Based on the principles of scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, cathodoluminescence, electron probe, energy spectrum, fluorescence, inclusion and other analytical techniques, this paper systematically introduces the application of special reservoir analysis techniques in different exploration technical fields, expounds the application prospect of combining various special analysis techniques in oil generation threshold identification, establishing high-precision sequence stratigraphic framework and fine reservoir description, and lists the application effects of special analysis techniques in igneous rock exploration and reservoir protection. At the same time, it is pointed out that the application of special reservoir analysis technology in oil and gas exploration is still in the primary stage and needs further exploration.
Special reservoir analysis technology; Comprehensive evaluation of subtle oil and gas reservoir exploration
I. Introduction
With the development of instrument industry and the wide application of computer technology, the experimental analysis technology of petroleum geology has developed rapidly. In order to meet the needs of oil and gas exploration and development, a series of new reservoir analysis and testing techniques have been put forward and developed internationally in recent years, and some new progress has been made in experimental analysis techniques such as reservoir geochemistry, cathodoluminescence, inclusion, image processing, fractal technology, diagenetic mineral isotope and diagenetic simulation experiment. The experimental analysis technology of petroleum geological reservoirs in China maintains the advanced level in the world, and various analysis and test items are relatively complete. In addition to micro-infrared spectrum analysis technology, other advanced technologies are available in China, and some are still advanced in the world. In recent years, advanced analytical techniques, such as cathodoluminescence, inclusion, image analysis, electron probe and energy spectrum, have been actively introduced into the stratum room of Institute of Geological Sciences of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau, and applied to reservoir oil and gas exploration and reservoir protection research, forming a set of comprehensive reservoir evaluation techniques and reservoir protection techniques, which have provided many valuable research results for oil and gas exploration and development.
Figure 1 Technical Method Diagram of Reservoir Production Test and Analysis
Reservoir experimental analysis technology includes conventional analysis technology, special analysis technology and matching or selective analysis technology (Figure 1). Conventional analysis can only meet the requirements of regional exploration. If reservoir description and comprehensive research are carried out, special analysis items must be carried out.
Second, X-ray diffraction analysis technology
The basic principle of X-ray diffraction is to identify the types of minerals by determining the crystal spacing. X-ray diffraction is the most important analysis method for fine clay minerals and minerals that change greatly or even beyond recognition. The application of X-ray diffraction analysis technology in petroleum geology research and oil and gas exploration includes not only qualitative and quantitative analysis of clay minerals, but also calculation of mixed layer ratio, whole rock X-ray diffraction and quantitative analysis.
1. Calculation of mixed layer ratio
The so-called mixed layer ratio refers to the percentage of montmorillonite content in mixed layer minerals I/S (illite/montmorillonite) or C/S (chlorite/montmorillonite). Because the conversion reaction of organic matter to hydrocarbon is obviously corresponding to the dehydration reaction of montmorillonite to illite in source rocks, the thermal evolution degree of organic matter can be inferred by using the diagenetic conversion characteristics of mudstone clay minerals, and the diagenetic stages can be divided, the ground temperature can be estimated, the reservoir can be predicted and the threshold of oil generation can be judged.
Fig. 2 Relationship between permeability of low permeability reservoir and montmorillonite content
2. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of whole rock X-ray diffraction
X-ray diffraction clay analysis technology is mainly used to study diagenesis and infer oil and gas evolution, and also used to study oil and gas reservoir protection in oil and gas exploration and development. Clay minerals in clastic reservoirs are the main source of reservoir damage. The sensitivity damage caused by clay minerals to reservoirs includes water sensitivity and speed sensitivity. Through comparative study, it is found that water sensitivity damage is the main factor causing sensitivity damage of low permeability reservoirs (permeability is less than 50× 10-3μm2). The water-sensitive strength mainly depends on the absolute content of montmorillonite, an expansive clay mineral in the reservoir (Figure 2), and has little correlation with other physical parameters of the reservoir. The discovery of this law is helpful to accurately predict the potential sensitivity of low permeability reservoirs, and then take effective protection measures to realize low-damage or even no-damage exploration and development of low permeability reservoirs.
