The Revolution of 1911 was a bourgeois democratic revolution that broke out in China in 19 1 1. It happened on the basis of the increasingly decadent Qing Dynasty, the further deepening of imperialist aggression and the initial growth of Chinese national capitalism. Its purpose is to overthrow the autocratic rule of the Qing Dynasty, save the nation from peril and strive for national independence, democracy and prosperity. This revolution ended China's two thousand years of absolute monarchy, and it was a great revolutionary movement. The Revolution of 1911 was a bourgeois democratic revolution in modern China. Politically and ideologically, it has brought immeasurable liberation to the people of China. The revolution has made the concept of democracy and harmony deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle, taking the Revolution of 1911 as a new starting point, was launched at a deeper level and in a wider scope.
The implementation of democratic political system in the Revolution of 1911 is of epoch-making historical significance to China.
The revolution overthrew the Manchu government and the feudal imperial power system in China for more than two thousand years, and established the first democratic republic in Asia-the Republic of China. All previous uprisings in China ended with one dynasty replacing another, but the Revolution of 1911 completely overthrew the monarchy and tried to establish a new political system-* * * harmony. Although the rules of democracy and peace were destroyed by the northern warlords to varying degrees many times, and even there was a brief restoration of monarchy, they could not fundamentally subvert the people and the state system. At that time, the successful revolutionaries in China didn't have a definite plan to govern the country, so they implemented the presidential system in accordance with the US Constitution and the American political system. Although due to the constraints of realistic social conditions and the rulers' contempt for the Constitution, for example, Sun Wen arbitrarily amended the Constitution of the Republic of China to restrain Yuan Shikai, who later suspended the Constitution because he proclaimed himself emperor, the democracy and system in the early years of the Republic of China were not really implemented, but this was the first time that China tried to implement democracy and regime, which promoted the spread of democracy and ideas in China and made democracy * * *.
The Revolution of 1911 liberated the productive forces economically and promoted the development of capitalist industrial enterprises.
With the social changes in China after the Revolution of 1911, and the fact that imperialism was busy with war during the Great War, the oppression of capitalism in China was alleviated, and a new wave of establishing capitalist industries appeared in China ethnic areas. First of all, as far as the number of enterprises is concerned, we only take Manchuria, North Korea and other northeast areas where China's ethnic minorities are concentrated (abundant, auspicious, black and hot) as examples. There are more than 600 new factories from 19 12 to 19 17, including 19 12. 19 13 contains10, 19 15, 19 16,1965433. After the Revolution of 1911, although the capitalist industries in ethnic areas are still dominated by bureaucratic capital, the origins and sources of funds of investors have undergone important changes. First, businessmen have accumulated commercial profits, and the situation of engaging in industry and mining has increased; Second, the bourgeois democratic revolutionaries invest in national industries; Third, overseas Chinese invest and set up industries in ethnic areas. After the Revolution of 1911, the patriotic enthusiasm of overseas Chinese was very high. While promoting the use of domestic products, they also invest in China. For example, overseas Chinese in Fujian launched the "urban modernization" movement and actively invested in public utilities. After the Revolution of 1911, the liberation of productive forces and the rise of national industries promoted the development of capitalist industrial enterprises in China.
The Revolution of 1911 was an ideological enlightenment, which made the concept of democracy deeply rooted in people's hearts.
In China Thought since Dong Zhongshu in Han Dynasty, the relationship between monarch and minister is the first of the "three cardinal guides and five permanents". The emperor is not only a political authority, but also an important basis and source of the legitimacy of many values in culture. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the imperial system, which not only broke the values and political thoughts of imperial politics, but also impacted the authority of many traditional values dominated by Confucianism in China, resulting in the overthrow of national nihilism thoughts such as Confucius and Mencius and "total westernization" in the subsequent New Culture Movement. The disappearance of cultural authority has also made this generation of intellectuals feel unprecedented anxiety. Therefore, a new value system with a complete system, such as anarchism, liberalism, the Three People's Principles and socialism (especially * * * productism with a clear process), has become the new belief of a large number of China intellectuals. During the Revolution of 1911, the promulgation of the Provisional Constitution marked the birth of the legal democratic system and laid the foundation for the idea of democracy and harmony. Since then, the people of China have gradually emancipated their minds, and the concept of democracy has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Therefore, the Revolution of 1911 was also an enlightenment trend.
The Revolution of 1911 promoted the unity of Chinese in Ma Xin and the rise of Chinese nationalism in Ma Xin.
After Sun Yat-sen took office as interim president in Nanjing on February 29th,19165438 Many centrists and royalists in Malaysia and Singapore turned to support Sun Yat-sen. After Wuchang Uprising, Chinese in Malaya and Singapore cut off their braids. On the other hand, under the call of the League and Sun Yat-sen, local Chinese also actively donated money to support the revolutionary movement. The League has carried out various publicity activities, such as reading books and newspapers, evening classes and theatrical performances, so that people from different dialects can work together for Sun Yat-sen's revolution and China people from different backgrounds have the opportunity to learn to understand each other and cooperate with each other to solve the problem. Through uninterrupted contact, the unity spirit and national consciousness of the people of China have been gradually strengthened and developed. 1909 The cluster society established in Daba is an organization that instills the idea of unity. Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thought brought new ideas to Malay Peninsula and Singapore, and impacted the traditional old society and tradition in China. The ideas of altruism, self-sacrifice, equality and freedom continue to spread. Encourage girls' schools and allow women to participate in social activities and the Sun Yat-sen Revolution. Since then, the Revolution of 1911 has also had a far-reaching impact on overseas Chinese.
The Revolution of 1911 has far-reaching historical significance for politics, economy, ideology and overseas Chinese. A few years before the Republic of China, intellectuals and revolutionary participants were still excited about the successful overthrow of Manchu in the Revolution of 1911, and spoke highly of the achievements of the Revolution of 1911. However, since democracy and democracy were not really implemented after the Revolution of 1911, people also reflected from different angles. In his letter 192 1 to Russian Foreign Minister Ruan Qilin, Sun Yat-sen mentioned that "now all my friends admit that my resignation was a huge political mistake", and Sun Yat-sen also charged in his will that "the revolution has not been successful, and comrades still need to work hard". After 1920, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party spoke highly of the Revolution of 1911. The Kuomintang regards Sun Yat-sen as the founding father of the Republic of China and the Revolution of 1911 as a successful revolution led by him, which is highly appraised. The Revolution of 1911 is the starting point of China's modern history and the most important key for China to develop into a democratic modern country.