Building materials products change with each passing day. New building materials are a new generation of building materials developed on the basis of traditional building materials, including new wall materials, thermal insulation materials, waterproof sealing materials and decorative materials. It is suitable for all walks of life.
Keywords: new building materials, building materials products, development and application
1 since the reform and opening up, after 30 years of development, China's new building materials industry has basically completed the development process from scratch, from small to large, and has formed a new industry nationwide, becoming an important product category and a new economic growth point in the building materials industry. The rapid development of economic construction and the continuous improvement of people's living standards provide good opportunities and broad markets for the development of new building materials. At present, the national new building materials enterprises are scattered all over the country, and driven by market demand, a nationwide circulation network of organ newspaper building materials has been formed; Most foreign products have been produced in China, and the new building materials needed for three-star hotels have been self-sufficient in China; The development of decorative materials with different grades and colors has provided material guarantee for improving the living conditions of urban and rural people in China and changing the appearance of cities. There are mainly the following kinds of material products:
1. 1 wall materials China's new wall materials have developed rapidly, and there are many kinds of new wall materials, mainly including bricks, blocks and boards, such as clay hollow bricks, clay bricks mixed with waste materials, non-clay bricks, building blocks, aerated concrete, lightweight boards and composite boards. After nearly 30 years, using developed foreign production technology and equipment, China's wall material industry began to embark on the road of multi-variety development, and initially formed a wall material system with blocks as the main body. For example, when the module B03 is connected, the module B03 is connected, and a high voltage is input to the module BO2, so that the module is connected. Input a high voltage to the AND module BO 1, the delay opening module B08, and the relay Q 1 to get a high voltage, and then pull it in and input it to the delay opening module BO9. After setting t =: 6: 00s+, BO9 outputs a high voltage, and the pull-in of relay Q2 works in turn until the time delay T=30:
00+, the connection module B 13 is connected. Make the last relay Q6 pull in.
When the master switch is switched to the manual position, the manual signal I2 and the clock control signal I 10 are simultaneously input to the AND modules 05 and B05 to output high voltage, and the OR modules B02 and B02 output high voltage, and the above work is repeated.
The delayed start module B08 plays the role of overtime protection, and the set time is t = 60: 00m+. When the circuit works over the set time, B08 outputs a high voltage to the non-module B07, B07 outputs a low voltage to the AND module B0 1, B0 1 outputs a low voltage so that the relay Q 1-Q6 cannot be closed, and the -—EL6 indicator lamp goes out.
When the ion concentration emitted by the sterilization equipment in the air exceeds the standard, the ion concentration sensor sends out a signal I 12 and inputs it to the non-module B 17. The non-module b 17 is turned on and outputs a low voltage to the and module B 16, which are respectively input to B0 1 and B 15. B 15 outputs a high voltage to the set terminal of the RS trigger B 14, and outputs a high voltage to the relay Q7 to turn on, and the indicator lamp EL7 emits light until the ion concentration returns to normal, and the circuit cannot work.
When the sterilization equipment in the circuit fails and one or more of the failure signals I 1, I3 and I5 appear, the AND module B 18 outputs a low voltage, and the AND module B 16 outputs a low voltage and sends it to the AND modules B0 1 and B15; They are; B0 1 output low voltage, and relay Q 1-Q6 cannot be pulled in. B 15 outputs a high voltage to the set end of the RS trigger B 14, and outputs the high voltage until Q7 is turned on, and the alarm indicator EL7 lights up until the fault is repaired. Press the reset key signal I7 to reset the trigger B 14, and the circuit works normally.
In order to detect the working state of sterilization equipment at any time and avoid changing the parameter settings of other modules in LOGO, a detection module B06 is designed independently. With the function of delay disconnection, when the test button S is pressed, the I2 signal is input to the delay disconnection module B06, and the t = 05:00m+ module B06 is turned on to output a high voltage, which is input to the AND module B02, which outputs a high voltage and input to the AND module B0 1. B0 1 output high voltage makes relay Q 1-Q6 attract. Under the test conditions, the sterilization equipment will work continuously for 5 minutes, and whether the sterilization equipment is faulty can be detected.
Conclusion LOGO is a mature circuit with stable performance and simple operation after long-term operation of sterilization equipment, which can be used for air pollution control in large places, warehouses and factories in similar situations. Concrete hollow block, paper plasterboard, fiber cement sandwich board, etc.
1.2 waterproof sealing material waterproof material is an important functional material needed by the construction industry and other related industries, and is an important part of the building materials industry.
Waterproof materials are out of the backward situation under the uniform hem of paper-based linoleum. At present, they have five categories of products: asphalt felt (including modified asphalt felt), synthetic polymer waterproofing membrane, building waterproof coating, sealing material, plugging material and rigid waterproof material. From 65438 to 0995, the output of new waterproofing membrane was 42 million square meters, accounting for about 5% of the output of waterproofing membrane. China has basically formed a waterproof material industrial system with complete varieties and matching product specifications and grades, and the development of technical equipment has begun to take shape. We basically have some varieties abroad.
