Second, demonstration methods: reasoning, example, comparison, quotation and metaphor.

Third, the way of argument: argument and rebuttal. Argumentative essays can be divided into two categories: argumentative essays and argumentative essays. )

Fourth, common questions and answering skills.

1, the function of analysis and demonstration method: two main points of function. Details are as follows:

(1) Demonstration with examples: By citing concrete examples, the demonstration will be more concrete and convincing.

Format: Use examples to demonstrate and cite … (summarize examples) to prove … (if there is a sub-argument, write the sub-argument it proves, otherwise write the central argument), thus making the argument more specific and convincing.

(2) Reasoning argument: prove the argument through reasoning, making the argument more general and profound.

Form: demonstrate the viewpoint with the method of rational argument ... so as to make the argument more universal and deeper.

3. Metaphorical argument: use metaphor to prove and make the argument vivid and easy to understand.

Format: Metaphorical argument is used for comparison

④ Comparative argument: The role of comparative argument is outstanding.

Format: Compare … with … by means of comparative argument, and highlight the viewpoint of ….

⑤ Citation arguments: Citation arguments are complicated and related to the specific cited materials, such as quoting famous sayings, aphorisms, authoritative data, anecdotes of celebrities, jokes and anecdotes. , its role should be analyzed in detail. For example, quoting famous sayings, aphorisms and authoritative data can enhance the persuasiveness and authority of the argument; Citing celebrity anecdotes and anecdotes can enhance the interest of the argument and attract readers to read.

Format: Use the argument method of quoting arguments, and quote … to prove the viewpoint of … to make the argument more convincing. (or more interesting, attracting readers to read)

2. Types and functions of analysis and argumentation: Argumentation can be divided into two types: rational argumentation and factual argumentation. There are two points to answer: (1), define the type of argument; (2) Specific analysis. The essence of this topic is to examine the relationship between arguments and arguments. Whether it is the relationship between the central argument and the sub-argument, or the relationship between proof and proof. Therefore, the standard answer format is as follows:

This is the argument of ... it is proving ... (argument, if there is a sub-argument, write the sub-argument it proves, otherwise write the central argument. )

Supplementary argument is very popular as a new type of question. To do this kind of topic, we should pay attention to the following two aspects: (1), and see clearly the types of arguments that need to be supplemented, that is, whether they are famous sayings or examples; (2) Pay attention to the word limit when adding celebrity cases. Of course, as an exam, you can prepare celebrity examples and famous sayings with common themes such as "diligence" and "dealing with the world". Words of famous aphorisms should be few, things should be familiar, and long famous aphorisms or unfamiliar celebrity examples should not be prepared for novelty.

3. The article puts forward the way of central argument:

The title of the article points out the central argument;

② Put forward the central argument at the beginning of the article;

③ At last, the article summarizes the central argument;

4. In the middle of the article, put forward the central argument with a connecting sentence.

The article does not directly put forward the central argument, but it always revolves around …

4. Analyze the argumentation ideas of the article.

First of all, we should understand the structure of general argumentative papers: asking questions (introduction)-analyzing questions (papers)-solving problems (conclusions).

In fact, analyzing the argumentation idea of argumentative essays is to add some words such as "first", "then", "then" and "last" on the basis of paragraph level. When you do this topic, you should pay special attention to the opening and closing sentences.

The content at the beginning is:

(1), put forward the central argument; (2), lead to the topic; In the above two aspects, it is necessary to specifically answer the specific tests that put forward the central argument or lead to the topic, some through famous sayings, some through celebrity anecdotes, and some through anecdotes and jokes.

Ending content:

(1), deepen the central argument and put forward the conclusion of …;

(2) Repeating or strengthening the central argument ...;

(3) Appeal ... or exhort people ...;

(4) Supplementary argumentation. (Sometimes, the role of this aspect is to make the argument more rigorous. )

Doing this topic is to specifically state the introduction, theory and conclusion of the article. For example, in the article "Man's nobility lies in the soul", we can express it like this: firstly, we quote Pascal, a famous French thinker, "Man is a thinking reed" and put forward the central argument that "Man's nobility lies in the soul", then we quote Archimedes and Wilde to prove that "inner spiritual wealth is more worth cherishing than external material wealth", and finally, we quote a girl who is studying on a train as an example to advise people that "man should keep a pure spiritual pursuit.

5. Analysis of the characteristics of argumentative language:

There are only two angles to analyze the linguistic features of argumentative essays: (1) linguistic features; (2) Stylistic features. To do this kind of topic, we should master some key words of language style: concise and plain, vivid and humorous, implicit and euphemistic, rich in literary talent and so on. The stylistic feature is that it is enough to make a fuss about the word strict logic. One thing that needs special attention is that doing this kind of topic must be supported by specific sentences, that is, using specific example sentences in the article as examples for analysis.

6. Analysis of the characteristics of argumentative writing

There are many angles to analyze the characteristics of argumentative writing, such as rhetorical devices, argumentation methods and writing skills.

(1), rhetoric: for example, metaphor can be combined with the characteristics of metaphor, that is, vivid image; For example, parallelism enhances the momentum of the article argument; For example, quoting ancient poetry makes the article rich in literary talent.

(2) Model Law: Talking about the function of reference model law.

(3) The writing techniques are relatively fixed, and the common ones are: (1), the combination of example and argument (narrative and discussion); (2), give priority to ... model law. Similarly, doing this kind of topic must be supported by specific sentences, that is, using specific examples in the article as examples of analysis.