From the research aspect: the special report can be regarded as a face. A paper can be a point. The content of the special report is the surface of the research, and the paper can discuss a certain point in the special research. The report should describe the main situation, main practices, experiences and effects of the research object, speak with data and materials, and strive to be informative and summarized.
From the content: the report is to state and reflect the facts, and the paper is to discuss the research results through scientific research. Papers must have their own opinions or conclusions, and reports can be omitted. The report should be more objective and state the facts and the whole situation; The thesis is subjective, so you can choose an argument that is beneficial to your own argument. Thesis is an advanced form of expression of scientific research achievements, and its academic nature is outstanding; The report is a general expression of scientific research results, with more emphasis on information. A thesis is to demonstrate a proposition, hypothesis or theory, and a report focuses on clearly explaining a thing or phenomenon. The paper should contain arguments, and then put forward arguments around the arguments to prove the arguments. The usual steps are: raising questions-analyzing problems-solving problems-demonstrating methods and conclusions. The social investigation report includes an overview, theoretical development, research methods, data analysis and results, discussion and extension, and conclusion.
Different functions: the report is more practical and the paper is more academic. The report evaluates the feasibility of the project through investigation, research and analysis of relevant factors, and puts forward constructive suggestions and countermeasures for decision makers and users; The purpose of this paper is to express theoretical research results or innovative opinions on phenomena and problems in an academic field.
Different audiences: Reports generally have specific readers, so in writing, it is often necessary to provide direct information and direction guidance for readers' decision-making and prediction according to their reading purpose and knowledge level, and pay more attention to comprehensive analysis and problem coverage when considering problems. However, the readership of newspapers is not as narrow as that of reports. Pay attention to combing the existing theories, standardize rigorous deductive verification methods and innovate their own opinions. In reasoning, it is generally one-sided deduction that strictly controls some factors, and generally points out the direction of further research.
Different depth: the report is more a statement of experience and facts, lacking theoretical support. Papers need to turn common phenomena into theories or laws, which is an academic achievement. This paper emphasizes the need for new methods or new ideas. This report can be an application of mature theory.