engine

An engine is a power device that provides power to drive a car.

In most automobile engines, the explosive force of the mixture of air and gasoline drives the piston. The piston drives the crankshaft connected with the piston to rotate, and the rotating force of the crankshaft makes the wheels of the automobile rotate.

Some cars are driven by another kind of engine, which is called rotary valve engine, rotary combustion engine or Wankel engine. Rotary valve engines also take in a mixture of air and fuel, which is then compressed and burned. The motor rotating in the oval chamber is connected to a shaft and finally drives the rear wheel. In most cars, the engine is installed at the front end of the car, followed by the clutch and gearbox; The engine, clutch and gearbox are assembled into a whole.

Suspension system

The function of suspension system is to absorb the vibration caused by the up-and-down movement of wheels due to uneven road surface. Springs, connecting rods and shock absorbers constitute the suspension system of the vehicle. There are two types of suspension systems:

(1) rigid system

(2) Independent system

In a rigid system, the road spring is connected to the rigid beam shaft. It is mostly used in the front axle of commercial vehicles and axles of various vehicles.

Independent systems have no rigid axis. Each wheel can move freely vertically without any reaction to its paired wheel. Independent systems are mainly used for small cars.

Drive Train

The power train transmits the power generated by the engine to the wheels. It consists of a clutch (on a car equipped with a manual transmission), a transmission (increasing the engine rotation force to drive the gear system of the car), a transmission shaft, a differential and a rear axle.

grasp

The manual transmission system needs a clutch to temporarily disconnect the engine from the wheels. This separation of the power train from the engine is necessary when changing the transmission ratio or stopping.

Transmission device [machine] transmission

The main function of the transmission is to provide necessary changes to the torque applied by the engine to the wheels. This is achieved by changing the transmission ratio between the engine output shaft and the drive shaft.

drive shaft

The transmission shaft or propeller connects the gearbox and the differential. There are universal joints at both ends of the transmission shaft.

difference

The function of the differential is to distribute the power received from the transmission shaft to the rear axle shaft. It allows the rear wheels to drive at different speeds when the vehicle turns or falls into a ditch.

axle

Axle is the axle on which wheels are mounted. The wheels provide the required driving force through these axles.

wheel

Automobile wheels bear the load of the vehicle, and at the same time produce traction to make the vehicle run. Wheels are also used to slow down and stop.

Steering system

The steering system is used to change the direction of the vehicle. The main requirements for any steering mechanism are that it should be accurate and easy to operate, and the front wheels should have a tendency to return to the straight forward position after turning. In this system, a gear mechanism called steering gear is used to increase the steering force provided by the driver. The system makes it very easy for the vehicle to turn, because the driver does not have to make great efforts. Vehicle steering is required not only on curved roads, but also on busy traffic roads. The steering system allows the vehicle to be guided, that is, turn left or right.

braking system

To slow down or stop a moving vehicle, you need to brake. The braking system can be operated mechanically or hydraulically. 95% of the B harrow system used today is hydraulic.

All brakes consist of two parts, one rotating and the other stationary. There are various ways to bring these two parts into contact, thus reducing the vehicle speed.

The main components of the brake system are: brake pedal, master cylinder, cylinder, brake pipe, brake shoe, brake packing device and connecting rod mechanism. With the increase of vehicle load and vehicle speed, the importance of braking system has also increased in modern times, and dynamic braking is now preferred. Dynamic braking uses vacuum and air pressure to provide most of the braking force.

automobile components

engine

Engine is a kind of power mechanical equipment. It provides power for cars.

In most automobile engines, the explosive energy generated by the mixed gas of air and gasoline drives the moving piston to move. The piston rotates the crankshaft connected with it. The turning force of the crankshaft makes the wheels turn.

Some cars are driven by another kind of engine, which is considered as rotary valve, rotary combustion or Wankel engine. Rotary engines also take in a mixture of air and fuel, which is compressed and burned? The engine rotating in the oval room is connected to a shaft, which will eventually drive the wheels behind it. In most cars, the engine is installed at the front end of the car, and the platform separator and gearbox are behind. Hoisting, platform separator and gearbox are assembled into a whole.

When the engine is working, many systems are necessary. Lubrication system can reduce friction and engine wear. The cooling system is used to keep the engine temperature within a safe range. The engine must have a fuel system to ensure proper air and fuel supply.

