From September 20 17, Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools in China will adopt a brand-new "ministerial edition" (directly compiled by the Ministry of Education). As a symbolic subject of educational reform, the era of "one syllabus and many books" in Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools has officially ended. It is understood that about 40% of the textbooks in this "ministerial edition" have been replaced, and the proportion of classical Chinese has been greatly improved. Compared with the previous People's Education Edition, there are 124 ancient poems/articles in 6 grades of primary school, accounting for 30% of all texts. In the third grade, the total number of ancient poems/essays increased to 124, accounting for 5 1.7% of all texts. This is the highest proportion of classical Chinese in Chinese textbooks since the rise of vernacular Chinese for more than 100 years. With this regulation, the first thing that will be affected is school teaching-not only 40% of the new teaching content, but also one item in the textbook is almost specially designed for teaching, that is, the introduction of famous books should be implemented in teaching. In this regard, editor-in-chief Wen Rumin explained, "This is due to the widespread disadvantages of reading less in current teaching."
2. What changes have taken place in the overall version of Chinese textbooks? 1. Textbooks convey new ideas. Attaching importance to reading, attaching importance to the development of thinking, and guiding parents and teachers in nuances are the concepts of new textbook transmission.
Second, the depth of teaching materials is reflected in the development of thinking. Starting from the first lesson "Middle School Times", the arrangement and design of new textbooks reflect the learning guidance of specific methods and skills. By designing an open teaching process and comprehensively using the methods of role-playing, discussion and analysis, students can actively express, be good at thinking, acquire methods and practice hard. Thirdly, the change of teaching materials has posed a new challenge to the theoretical basis of grassroots teachers, and deeply "tortured" their rational thinking ability in teaching philosophy and educational significance.
Extended data:
Evolution of teaching material system: The development of this kind of teaching material with "one program and many books" and "many programs and many books" can be traced back to the early days of reform and opening up. At that time, the Ministry of Education formulated unified teaching materials, and all local teaching materials blossomed, and the Chinese class just resumed its independent setting.
From 65438 to 0985, under the guidance of the central government's decision on the reform of the educational system, we began to reform the educational content and methods that were incompatible with socialist modernization. The following year, the National Committee for the Examination and Approval of Textbooks for Primary and Secondary Schools was established to reform and unify the textbook system, that is, to diversify the textbooks on the premise of unified requirements and examination and approval.
199 1 year, People's Education Publishing House produced two sets of textbooks, the May 4th Movement System and the June 3rd System. 1993 textbooks published in Guangdong, Sichuan, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Beijing Normal University after it was put into use. I have also entered various classrooms after being submitted for trial.
65438-0999 started a new round of basic education curriculum reform, introduced the textbook competition mechanism, and developed local textbooks and school-based textbooks suitable for local development. In the autumn of 2000, new Chinese textbooks appeared in primary and secondary schools all over the country, and the revised Chinese syllabus was formally implemented at the same time, which put forward higher requirements for the teaching of ancient poetry, emphasizing the cultivation of students' self-study ability and writing and expression ability.
The new local textbook used in Beijing in 2007 adjusted the content of Lu Xun's articles, abandoned the famous articles such as The True Story of Ah Q and In Memory of Liu Hezhen, and chose Casting Sword. In addition, the content of Jin Yong's novels has been added.
Under the guidance of the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020), the Ministry of Education once again organized experts to revise and improve the curriculum standards for compulsory education, and issued the curriculum standards for compulsory education such as Chinese (201/version). In this new Chinese curriculum standard implemented in the fall of 20 12, the requirements of primary school students to write Chinese characters are reduced, but the items to be recited are increased.
This time, Geng deliberately read the literacy section first. "The first volume of Senior One requires students to recognize 300 words, but they are only required to write 100 of them, which highlights more recognition and less writing." This is in line with her understanding of children's age and psychological characteristics. "Children around the age of 6 are not very developed in hand muscles. They have trouble writing, but they read quickly. "
On the day when textbooks were distributed to freshmen, Geng remembered that children were more attracted to * * * pictures and Chinese characters, which made it easier to concentrate. "Illustrations have changed a lot, and they are quite cute, which is more in line with the characteristics of children. The style of painting also combines some contents of the textbooks of the Republic of China. " Among them, the proportion of ancient poetry is still increasing, with primary school textbooks 129 and junior high school textbooks 132.
