Analysis of moral deficiency in market economy. The first chapter, "the harm and countermeasures of the lack of integrity under the market economy"
Serious food safety problems disturb people's normal production and living order and even the healthy operation track of market economy, and the lack of the most basic integrity of enterprises is an important reason. Starting with the relationship between honesty and market economy, this paper analyzes the harm of dishonesty in China's current economic field to market economy, and puts forward concrete measures to strengthen honesty construction under the condition of market economy.
Keywords:: the construction of honesty in the untrustworthy market economy
It's been a while, since? Has clenbuterol arrived yet? Dyed steamed bread? And then what? Beef sauce? Food safety incidents occur frequently. Not only individuals and small businesses are involved in the case, but even famous big companies are among them. As Wen Jiabao pointed out:? These vicious food safety incidents are enough to show how serious the lack of integrity and moral decline have reached. . The lack of honesty has disturbed people's normal life and seriously hindered the healthy operation of China's socialist market economy.
First, the relationship between integrity and market economy
(A) the essence of good faith
The basic meaning of honesty is keeping promise, keeping promise and not being unfaithful. First of all, honesty is a moral issue. As a code of conduct, honesty is a moral resource to avoid various contradictions, ensure social stability and promote social development. Secondly, honesty is a legal issue. Honesty, as people's behavior paradigm and interpersonal relationship model, needs institutionalization to last and have strength; Third, honesty is a sociological category. Honesty is not only an economic system, but also a political system and a moral system. As an economic, cultural and social concept, honesty has become one of the core concepts of market economy society.
(B) the dialectical relationship between honesty and market economy
Honesty and market economy first show an antagonistic relationship. Due to the spontaneity of the market and the profit-seeking characteristics of market subjects, every market subject should do everything possible to pursue the maximization of personal interests as the starting point and destination, and interest-driven will lead to unscrupulous market subjects, resulting in dishonest behavior. In addition, honesty and market economy are unified. Honesty is the foundation of all social activities, and market economy cannot be separated from honesty.
Marx clearly pointed out in Das Kapital that competition and credit are the two most powerful levers of capital concentration. The game process of the market is a process of constantly suppressing and rejecting dishonest behavior. The dishonest behavior in market transactions needs to be suppressed by the market itself. The reason why the market system can exist as an effective economic system for human beings lies in the fact that market forces can constantly suppress and exclude dishonest behaviors and constantly open up a path for themselves. Therefore, spontaneity and the behavior of market stakeholders may lead to the existence of dishonesty, but the operation mode and development of market economy will inhibit the spread of dishonesty to some extent. Honesty is an inevitable requirement for the development of market economy.
Second, the harm of lack of good faith to China's market economy
China is currently in the primary stage of socialism. As the socialist market economy has just started, many factors, such as insufficient understanding of market laws, lagging legislation and lost values, lead to the lack of integrity, which has caused great harm to China's socialist market economy.
(A) increase transaction costs and hinder the healthy operation of the market economy
According to statistics, the bad debt rate of Chinese enterprises is as high as 1% to 2%, and it is increasing year by year. In contrast, the bad debt rate of enterprises in mature market economy countries is usually 0.25% to 0.5%. China enterprises sign about 4 billion contracts every year, and the performance rate is only 50%; China enterprises lack confidence in their future payment performance, and nearly 33.3% of them predict the situation. There has been no progress? . According to the data provided by the Ministry of Commerce, the direct and indirect economic losses caused by the lack of credit of Chinese enterprises are as high as 600 billion yuan every year, of which various losses caused by poor product quality, counterfeiting and contract fraud are as high as 200 billion yuan. The huge credit cost has become the fatal wound of the market economy.
(two) damage to people's physical and mental health, destroy the harmonious social environment.
Every year, the casualties caused by food and drug safety have destroyed countless happy families; The losses caused by fake seeds, fake pesticides and fake fertilizers have caused heavy losses to farmers who have worked hard for a year; Price fraud and shopping traps are hard to prevent. Similar cases are too numerous to mention. These behaviors have seriously affected social stability and corrupted social atmosphere. Living in such an environment makes people's daily consumption a mental burden.
(C) reflect social injustice and reduce the credibility of the government
Government credibility is the government's credit ability, which reflects the degree of citizens' trust in government behavior. At present, the government supervision department is hard to blame for the dishonesty in China's economic field. In addition to food safety, which is generally concerned at present, there are problems such as industry fraud, false propaganda, intermediary service scandal, non-performing loans, infringement and piracy. It undermines the rules of the market and reduces the government's expectation of punishment for dishonesty in the eyes of market participants. The accompanying rent-seeking of government officials' rights, the breeding of corruption and the inefficiency of government administration all reflect serious social injustice and greatly reduce the credibility of the government.
(four) damage the national reputation and reduce the international competitiveness of China.
