1. Present situation and development of railway;
Because of its inherent comprehensive advantages, the railway will become the backbone of the national comprehensive transportation system with all-weather, small land occupation, large volume, low energy consumption, high speed, good safety and high cost performance. Since 2008, China Railway has entered the era of high-speed railway. Communication signal is an important part of the four core technologies of high-speed railway, which is directly related to the construction and safe operation of high-speed railway. With the rise of high-speed railway, higher and new requirements are put forward for the safety and function of railway communication signals.
2. Introduction of microcomputer monitoring;
Railway signal microcomputer monitoring system is a special railway signal microcomputer monitoring equipment and an important tool for telecom maintenance and management. Signal microcomputer monitoring system uses the high-speed information processing ability of computer to realize uninterrupted, comprehensive and automatic real-time monitoring of signal equipment. It can obtain complete and continuous real-time data, avoid the interference and influence of human factors, improve the management quality of signal equipment and prevent potential accidents. At the same time, a large number of field data recorded by the equipment are very helpful to analyze the cause of the accident and understand the state of the equipment.
3. The basic functions of microcomputer monitoring:
3. 1 information collection
Main monitoring objects of microcomputer monitoring system:
3. 1. 1 external power grid monitoring;
Input phase voltage, line voltage, current, frequency, phase angle and power of external power grid.
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3. 1.2 power board output monitoring:
Output voltage, current, frequency and power of power board; 25Hz power supply output voltage phase angle; The intelligent power board is connected through an interface.
Monitoring accuracy: power supply voltage:1%; Current: 2%; Frequency: 0.5 Hz; ; Phase angle 65438 0% degrees; Strength: 1%
3. 1.3 Track circuit monitoring: n
AC continuous track circuit monitoring; Ac voltage and DC voltage of track relay; 25Hz phase-sensitive track circuit monitoring; AC voltage and phase angle at the track receiving end; Hump 2.3 track circuit monitoring; Working current of hump JWXC-2.3 track relay;
Monitoring accuracy: voltage:1%; Current: 3%; Phase angle: 1%
3. 1.4 point machine monitoring:
DC point machine monitoring; Action current, fault current and action time of the switch machine when the switch is switched; AC point machine monitoring; The action current, power and action time of the switch machine in the process of switch conversion. Hump ZD7 DC fast switch machine: operating current, fault current and operating time of the switch machine when the switch is switched.
3. 1.5 switch indication voltage monitoring:
Turnouts represent AC and DC voltages;
Monitoring accuracy: current: 2%, time ≤ 0.1s; Voltage:1%; Power: 2%
3. 1.6 signal monitoring:
Monitor the current in the train signal lighting circuit; The filament relay (DJ, 2DJ) of train signal works with alternating current. n
Monitoring accuracy: voltage1%; Current: 2%
3. 1.7 insulation leakage monitoring
3. 1.8 Cable insulation monitoring:
The cable core is insulated from the ground all the way; Monitor the leakage current of floor drain with power supply; The output power source leaks current to the floor drain.
Monitoring accuracy: insulation and leakage: 10%
3. 1.9 coding monitoring in the station: output voltage, emission current, carrier frequency and low frequency of the transmitter in the station.
3. 1. 10 centralized automatic blocking monitoring of insulation frequency shift;
Power output voltage, transmission current, carrier frequency and low frequency of the transmitter; The receiver is limited by voltage, frequency shift and low frequency.
Monitoring accuracy: voltage1%; Current: 2%, frequency: 0. 1Hz.
3. 1. 1 1 Uninsulated centralized frequency shift automatic block monitoring: n
Interval frequency shift transmitter sends voltage, current, carrier frequency and low frequency. Interval frequency shift receiver track access 1 (main track), track access 2 (small track) voltage, carrier frequency and low frequency. The interval frequency shift cable simulates the voltage at the network line side.
Monitoring accuracy: voltage1%; Current: 2%, frequency: 0. 1Hz.
3. 1. 12 semi-automatic blocking line voltage and current monitoring:
Monitoring accuracy: voltage1%; Current: 2%
3. 1. 13 Simulation monitoring of environmental conditions:
Ambient temperature of signal room, power board room, microcomputer room and TDCS vehicle terminal cabinet; Civil air conditioning voltage, current,
Power supply monitoring; Surface temperature monitoring of key equipment;
Monitoring accuracy: temperature: 65438 0℃, humidity: 3% RH, voltage: 65438 0%, current: 2%, power: 2%.
3. 1. 14 switch value monitoring function:
Button status, console status, key relay status, etc. Monitor the broken state of the main filament of the train signal and give an alarm; n
Monitor, record and alarm the main and auxiliary fuse conversion devices on the zero floor, the combination side and the console of the combination frame; Monitor, record and alarm the gap state indicated by the switch machine through the communication interface.
3.2 station machine
The station machine is the core of the station microcomputer monitoring system, and its main functions are:
3.2. 1 Display and storage:
By displaying and playing back the state diagram, the station diagram can be enlarged, reduced and displayed in full screen.
Real-time status display and historical query of switch value.