The ignition system in the cylinder must ignite the mixture of air and fuel at an appropriate time. Finally, the electronic system is used to control the motor to start the engine and provide electric energy for the engine accessories.

lubrication system

The engine has many moving parts, which will eventually wear out because they are in relative motion. The engine circulates lubricating oil between these moving parts to avoid wear caused by metal-to-metal contact. The lubricated parts can move easily due to the reduction of friction, and the energy loss caused by friction is minimal. The second function of lubricating oil is as a coolant to prevent leakage. Finally, the lubricating oil film on the cylinder wall helps to seal the piston ring, thus improving the compressibility of the engine.

cooling system

Because fuel and air are burned in the cylinder, the temperature of engine parts rises. Temperature rise directly affects the performance of engine and the life of engine parts. The cooling system keeps the engine working at an effective temperature. Regardless of driving conditions, the engine system is designed to prevent overheating and supercooling.

fuel feed system

The main function of fuel supply system is to provide fuel to carburetor or injection system in a certain proportion and pressure, so as to meet the needs of engine for load, speed and slope under various working conditions. The fuel system must also reserve enough fuel for the car to travel for several miles.

The main body provides a mounting frame. The frame is made of square steel or box steel, which has enough strength to support the weight of the body and other parts. Automobile frames are usually composed of parts welded or riveted together to form the final shape. The engine and rubber washer are on the frame. Rubber pads can absorb vibration and provide damping for these vibrations, so as to reduce the discomfort caused by vibration to passengers.

Suspension system

The function of suspension system is to absorb the vibration caused by the wheel moving up and down due to uneven road surface. The elastic element, connecting device and shock absorber constitute the suspension system of the automobile. There are two types of suspension systems:

(1) rigid suspension system

(2) Independent suspension system

In the rigid suspension system, the spring is tied to the rigid beam, which is mainly used in the front axle of commercial vehicles and axles of various vehicles.

Independent suspension system has no hard axle. Each frame can move freely vertically without any response from the corresponding wheel on the other side. Independent suspension system is mainly used in automobiles.

transfer system

The transmission system transfers the energy generated by the engine to the wheels. It consists of a support device (manual transmission used in automobiles), a transmission system (a series of gears to enhance the torque generated by the engine and propel the automobile), a transmission shaft, a differential and a rear axle.

grasp

Clutch is used in manual transmission system. It is used to temporarily separate the power transmission between the engine and the wheels. When shifting gears or stopping, the drive train must be disconnected from the engine.

Variable speed registration

The main function of the gearbox is to provide all kinds of necessary torque to the wheels through the engine, which is realized by changing the transmission ratio of the engine output shaft and the drive shaft.

drive shaft

The drive shaft or the push shaft is connected with the gear box and the differential. There is usually a universal joint at the end of the transmission shaft.

Differential machine

The function of the differential is to distribute the energy of the transmission shaft to the rear vehicle. When the car turns or falls into a ditch, it allows the rear wheels to drive with different degrees of grip.

Chejiao

Axle refers to the axle used to install the wheels, through which the necessary driving force is provided to the wheels.

wheel

The wheels support the whole car and generate traction to drive the car. Wheels are also used to slow down and stop.

Steering system

The steering system is used to change the direction of the car. In any steering mechanism, the most important thing is that the steering is accurate and easy to control, and the front wheel can automatically return to the right after steering. A gear mechanism, which is usually considered as a steering gear, is used in this system to enhance the steering force provided by the driver. This system makes the steering of the car very easy, and the driver doesn't have to report much force. Cars not only need to turn on curved roads, but also need to be skillfully controlled on busy roads. The steering system can control the car to turn left or right.

braking system

Brakes are used to slow down or stop vehicles. The braking system can be mechanical braking or hydraulic braking. 95% of the braking system used now is hydraulic.

All braking systems contain two parts, one is a rotating part and the other is a fixed part. There are various ways to bring these two parts into contact and slow down the vehicle. The main components of the brake system: brake pedal, master brake cylinder, wheel brake, brake drum, brake pipeline, brake shoe, brake device and linkage device. With the increase of vehicle load and speed, the importance of braking system is also increasing, and now people prefer power-assisted braking. Power-assisted braking uses vacuum and air pressure to provide better braking force.