First, observation.
1. Observation is a planned and purposeful way to examine the research object with the senses. It provides an unedited objective observation of the behavior object. Observers can observe the color and state of substances with naked eyes, smell the smell of substances with their noses, and also observe with the help of some instruments to improve the sensitivity of observation.
2. In the process of observation, people should not only use their senses to collect information, but also actively participate in the basic methods of studying material properties. Observation is one of the simplest and most effective methods in qualitative research.
Second, the case study
1. Qualitative research methods include case study, exploratory study and phenomenological study, with the largest number of adults and the smallest number of children. The research methods are mainly in-depth interviews and observations. Case study takes typical figures or cases as the research object, and obtains the process and law of the change and development of the research object through systematic and comprehensive investigation and research.
2, so as to provide experience for solving social phenomena and their laws. Although the case study needs a lot of manpower and material resources, the results are not universal, but combined with sampling survey, we can understand the situation of "point" and "surface" at the same time, which is conducive to understanding and grasping social phenomena and their laws as a whole.
Third, research methods of grounded theory.
1, grounded theory research method is a method to establish theory by constantly comparing data. Before the research began, researchers had no theoretical assumptions, summed up experience directly from actual observation, and then rose to theory. The purpose of this method is to find the differences by studying the similarities and differences of objects, and to combine the fragments of data into the overall framework of functionality to form a theory.
2. In the process of data collection and analysis, researchers use interviews, participation in observation and field investigation to obtain real research results.
Fourth, data collection methods.
1. Qualitative research methods include observation, interview and data collection. Data collection methods mainly include observation, interview, inquiry of historical data and archives. When participating in observation, researchers need to go deep into the field, live with the research object, listen and observe the words and deeds of the research object.
2. During the observation, researchers should also take notes on the spot and record the observation contents at any time. Data collection methods can help researchers understand the research object more comprehensively and provide important data support for subsequent qualitative research.