Three, scanning electron microscope analysis technology
Scanning electron microscope bombards a solid sample with an electron beam with a certain energy, so that the electrons interact with the sample, and then collects, processes and images with the help of a special detector, so that the ultra-micro morphology, structure and element composition of the sample can be intuitively understood. Under scanning electron microscope, rock minerals have the characteristics of three-dimensional graphics, high resolution and large depth of field, which can provide the following geological information for the study of reservoirs and diagenesis: particle size, sorting, rounding, cement content, pore distribution and its content; Determine the type and shape of autogenous cement and its distribution in pores; Determine the pore type and geometric shape of rocks and judge the reservoir performance; Timely secondary judgment on improving the level; Judgment of dissolution and metasomatism, etc.
Scanning electron microscope can visually and qualitatively observe the particle size and pore characteristics of rocks, but how to quantify the observed particle size and pore information is a technical problem to be solved urgently. Through technical research in recent years, the author has successfully developed quantitative analysis technology of reservoir granularity parameters and porosity parameters. Its principle is to use computer technology to binarize the scanning electron microscope image to get the parameters of particles and porosity, and then draw the curves of porosity and particle size distribution. This technical achievement is the first in the national scanning electron microscope analysis industry, and its application prospect is broad.
Four. Cathodoluminescence technology
Cathodoluminescence is a kind of fluorescence produced by bombarding a sample with accelerated electrons emitted by a cathode ray tube, which converts electric energy into optical radiation and emits light, that is, the accelerated electrons generated by the cathode ray tube are excited. Its applications in petroleum geology and oil and gas exploration are as follows.
1. Judge the provenance and determine the nature of the parent rock.
The luminescent characteristics of the time are formed during the formation of the parent rock, which represents the temperature conditions of rock formation. However, the time-dependent particles have three luminescent types: purple, brown and non-luminescent, and the three different luminescent types reflect the time of three different causes.
Through the analysis of Well Boshen 4, Well Lin 95, Well Pile Depth 1 Well Yang 5, it can be known that the timely luminescence of deep reservoir debris in Bonan sag, Nanlin sag and Weibei sag of Shengli Oilfield is generally brown and light brown, and the formation of brown time has two temperature conditions, one is above 573℃, and the other is 300 ~ 573℃. Secondly, sporadic timely particles in Well Lin 82 and Well Lin 45- 1 1 emit purple light, and their parent rocks are Mesozoic extrusive rocks.
2. Infer the sedimentary environment, study all kinds of diagenesis, and divide it into rock sequences and stages.
(1) Inferring the change of sedimentary environment
According to research, the luminous intensity and color of carbonate are controlled by the ratio of [Fe2+]/[Mn2+]. When [Fe2+]/[Mn2+] is less than 0.5, it appears yellow; When the ratio of [Fe2+]/[Mn2+] is 0.5 ~ 1, it appears orange. When the ratio of [Fe2+]/[Mn2+] is 1 ~ 2, it is orange-brown. When the ratio of [Fe2+]/[Mn2+] is 2 ~ 10, it is brown-dark brown; When [Fe2+]/[Mn2+] is greater than 10, it will not emit light. Combined with the study of element geochemistry, the ratio of [Fe2+]/[Mn2+] is one of the indicators to judge the paleoenvironment, and different ratios represent different paleosedimentary environments. Oolitic particles were found in the sections of 38,765,438+0.00 m samples from Well Lin 82, and the oolitic nuclei were cuttings. With the change of environment, the composition and luminous characteristics of oolitic rings also change, and the color and brightness of cathodoluminescence are also different. The color of the oolitic circle from the inside out is bright yellow-yellow brown-brownish red, and the brightness is bright-dark. Fe ~ (2+) is not easy to migrate, and Mn ~ (2+) is easy to migrate. The change of oolitic color reflects the change process of the distance between the sediment and the shore, and may also be related to the advance and retreat of the lake during deposition.
(2) Infer the change of salinity after formation water deposition.
According to the characteristics of diagenetic evolution sequence of carbonate rocks in Bonan Depression, early calcite (brownish yellow)-late calcite (bright yellow)-iron-bearing calcite (brownish yellow)-dolomite (rose red)-ankerite (no light) reflects the change of paleosalinity from high to low in sedimentary-early diagenetic-late diagenetic environment.
3. Used to identify secondary pores.
When there are intergranular pores in clastic rocks, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish and confirm whether they are primary pores or secondary pores. For example, pores filled with calcite, dolomite or other minerals, in the process of diagenesis, all or most of the cements are dissolved, and the secondary intergranular pores formed are sometimes difficult to distinguish from the primary intergranular pores under the conventional microscope, while under the cathodoluminescence microscope, as long as there is a little calcite residue at the grain edge, it can be found. Therefore, if calcite, dolomite, siderite and other residual cements can be seen at the grain edge, it can be inferred that it is a secondary pore.
