With the rapid development of aquaculture, the relationship between supply and demand in China's aquatic products market has also undergone fundamental changes: the strong voice of "it is difficult to eat fish" a few years ago has been replaced by "it is difficult to sell fish" in a blink of an eye, and conventional aquaculture varieties such as carp, crucian carp, silver carp and grass carp, and even famous aquatic products such as turtles, shrimps and crabs, have weak markets and falling prices. "What to raise now and how to raise it to make money" has become a hot topic among aquatic products colleagues. Especially after China's accession to the WTO, we must also face the global market competition. Under the new situation of domestic and international shocks and challenges, how can we stand firm and seek our own development opportunities? We believe that the only way out is to update ideas, knowledge, technology and management methods, and realize the upgrade from traditional "quantity increase" to modern "quality benefit".

First, select breeding objects to improve breeding efficiency.

Business opportunities are everywhere and constantly changing. As long as you are good at capturing business opportunities from the market and choosing suitable breeding objects (or some commodity specifications), whether it is raising conventional varieties or famous products, there is also a "money" way. When selecting breeding objects, the following principles should be followed: (1) There is a market for products (including potential markets); (2) Good production performance (including growth rate, resistance, adaptability to environment, feed-meat ratio, etc.). ) is the main index to measure the breeding value of a variety; (3) The local area has suitable breeding conditions for this variety (if it is necessary to create certain conditions for breeding, it needs to undergo economic evaluation); (4) The seeds are easily available or the source is guaranteed; (5) Feed supply is guaranteed (it is best to choose the variety of compound feed); (6) Mature breeding technology.

Second, choose the feed with the highest cost performance to raise fish.

It is imperative to do everything possible to reduce the cost of aquaculture under the situation that fish prices continue to be low and farmers are difficult to make money. Feed is the bulk of the cost of fish farming, often accounting for 40% ~ 60% of the total cost, so the feed cost should be reduced first.

When conventional fish farming is switched to low-grade feed, we should pay attention to the cost performance of feed and the sustainable development of production. That is to say, when deciding whether to use first-class or second-class feed, we should not only calculate the economic account, but also carefully calculate the influence of low-grade feed on growth, the time when the product comes out of the pond, the rent of the fish pond, the loan interest and the risk of fish pressing the pond, and finally choose the feed with the highest cost performance. Blindly pursuing cheap and low-grade feed will definitely be punished by the laws of nature. On the other hand, it is not appropriate to easily switch to low-grade feed in order to raise expensive high-grade fish. In addition, we should do a good job in feeding technology, water quality improvement and disease prevention and control.

Third, organize and take the road of joint development of large-scale aquaculture.

The traditional decentralized management mode of one household is not conducive to the development of productive forces, nor can it withstand the impact of strong winds and waves. Only by carrying out large-scale farming can we integrate all kinds of farming resources, and resource integration is the fundamental guarantee for the healthy development of large-scale farming.

According to the characteristics of aquaculture at this stage, it is advisable to establish various forms of joint management organizations, adopt loose or close contractual cooperation, and form a production organization chain with aquaculture family management as the main body. Its business model can be farmer contracting, regional contiguous, professional cooperation and comprehensive management. With such an organizational foundation, we can better transform and build infrastructure, update varieties in time, adopt new scientific and technological achievements, form scale operation, and improve market share and competitiveness of products. Catfish farming in meishan county and Dan Ling, Sichuan, and crucian carp farming in chongzhou city have begun to take shape, and farmers have tasted the sweetness. At the same time, we can also start from the local reality, cultivate those enterprises with perfect operating mechanism and advantages in technology, capital and marketing into leading enterprises, and guide them to establish a new economic benefit distribution system. Its operation can adopt the mode of "company+farmer" or "company+farmer+company", so as to select some projects with obvious regional advantages, good product sales and broad industrial development prospects, form fist products, give play to brand advantages, and take the road of integration of trade, industry and agriculture, and one-stop production, supply and marketing. On the other hand, large-scale farming is also conducive to giving full play to the advantages of variety combination diversification and diversifying the products produced. A variety of aquatic products can overcome the market risk of a single variety by giving full play to their respective advantages, which is beneficial to aquaculture operators to increase production and efficiency. Because in the diversified variety combination, the losses caused by the falling market prices of some varieties can be made up by the profits of other high-return varieties, so that operators can always maintain a certain income.

Large-scale farming is also conducive to giving full play to the advantages of a reasonable combination of various farming methods. At present, the main farming methods are pond farming, running water or micro-running water farming, cage or net fence farming, ecological farming and the most advanced factory farming. Specific breeding measures include more than two crops a year, round-catching and round-releasing, off-season breeding, three-dimensional breeding and so on. Owners engaged in large-scale farming can adjust measures to local conditions and adopt corresponding combination of farming methods from reality.

Fourth, the implementation of pollution-free healthy farming.

With the improvement of people's quality of life, pollution-free agricultural products, including pollution-free aquatic products, are increasingly welcomed by consumers, with good sales and high value, which can bring more benefits to producers and operators. During the SARS epidemic at the turn of spring and summer last year, the aquatic product market was once depressed due to the obstruction of people flow and logistics. However, all pollution-free agricultural products and healthy foods are welcomed, and people's awareness of product quality is further enhanced. Aquatic food produced according to the standard of healthy farming will be more popular and have higher economic value.