First, the impact of electronic commerce on international trade
1. Promote the change of international trade mode
The international trade mode under e-commerce is different from the traditional international trade mode, which is mainly manifested in the following three aspects: (1) the application of e-commerce and the new mode of international trade operation. E-commerce is a new international trade operation mode based on information network. In international e-commerce, the parties to the transaction reach and conduct international trade transactions electronically, rather than through direct face-to-face or face-to-face communication; (2) The application of e-commerce and new international trade. Under the influence of e-commerce, the new international trade mode is divided into complete international e-commerce and incomplete international e-commerce. The difference lies in whether international trade activities such as supply and settlement can be realized and completed through e-commerce. Complete international e-commerce can fully tap the potential of the global e-commerce market; Incomplete e-commerce depends on some external factors, and some material and non-digital goods cannot be supplied through the internet, so its transaction process also depends on other activities and methods besides e-commerce; (3) The application of e-commerce and the change of international trade process. The development and application of e-commerce will further promote the transformation of international trade process, realize the transformation of traditional international trade process and transaction mode with paper trade documents (documents) as the main body, and form a new international trade process mode.
2. E-commerce promotes the transformation of international trade marketing model.
E-commerce has caused great changes in marketing, promoted international trade marketing, and produced a new marketing form-network marketing. The main features of electronic marketing in international trade are: (1) Internet interactive marketing. The characteristics of network interaction make it possible for customers to really participate in the process of international trade marketing, improve their position in the whole international trade marketing, and strengthen their initiative in participation and choice; (2) Network integrated marketing. In e-commerce, the relationship between enterprises and customers has become very close, even unbreakable, forming a one-to-one marketing relationship. This marketing framework is called network integrated marketing, which always embodies the characteristics of customer-oriented and continuous interaction between enterprises and customers, and its decision-making process is a two-way chain; (3) Internet customized marketing. With the increase of mutual understanding between enterprises and customers, sales information will become more customized. The development trend of electronic marketing is to turn the sales of a large number of products into customized sales. Some large multinational companies provide this service by establishing internal networks.
3. E-commerce reduces the operating costs of enterprises.
First of all, e-commerce reduces the procurement cost of enterprises. The purchasing cost of materials is closely related to the product cost of enterprises. Internet can reduce the problem of human factors and unsmooth information, and minimize the purchase cost. The computer network can be used to integrate the procurement information, and the procurement requirements of various departments will be collected at the headquarters, which will place orders with suppliers in batches through the network, thus reducing the procurement cost. Secondly, e-commerce enables international trade enterprises to get rid of the shackles of traditional commercial intermediaries and reduce production and sales costs. Under the traditional trading mode, commercial intermediaries separate import and export enterprises in international trade in time and space, and act as intermediaries between export enterprises and import enterprises to reduce sales costs.
Second, countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of international e-commerce in China
1. The government should strengthen the publicity and education of e-commerce and raise awareness of e-commerce.
International e-commerce is still in its infancy in China, and the lack of understanding of its importance is not conducive to its development. The whole society should intensify propaganda, raise the awareness of governments at all levels and foreign trade enterprises on e-commerce, and especially let foreign trade enterprises be familiar with and understand international e-commerce and be willing to adopt international e-commerce methods. In the publicity, we should not only describe the prospect of e-commerce, but also combine the publicity of e-commerce technology to let people know that the Internet, like a TV set, is complicated to design and manufacture, but simple to use. The propaganda media should disclose successful cases of practical application, stimulate people's enthusiasm for participating in e-commerce, increase publicity and guide enterprises to conduct online transactions. At the same time, popularize network security knowledge and publicize network security laws and regulations, so that people's security awareness can keep up with the rapid development of computer networks. We can organize relevant experts to conduct in-depth research, actively explore related issues in the development of e-commerce and solve people's doubts about e-commerce.
2. Accelerate the construction of e-commerce infrastructure
A good e-commerce infrastructure is the foundation of a country's successful development of e-commerce, and it must be able to support the constantly developing and increasingly complex transaction process. In order to promote the rapid development of e-commerce, it is necessary to increase the investment in network infrastructure construction and make it more perfect. (1) Accelerate the construction of China's network infrastructure. The corresponding measures include: speeding up the construction of China's backbone network, speeding up the construction of China's urban broadband network, intelligent business network and multimedia communication network, and speeding up the process of "three networks in one" of China's computer network, TV network and telephone network. (2) Accelerate the process of enterprise informatization construction in China. Enterprises are the main participants in e-commerce, and the development of e-commerce must be based on a certain level of informatization. To accelerate the development of e-commerce in China, we must strengthen the informatization construction of enterprises in China. (3) Choose a practical e-commerce implementation mode. E-commerce mode is a way for enterprises to provide value and profit for the target market at a certain position in the value chain system. To develop e-commerce, we must choose an e-commerce development model that can meet the needs of market economy according to the six elements of enterprise, such as market environment, customer relationship, product innovation, financial elements, enterprise resources and business processes, which is of great theoretical and practical significance to enterprise management innovation and strategic transformation of traditional enterprises.
3. Accelerate the process of financial electronization
Financial electronization should cooperate with the state's supervision of financial institutions and the reform of the financial system, and serve the goal of improving the efficiency of capital use and facilitating enterprises and individual users. Financial electronization should make a breakthrough in cross-bank and cross-regional trade settlement and fund allocation, adapt to the requirements of the information age, and allow enterprises and individuals to enjoy high-quality financial services anytime and anywhere through information means. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the systematic risk prevention mechanism and establish China's financial security system, such as adopting security equipment, establishing firewalls and adopting various encryption technologies, speeding up the construction of certification centers, and fully realizing online security payment, that is, completely authenticating customers, completely transmitting information, not refusing to pay, effective audit mechanism, privacy protection, reliable information service, etc.
Third, the conclusion
With the acceleration of world economic integration and globalization, the electronization of international trade information and the application of e-commerce have increasingly become an important way for countries and enterprises to connect with the international environment. The new international trade operation mode will play an important role in expanding international trade opportunities, improving trade efficiency, reducing trade costs and enhancing the competitiveness and resilience of China enterprises.
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