The edge of the timely debris in rock samples is irregular or serrated, so it can be clearly distinguished whether it is caused by metasomatic dissolution or local amplification caused by cathode ray luminescence. The former forms secondary pores and the latter is reduced primary pores.
4. Study on crystal growth zone and cement formation.
The application of cathodoluminescence microscope can solve the cementation formation of carbonate and study its ring structure.
5. Restore the original rock structure
After diagenesis transformation, a series of changes will take place in rocks, often changing the original structure of rocks. Cathodoluminescence microscope can reproduce the structure of original rock to some extent.
6. Study on structural microcracks.
The study of rock fractures is an important part of reservoir research, and many fractures are unclear due to the transformation of diagenesis. Cathodoluminescence microscope can clearly observe the development of cracks, including the size, width and filling of cracks, especially the cross relationship and formation order of multiple groups of cracks.
Five, electron probe and energy spectrum analysis technology
Electron probe is a large precision instrument for analyzing the surface morphology and composition of substances. Under the bombardment of electron beam, the wavelength and energy of X-ray produced by different elements are different. By measuring the chemical composition of minerals, electron probe spectrometer and energy spectrometer can accurately determine the types of minerals. The analysis area of electron probe is small, and the electron beam spot can be arbitrarily selected in the range of 1 ~ 100 micron. It is an extremely effective identification method for fine-grained mineral and vein analysis and composition analysis of fine-grained samples. Electron probe can directly determine the composition of the sample on the optical sheet. Point, line and surface analysis can be carried out on fine minerals in thin slices. Usually, energy spectrum analysis is combined with scanning electron microscope observation, that is, by detecting the energy intensity of characteristic X-rays of elements, the elements are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. At the same point, the energy spectrometer can detect various elements at the same time and display them on the fluorescent screen, giving the spectra of various elements. The higher the content, the higher the spectral peak, and vice versa. The spectrum is intuitive.
The application of electron probe spectroscopy and energy spectrum analysis technology in petroleum geology is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) combining with cathodoluminescence microscope, the luminescence principle of minerals can be revealed; Combined with X-ray diffraction analysis, the chemical composition of various clay minerals can be accurately identified. It can also accurately identify zeolite minerals and accurately identify the components of paleontology, rock-forming minerals and authigenic minerals.
Take the 3090.5m sample of Luo 15 1 well in Luojia area of Zhanhua Depression as an example. The lithology of the sample is medium-fine diabase with microstrip plagioclase. The surface analysis of specific elements K, Na and Ca in the micro-area is carried out, and the determination results are shown in Figure 3. From Figure 3, we can intuitively see the distribution pattern of element areas. The outer layer is orthoclase (surface distribution of potassium element), the middle layer is calcium-containing plagioclase (surface distribution of calcium and sodium element), and the innermost layer is iron-containing silicon-aluminum mineral, which is similar to chlorite, that is, from the center to the edge of feldspar, calcium ions gradually decrease and sodium ions gradually increase. On the one hand, it shows that the formation of feldspar took a long time; On the other hand, it shows that magma is alkaline at the beginning of crystallization of minerals, and then gradually transits to acidity. At the same time, it shows that the magma cools for a long time and the crystals formed are often coarse. If there is fault cutting in the later stage, formation water will easily dissolve crystals, forming oil and gas reservoirs with fractures and dissolved pores as the main storage space, such as igneous oil and gas reservoirs in Shang 74 1 block of Shanghe Oilfield.
Fig. 3 Distribution of analytical elements on the surface of 3090.50m-long feldspars in Luoluo 15 1 Well.
Fluorescence microscopic analysis technology of intransitive verbs
The working principle of fluorescence microscope is that ultraviolet light is used as the light source, and the organic matter and asphaltene contained in the thin sample will be excited to emit fluorescence. According to the luminescent characteristics of the sample and the relationship between luminescent substances and rock structure, the type, maturity, effective storage space and oil and gas migration of organic matter can be judged. The application of fluorescence thin slice analysis technology in oil and gas exploration include.
1. Evaluation of source rocks
Fluorescence microscope can provide data for studying the type, morphology, kerogen maturity and source of organic matter, so as to evaluate source rocks.
2. Study the direction and time of oil migration.
Studying the migration direction of hydrocarbons under fluorescence microscope mainly depends on the comparison of longitudinal or transverse variation data of luminous intensity (representing hydrocarbon content). As long as the formation time of pores is determined, the migration time of oil can be studied in combination with the luminescence range.