The Textbook Bureau of the Ministry of Education responded to China Newsweek that this is based on the principle of strengthening the education of Chinese excellent traditional culture. "Let children have more contact with ancient poetry and accept the influence of excellent traditional culture during the period with the strongest memory; Then choose ancient poems. The ancient poems recommended by the Chinese curriculum standards are well-known classics, including poems praising the motherland's great rivers and mountains, and masterpieces that reflect love for the motherland and positive progress, all of which need us to inherit. " Based on the requirements of the combination of "humanistic spirit" and "China element", the writing team put Lu Xun's Mr. Fujino, Hometown and Kong Yiji this time; Zhu Ziqing's Spring Return; Lao She's Winter in Jinan and other articles give consideration to both classics and the times.
Generally speaking, the number of texts has decreased, but the extracurricular derivative reading has increased. For example, columns such as "reading with adults" have been added in primary school, and a certain amount of self-reading texts and masterpieces have been set up in junior high school.
References:
China Net-140 Compulsory Education Textbooks have been compiled for five years. What has the editor changed?
3. How much has the proportion of Chinese textbooks replaced by China ancient books increased? It is reported that in September this year, Bai Xin's primary and secondary school students will use the Chinese Textbook for Compulsory Education compiled by the Ministry of Education, and the proportion of new texts replaced by nearly two-thirds of ancient texts has increased.
According to the report, the relevant person in charge said that the new textbook was selected according to four criteria: classic, beautiful in quality, suitable for teaching and taking into account the times. In this "ministerial edition", there are fewer "existing articles" that have not yet precipitated, and some classics are back. The proportion of traditional cultural articles in this revision has greatly increased.
There have been ancient poems since the first grade of primary school. There are 12 textbooks in six grades of Zhizhi primary school, and 32 ancient poems are selected, with an average of about 20 in each grade, accounting for about 30% of the total number of texts. Six volumes of ancient poetry in junior high school were selected into 124, which also increased the weight of Tao.
The genre of China's ancient prose is more diverse, from ancient folk songs to quatrains, from essays in Han Dynasty to essays in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Experts say that the teaching of ancient poetry emphasizes the beauty of poetry and language. Primary school students have a good memory, and it is the best way to read more and recite more. Maybe at the beginning, you can't tell where the beauty is, but it will gradually accumulate.
Some experts also said that it is necessary to recite more classic documents and read freely. Just immerse yourself in it when reading. I hope that the poetry culture can be passed down.
4. Which version of Journey to the West in classical Chinese has the least number of words (the best version)/Journey to the West/and the number of words in each cycle is basically as follows: the first cycle (6738), the second cycle (6756), the third cycle (68 12), the fourth cycle (65 16), and the fifth cycle (6). Sixth cycle (6484) and seventh cycle (565438+) 698) Twelfth cycle (597 1) Thirteenth cycle (6200) Fourteenth cycle (8 182) Fifteenth cycle (6964) Sixteenth cycle (7399) Seventeenth cycle.
Fair and aboveboard, loyalty, goodness and fruit are deep. Some arrogant days aggravate the task, and the present time waits for no one.
Ask Dong Jun why disasters are hitting each other now. Just for the sake of pride, regardless of rules and regulations.
It is said that the Monkey King was taken to the demon stage by all the heavenly soldiers, tied to the demon-lowering column, chopped with knives and axes, and stabbed to death with spears to avoid self-harm. Nandou star urged Vulcan to set fire, but it couldn't burn.
He also saw the god of thunder, and nailed him to death with thunder chips, so that he could not hurt a dime. The powerful ghost king and others began to say, "Long live, I don't know where the Great Sage learned this way to protect himself. My ministers cut axes with knives and split them with lightning, which didn't hurt at all. But what? " Hearing this, the Jade Emperor said, "This fellow is waiting. What should we do about it? " "The monkey ate the flat peach, drank the royal wine and stole the elixir. My five pots of Dan medicine are ripe and alive, and he ate them all.
Forged into pieces with Samadhi fire, it is urgent to become a body of gold and steel. Don't take it with the elderly, put it in the' gossip furnace' and exercise with civil and military fire.
Refine my Dan, and he will burn himself to ashes. Hearing this, the Jade Emperor taught Liu Ding and Liu Jia, took him off and gave him to the old gentleman.
The old gentleman finished the order. On the city wall, Jiro was declared a sage, and he was given a hundred golden flowers, a hundred bottles of royal wine, a hundred pills of Dan, a different pearl and splendid flowers to enjoy with Brother Yi.
Thank you, a real gentleman. It's no problem to recharge the estuary. The old gentleman entered the palace to lead the troops, untied the Great Sage, put the plucked string instrument into the gossip furnace, and ordered the furnace Taoist priest and the fire boy to fan the fire and forge it.
It turned out to be furnace stem, Kan, Gen, Zhen, Xun, Li, Kun and Dui Bagua. He is about to enter the position of "Gong Xun".