1.3 Due to the universality of thermal insulation materials, thermal insulation materials are developing continuously. Before 1980s, the development of thermal insulation materials in China was very slow, and a few thermal insulation materials factories could only produce a small amount of expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, slag wool, superfine glass wool, microporous calcium silicate and other products.
By 1996, the national output was about 800,000 tons, including 200,000 tons of mineral wool, 40,000 tons of glass wool, 50,000 beans of foamed plastics, 6 million cubic meters of expanded perlite (including 450,000 tons) and 60,000 tons of other materials.
1.4 Decoration materials Building decoration materials are closely related to the improvement of people's living standards and living conditions, and are one of the building materials with great development potential. There are many varieties, and the replacement is very rapid.
Although the development of building decoration materials in China started late, the starting point was relatively high. From 65438 to 0995, the annual output value of decorative materials in China was about 40 billion yuan. 199 1- 1995, the annual growth rate of decoration materials in China is 30%. 1996 The output of main products is: wallpaper, wall 2 10/00000 square meters, plastic floor 36 million square meters, building paint 650000 tons, plastic pipe 90000 tons, plastic doors and windows nearly100000 square meters, and chemical fiber carpet 4.5 million square meters. At present, the decoration of three-star hotels is basically to help them produce, and 30%-40% of the decoration of four-star hotels can be self-sufficient.
The necessity of producing new building materials products Our country has a large population and relatively few per capita resources. For China, where per capita resources such as energy and cultivated land are only 1/4 of the world average, the coordinated development of national economy, society, resources and ecological environment is more important and urgent. At present, China's clay solid brick still accounts for nearly 80% of the total output of wall materials, and the problems of high energy consumption, land destruction and pollution are very serious. Each brick consumes 2.2 billion tons of clay resources, making bricks destroys about 6.5438+0.2 million mu of land, consumes 82 million tons of standard coal, and emits a lot of dust and carbon dioxide. Therefore, the development of organ newspaper building materials products is related to the implementation of China's sustainable development strategy and the healthy development of building materials industry.
The progress of construction industry requires not only the perfection of building quality and function, but also its beauty and harmlessness to human health. This requires the development of multifunctional and efficient new building materials and products. Only in this way can we meet the requirements of social progress. As the building materials industry with the strongest correlation with the construction industry, 70% of its products are used in the construction industry. The development of new building materials and products should be included in the architectural design and construction specifications, and the development of new building materials should be promoted by popularizing and applying new materials. Popularizing and applying new building materials not only has considerable social benefits, but also has remarkable economic benefits. For example, the cost of saving energy by using new thermal insulation materials in buildings is far greater than the increased cost of replacing clay solid bricks with new building materials. Therefore, developing new building materials and products is an important part of social progress and improving social and economic benefits.
3 Application and Suggestions of New Building Materials With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the application of new building materials is quite extensive, from the National Gymnasium to civil houses.
China Water Cube adopts a new ETFE membrane material which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. At present, commercial housing in various cities has mushroomed, and the new materials used in commercial housing mainly include some thermal insulation materials, waterproof coatings, mineral wool sound-absorbing boards and so on. Because people's consumption concept is constantly changing, new decoration materials are the materials that most people pursue, and the varieties of new decoration materials are even more varied, including decorative gypsum board, plastic profiles, doors and windows, plastic floors, wallpaper, wall covering and so on. These new building materials are also widely used in some hotels, guesthouses, theaters and so on.
Therefore, some suggestions for new building materials are put forward:
1, combining different regions and different building types, focusing on new wall materials, aiming at new products and technologies with market prospects, paying attention to using natural resources as little as possible, reducing energy consumption, and using gross income and waste as raw materials in large quantities; Try to adopt production technology that does not pollute the environment; Try to ensure that the product will not only harm human health, but also be beneficial to human health; Strengthen the development of multifunctional products with good social benefits.
2, combined with the local reality, select a number of basic cities and powerful new building materials and products production enterprise groups and bases for key development, and form large-scale new building materials and products enterprise groups and production bases with large production scale and strong supporting capacity. Combined with the pilot work of housing industrialization, we will do a good job in the development of new building materials and products in a number of cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin, and form a new material base with its own characteristics, reasonable leading products and product structure, and a certain scale and supporting capacity, which will play an exemplary role in other large and medium-sized cities across the country.
Conclusion To sum up, new building materials will be updated all the time, toxic materials will be reduced, and new green building materials will appear. Its application covers all walks of life. The development and application of building materials promote each other.
References:
[1] China Material Network "Situation Analysis and Prospect of New Building Materials Industry"