1. Theoretical paper: The main purpose is to explain the theory, method and principle of a certain discipline, which is abstract and universal.

2. Empirical thesis: With experiments, surveys and data as the main research methods, explore the laws, characteristics and trends of a specific problem or phenomenon.

3. Summative thesis: comprehensively and systematically review and summarize the research status, progress and shortcomings of a certain field or problem.

4. Applied thesis: The main purpose is to solve a specific practical problem and emphasize the combination of theory and practice.

According to the different writing forms, academic papers can be divided into the following categories:

1. Paper: It is a complete, systematic, independent thinking and innovative research achievement, which is generally divided into summary papers and empirical papers.

2. Special report: the research results of in-depth analysis and discussion on a certain issue.

3. Research report: summarize and report the results of a research project.

4. Book review: a review of a professional book.

According to the different publishing methods, academic papers can be divided into the following categories:

1. Journal papers: Papers published in various academic journals are classified according to disciplines.

2. Conference papers: Papers published at academic conferences are usually short and pithy.

3. Monographs: Monographs with a specific field or theme as the research object, usually written by one or several experts.

4. Dissertation: Thesis written for obtaining a degree, which can be divided into master's thesis and doctoral thesis.

According to different disciplines, academic papers can be divided into the following categories:

1, natural science papers: mainly study the laws and phenomena of nature, including mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology.

2. Social science papers: mainly study various phenomena, laws, problems and norms of human society, including philosophy, politics, sociology, economics, education, etc.

3. Engineering thesis: I mainly study the theory and application of various technical engineering, including computer science, electronic engineering and mechanical engineering.

4. Humanities papers: mainly study various phenomena and laws of human culture and spiritual world, including literature, history, art, linguistics, etc.