Suffering? Poisoned milk powder? Affected by the incident, in 20 10, the trade deficit of dairy products in China continued to expand, the import volume increased substantially, and the increase rate was close to 1 times, while the export of dairy products in China continued to decline. According to statistics, in international trade, China's cash transactions reach 80%, while credit transactions are only about 20%. The backward settlement method has seriously hindered the expansion of trade and the development of enterprises, and also greatly weakened the competitiveness of enterprises. Moore, Director-General of WTO, hit the nail on the head and pointed out that in the long run, what China lacks most is not capital, technology and talents, but credit and the mechanism to establish and improve the credit system. If China enterprises and products want to go abroad and conquer the world, why not build them first? China integrity? .
Three, under the condition of socialist market economy, we must strengthen and improve the construction of credit system.
An important feature of a mature market economy is to have a sound social credit system. On February 27th, Wen Jiabao pointed out when answering questions from netizens about the tainted milk powder incident? I think honesty and morality are urgent problems to be solved in modern society? . To strengthen the construction of socialist market economy and improve the credit system, we should mainly start from the following aspects:
(a) to strengthen moral construction, improve industry self-discipline and the sense of responsibility of operators.
Adam, the originator of classical economics? In The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Smith emphasized? Self-love, self-discipline, work habits, honesty, fairness, sense of justice, courage, humility, public spirit and public morality are all necessary before people go to the market? . At present, China is still in the primary stage of socialism. In the process of transition from planned economy to market economy, people's ideas and values have been strongly impacted, and the moral field needs to be rebuilt urgently. Wen Jiabao pointed out many times that entrepreneurs should have moral blood flowing through them? . At present, we must strengthen the moral construction in the economic field. First, we must strengthen the sense of responsibility of market players. To improve the credit system of market players, market operators should establish safe credit files and strengthen credit awareness; Second, improve and strengthen the disciplinary mechanism for dishonesty, strictly implement the market exit mechanism, and improve the industry self-discipline and sense of responsibility of operators; Third, strengthen publicity and education, carry forward healthy trends, strike at bad style, form a strong public opinion atmosphere in the whole society, and make dishonest and immoral behaviors look like? Rats cross the street and everyone shouts? .
(2) Improve and perfect economic laws and regulations.
Want to make a baby? What is the essence of doing good? Do you have to put forward some moral requirements? Tibetan officials are the law, which is applicable to the country as a custom? . China is still in the primary stage of socialism, the legal norms of market economy need to be further improved, and some new problems in the economic field need further legal constraints. Seriously punish illegal acts that disrupt the order of the market economy according to law. Vice President stressed at the national video conference on combating illegal addition and abuse of food additives. Heavy penalties for chaos have made criminals pay a high price. Only in this way can the current food safety chaos be effectively curbed. Improve and strictly enforce all laws and regulations as soon as possible, so that criminals can bear their due criminal responsibilities, make criminals pay a high price, and give the greatest shock to illegal acts. ? The most important thing to govern the country according to law and build a socialist country ruled by law is to establish and improve the legal system of socialist market economy.
(C) to further strengthen the regulatory functions of the government
In the process of establishing the socialist market economic system, the relationship between the government and the market will always be involved. Many deep-seated problems and contradictions in our real economic life are caused by improper handling of the relationship between the government and the market. The history of global economic development shows that the expansion of market transactions is synchronized with the expansion of government functions, and supervision is an important way for the government to perform its function of intervening in economic operation. The government should establish and improve a feasible power supervision system as soon as possible, strengthen the information disclosure system, and promote and improve the appointment system of civil servants? Commitment system? And then what? Accountability? Do a good job in building a clean government, severely punish the corrupt behavior of government officials, and establish the concept of serving the people. Change the existing government? Local protectionism? 、? Collusion between government and business? And then what? Good, regardless of development? Do nothing, strengthen the service function and change the work style. Only the government can really play a regulatory role and be a qualified government? Referee? In order to increase the public's sense of identity and trust in government administration, increase the authority of government administration, and maintain and promote the orderly operation of the socialist market economy.
(4) Give full play to the role of public opinion supervision in the market supervision system.
Public opinion supervision is an indispensable part of the market supervision system. Is it social? Shock absorber? 、? Safety valve? . With the development of economy and the gradual establishment and improvement of the socialist unified market, public opinion supervision plays an increasingly important role in the market supervision system with its characteristics of openness of reporting, rapidity of communication and universality of influence. Every year? 3? 15? The party has become the focus of attention of hundreds of millions of viewers across the country. Through the national news media and online publicity, the dishonest, illegal and unprofessional enterprises have been greatly shocked. In the future, we should further play the role of public opinion supervision in food safety guarantee.
References:
Zhou zhongzhi. Ethics [M]. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2004
② Liu Jinsong. Economic reference [n] .20 1 1-5-4 (A2)
③ Zhou Yurong. The role of the government in an honest society [J]. Contemporary Administration, 2004(9)
(Li Guijuan, 1972, born in Jilin City, Jilin Province, lecturer in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences of Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology. Research direction: sociology. Zhao Jilun, 1955, born in Changchun, Jilin Province, is a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Political Science and Law of Northeast Normal University. Research direction: sociology)