Real-time test table, daily report, daily curve, monthly curve and annual trend line of analog quantity.
Operating current curve of switch machine.
Operation records of console buttons, including train shunting, unpacking buttons and fault notification buttons.
Action times and schedules of key equipment, including the action times of switch machines; The number of times to use the Kaifeng button; Market segment share; The number of times the train and shunting buttons are used; The number of times the fault notification button is used, the number of times the train and shunting signals are turned on, etc.
Test table and change curve of leakage current of cable insulation and power supply to floor drain.
Track circuit shunt residual voltage report record.
Data processing and control
Import/export of configuration files and historical data.
Select multi-channel insulation for combination test.
Management and export of playback files.
Print management and export of curves and various reports.
Have the right to modify the benchmark parameters and alarm upper and lower limits.
Transmit all kinds of real-time data to the upper network (server, terminal), including switching value, analog value, alarm, early warning and various status and system information.
Receive and execute the command of the upper layer, and send response data to the upper layer network as needed.
3.2.3 Alarm and incident management
According to the predefined logic, realize the first, second and third level real-time alarm and early warning.
Sound and sound and light alarm.
Alarm and early warning historical information query.
Manual confirmation of important alarm.
Summary, statistics and analysis of equipment failures and alarms.
Records of system operation events, user operation events and historical queries.
TDCS/CTC system working status record and fault alarm.
Working state record and fault alarm of train control center system.
Computer interlocking working state record and fault alarm.
4. Specific failure analysis:
4. The1switch does not work normally:
When it is judged that the turnout should act but not act, or the action is not in place (starting from the action of the general fixed button or the general counter button)
), according to the' working principle' of the switch action circuit, judge the reason why the switch does not act:
The turnout section is locked; (according to the conditions of red and white belt and main guide lock); 1DQJ didn't suck; 2DQJ endless rotation; Switch operation power failure; The starting fuse is disconnected; Switch action circuit is open
4.2 Switch interruption shows that:
According to the measurement of the indicator voltage of the distributor, the AC and DC components of the indicator voltage of the turnout can be obtained. When the switch position is reversed or the switch indicating relay cannot be excited, we can analyze the fault points in the switch indicating circuit, such as indoor disconnection, outdoor disconnection, outdoor mixed line, diode short circuit, relay disconnection, capacitor disconnection, capacitor short circuit, indicating fuse, etc. , and guide the signalman to deal with the fault.
4.3 train signal can't be opened normally:
If there is no white light band, for the 6502 electric centralized equipment, according to the information collected by the button indicator lamp and the travel indicator lamp, the action program of the circuit is recorded, and the judgment range of the circuit fault is given through logical analysis. Mainly check whether the turnout on the approach road is normal, whether the track circuit section passing through the approach road is occupied or locked (including the inspection of the over-limit insulation section), and give a prompt when the above situation is abnormal.
If a white band appears and the signal cannot be turned on, the following conditions need to be checked:
For the pick-up signal and departure signal of the main line, check whether the signal is in a red light or disconnected state;
Pass the lighting state of the start button indicator light and signal relay, and judge whether the train signal relay is activated. Give a fault judgment prompt.
For the departure signal, the lighting information can be expressed according to different blocking systems (automatic blocking, semi-automatic blocking, inter-station communication and inter-field communication) in the departure interval, and whether the signal opening conditions are met can be checked and judged, and judgment prompts can be given.
4.4 Abnormal closing of train signal:
After the train signal is opened, the following three conditions are normally closed, and other conditions are abnormally closed.
The train occupies the inner section and the outer section of the signal in turn; The signal was cancelled; The signal is manually unlocked;
The monitoring system can check whether the turnout indication on the approach road is normal, and whether the track circuit section passing through the approach road is occupied or flashes red instantly (including over-limit insulation inspection). If the above situation is found abnormal, a prompt will be given. Check whether the signal is turned off because the filament is allowed to turn off the light; For the departure signal, it can also be judged whether the signal is abnormally closed due to the change of these conditions by continuously monitoring the conditions such as interval blocking state, interval connection and inspection.
4.5 Real-time analysis of track circuit:
Through the automatic tracking of the incoming train, it is judged that the track circuit is not well shunted when the train passes and an alarm is given; At the same time, it can be judged whether the red band of the track circuit section is abnormal (normal occupation or section failure). By comparing and analyzing the AC voltage and DC voltage at the receiving end of the track relay, the fault range can be judged.
For the section track circuit, a summary report is established, which shows the analog values of each point in the system test from the sending to the receiving loop, and points out the possible fault location by using the test values of each intermediate point, so as to facilitate the maintenance personnel to deal with the fault. The interface with other systems can obtain information from microcomputer interlocking, TDCS, train control, intelligent power board, intelligent filament and other systems according to standard protocols. According to standard protocols, information can also be provided to other systems.
Reference book:
Introduction to New Railway Signal Technology (Revised Edition)/Lin Yujun/China Railway Publishing House
TJWX-2000 Signal Microcomputer Monitoring System/Zhao/China Railway Publishing House
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