Xun is the wind, where there is wind, there is no fire. It's just that the wind stirs up smoke and makes a pair of eyes red, which has become an old eye disease, so it's called "critical eye".
How time flies! I didn't realize that on July 49, the old man was ready. Suddenly, one day, the stove was turned on to pick up Dan. The Great Sage was rubbing his eyes with a runny nose when he heard the kitchen stove ring.
When he suddenly opened his eyes and saw the light, he couldn't help it. He jumped out of the Dan furnace, fell into the gossip furnace and came out. I was so scared that I got angry. I wanted to argue with Ding Jia and his colleagues, and he knocked me down one by one, just like a white-fronted tiger with epilepsy and a unicorn with a gale.
The old gentleman caught up with him, was slapped by him, fell headlong and ran away. That is to say, I took the wishful stick out of my ear, flicked it in the wind, and still held a bowl in my hand, regardless of good or bad, but I messed up the Heavenly Palace, knocking on Nine Obsidian Stars behind closed doors and beating the four heavenly kings without a trace.
What a monkey! There are poems to prove it. The poem says: it is natural to mix vegetables, but it is natural to rob them thousands of times.
Nothing is too vague, just like the beginning of metaphysics. Lead-free mercury that has been smelted in the furnace for a long time is immortal.
Change is endless and still changing, and the three conversions and five precepts are always endless. Another poem: a small lamp in space, and so is the crutch: people can use it as long as they want, and they can roll up and down horizontally.
Another poem: the ape's body is false, and the heart is deep. The Great Sage Monkey is true, and the official seal horse is a bosom friend? The horse ape cooperated wholeheartedly and tied tightly.
Everything returns to the truth and follows principles, and so does Tathagata living in Sara. This time, the Monkey King was neck and neck, which made iron bars attack western enemies in the East, and no god could stop them.
Only attacked the Tong Ming Concert Hall outside Lingxiao Concert Hall. Fortunately, Wang Lingguan, the assistant ambassador of Yousheng Zhenjun, is in charge of the temple.
Seeing the Great Sage criss-crossing, he drew his golden whip and stopped him. "Where is Po Hou going?" He asked. Don't be crazy with me around! "The risk jump in. He raised the stick and hit it. The spiritual officer greeted him with a whip.
The two men wandered in front of Lingxiao Temple. It's easy to kill: the reputation of honesty is great, and the reputation of bullying the world is bad.
One is low, and the other is lucky. Heroes gamble with heroes. The iron bar is fierce, and the golden whip is fast. How can you endure integrity and selflessness? This is Taiyi Raytheon Hua Yingzun, and that is Monkey King and Monkey Monster.
Two kinds of energy, the golden whip and the iron bar, are sacred instruments. Today, it's really cute to show your talents in Lingxiao Concert Hall.
One deceives the heart to seize the bullfighting palace, and the other tries his best to help Xuan Shengjie. There is no victory or defeat in the exchange of whip and stick.
The two of them fought in the same place, regardless of the outcome. They have helped the sage, the real king, and sent assistants to Fulei, sent 36 Jiang Lei members, surrounded the Great Sage and fought fiercely. Without fear, the Great Sage made a wishful stick, covering the left and blocking the right, and greeted him in front of the back frame.
For a moment, when I saw the generals' knives and guns, swords, halberds, whips, hammers, axes, melons, sickles and moon shovels coming close, he suddenly became a man with three heads and six arms. Turn the wishful stick into three pieces; Six hands make three sticks open, making it like a spinning wheel, going round and round, dancing in the heart. Thorns can't be around.
The real thing is: how do bright and eternal people learn? Into the fire, can't burn. If you go into the water, have you ever drowned? A Manizu is bright, but a sword and halberd can't hurt you. It can also be good or evil, and good and evil are before him.
When it is good, it becomes a Buddha and a fairy, and when it is evil, it has long hair and horns. Infinite change makes heaven, but thunder can't catch the magic weapon.
At that time, the gods gathered the Great Sage in one place, but they couldn't get close to it, yelling and fighting, which alerted the Jade Emperor early. Then he sent a message to You Yi Ling Guan and Yi Sheng Zhen Jun to the west to ask the Buddha to surrender.
Two saints got the message and went to Lingshan Scenic Area and Leiyin Temple. They paid tribute to the Four donkey kong and the Eight Bodhisattvas, and then took pains to convey them. The gods came to the stage of Baolian to enlighten them, and the Buddha called them.
Two sacraments and three turns, standing under the stage. The Tathagata asked, "Why did the Jade Emperor bother the two saints?" The second saint immediately said, "At that time, there was a monkey in Guo Huasheng, where he used magic to gather monkeys to disturb the world.
The Jade Emperor wrote to the Emperor, calling it' Bi'.