Animal learning and memory is a hot topic in current ecology and behavior research. Due to the comparative study of learning performance and memory characteristics among parasitic wasp-related species, the influence of evolution and ecological factors on learning behavior and memory can be well clarified, and the molecular and cellular analysis of learning and memory process based on this model has become the frontier of modern behavioral ecology research. In this doctoral thesis, two kinds of parasitic bees, Apis fasciculata and Apis rubra, are used as materials. On the basis of analyzing the relationship between their differences in feeding behavior and the way of memory acquisition, a classical conditioned reflex experiment was set up. The transcription inhibitor D(actinomycin D (ACD) and translation inhibitor anisomycin (ANI) blocked long-term memory, while cold shock blocked short-term memory. Based on the different ways of oviposition learning of parasitic wasps, the learning and memory characteristics of these two related species of parasitic wasps were studied, and the following important results were obtained: (1) After one oviposition learning, two kinds of specific oviposition learning were carried out. The 24-hour memory retention of Tricholoma Taiwan Province can be completely inhibited by Actinomycetone D(ACD), a transcription inhibitor synthesized by protein, indicating that there is no difference between the treated Tricholoma Taiwan Province and parasitic bees that have not experienced oviposition, indicating that Tricholoma has formed a long-term memory that depends on protein synthesis after one oviposition experience.