent and self-evident; Improper simplification.

How to write an abstract of a paper

First, the abstract definition

Generally, the purpose, experimental methods, results and final conclusions of the research work should be explained, with emphasis on the results and conclusions. Generally speaking, Chinese abstracts do not exceed 300 words, and foreign abstracts do not exceed 250 substantive words. Figures, tables, chemical structures, symbols and terms that are not widely known and commonly used are not used in the abstract unless absolutely necessary. You can start a new page before the title page (this page has no text), and the abstract of an academic paper is generally placed after the title and author and before the text of the paper.

Abstracts of papers are also called abstracts and executive summaries. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value. It should be self-evident and have the same amount of information as the literature, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text. Needless to say, it needs to be scrutinized word by word. The content must be complete, specific and obvious. Although the English abstract is based on the Chinese abstract, it should consider the needs of readers who can't read Chinese, and the substantive content can't be omitted.

Secondly, the classification of abstracts.

According to different contents, abstracts can be divided into the following three categories: reportorial abstracts, indicative abstracts and reportorial-indicative abstracts.

(1) report summary: Also known as informative summary or informative summary, it is characterized by a comprehensive and concise summary of the purpose, methods, main data and conclusions of the paper. Usually, this abstract can partially replace reading the full text.

(2) Indicative abstract: also often called explanatory abstract, descriptive abstract or argumentative abstract. Generally, only two or three sentences are used to summarize the theme of the paper, and arguments and conclusions are not involved. Mostly used for summary, meeting report, etc. This abstract can be used to help potential readers decide whether they need to read the full text.

(3) Report-indicative summary: the part of the document with high information value is expressed in the form of report summary, and the rest is expressed in the form of indicative summary.

Third, the writing of abstract.

At present, most papers published in China journals use reportable abstracts. That includes the purpose, methods, results and conclusions of the paper. However, the abstract of graduation thesis is mostly an indicative abstract, which summarizes the theme and main content of the article. In the process of writing an indicative abstract, the author should first briefly introduce the writing background of the paper, then briefly introduce the main content of the article, mainly the outline of the article, and finally introduce the research significance of the article.

Four. Matters needing attention in writing abstract of paper

(1) What has become common knowledge in this field should be excluded from the abstract; Never write what should appear in the introduction into the abstract; Generally don't interpret and comment on the content of the paper (especially self-evaluation).

(2) Don't simply repeat the existing information in the topic. For example, if the title of an article is "Study on Rhizome Formation in Vitro Culture of Several Orchids from China", then don't write at the beginning of the abstract: "For.

(3) Rigorous structure, concise expression and exact semantics. What to write first, then what to write, should be arranged in logical order. Sentences should be coherent and echo each other. Use long sentences with caution and keep them as simple as possible. Every sentence should be clear, and there should be no vague, general or vague words, but the abstract is a complete essay after all, and telegraph writing is not enough. The abstract is not segmented.

(4) Use the third person. It is suggested that the description methods such as "research …", "report …" and "investigation …" should be used to indicate the nature and theme of the literature at one time, instead of "this article" and "author" as subjects.

(5) Standardized terms should be used instead of symbols and terms that are not widely known and commonly used. If there are new terms or no suitable Chinese terms, you can indicate the original text in brackets or after translation.

(6) In addition to being really inflexible, mathematical formulas and chemical structural formulas are generally not used, and illustrations and tables do not appear.

(7) Unless the literature confirms or denies the published works of others, there is no need to cite them.

(8) Abbreviations, abbreviations and codes can be clearly understood by readers of adjacent majors. ......