3. Judge the effectiveness and oil content of the reservoir space.
Take carbonate rocks as an example. The basis for determining the effectiveness of carbonate reservoir space is as follows: ① fractures are seepage channels, while holes are often reservoir spaces; (2) Whether the matrix around the fracture hole contains oil has nothing to do with oil production; (3) The bituminous substance in the latest storage space is the most effective; (4) If there are third-generation fillings in the crevice fillings, only the first-generation and second-generation fillings filled in the early stage contain oil, which is invalid.
Oil-bearing regularity of carbonate rocks: ① The luminous quality of secondary effective fractures and pores is closely related to oil production, and oil can be produced in fractures and pores, but oil can not be produced without oil and matrix oil; (2) There is oil along the secondary effective fractures and caves, and the wider the impregnation into the matrix, the more color halos and the brighter the color, the better, indicating that high-yield oil flow can be obtained; ③ Whether the substrate glows or not has nothing to do with oil production. The matrix emits light, cracks and holes do not emit light, and the matrix does not emit light, but cracks and holes can still produce oil.
4. Judge the oil-water interface
Generally speaking, the rock samples in the reservoir profile have good luminescence, and the pores all contain oil. The impregnation luminescence of suture, intergranular pores, intergranular pores and crystal cleavage joints is good. The luminescence of the interval near oil and water is uneven, the matrix luminescence is poor, and some pores glow; However, cracks and rocks in water samples do not emit light. According to the vertical change of oil content, the oil-water layer interface can be judged.
5. Application of fluorescence thin slice analysis technology in oil and gas exploration in Hetian exploration area, Xinjiang.
Fluorescence characteristics and oil-bearing analysis of (1) reservoir
Due to the long-term weathering, leaching and oil evaporation of outcrop oil samples in Hetian exploration area, most of the light petroleum components stored in rock fractures are taken away or volatilized. Observing these outcrop samples with fluorescence microscope to judge whether they were once oil-bearing rocks, the main purpose is to find the asphalt traces left by oil-bearing rocks, that is, color, brightness and whether there is color fluorescence. Based on this, it can be inferred that the timely sandstone and Aqi dry limestone of Kalao I Formation of Middle Carboniferous, the lithic sandstone of Pusige Formation of Permian and the dolomite of Keziliman Formation are favorable reservoirs of Carboniferous-Permian.
(2) Characteristics and maturity judgment of source rocks
Generally speaking, a good source rock must meet three conditions: ① there are a lot of organic residues in the rock, and the higher the abundance of organic residues, the greater the potential for generating oil and gas; ② The organic matter quality of sapropelic kerogen is good, and its hydrocarbon generation ability is stronger than humic kerogen; ③ Maturity of source rocks. In addition, the fluorescence intensity generated in shallow immature samples is large, and the luminescence intensity of main oil-generating zones is weakened by excluding some hydrocarbons. Dry gas band has no fluorescence display.
Characteristics of source rocks in Hotan exploration area: ① The lithology is mudstone, sandy mudstone and calcareous mudstone (excluding carbonate rocks); (2) The three kinds of lithology all contain organic matter in different degrees, and the organic matter exists in two states. One is layered filaments, which are long and scattered or concentrated in layers, mainly distributed in mudstone and sandy mudstone, and the other is granular and scattered or dispersed in matrix; ③ According to the residual situation of organic matter, the content of organic matter is generally 4% ~ 20%; ④ The luminous color of organic residues is mainly dark orange-brown, with a little orange-yellow, which is colloid and asphaltene asphalt (Table 1).
Table 1 Characteristics of Source Rocks in Hotan Exploration Area
According to the above analysis, the abundance of primary organic matter residue in Hetian exploration area is not ideal, and its fluorescence color shows that the organic matter has reached high maturity, but the residual organic matter is heavy asphalt, and the organic matter has fully expelled hydrocarbons, making a great contribution. If thicker source rocks are found, although the abundance is not high, they can also have exploration prospects.
Seven, inclusion analysis technology
Inclusions are solids, liquids or gases enclosed in defects, holes or secondary microcracks in mineral crystals during or after the growth of diagenetic minerals. Inclusion analysis technology can be applied to oil and gas exploration and research in the following aspects: ① to restore paleogeothermal and reshape thermal history; ② Study diagenetic environment and diagenetic history; ③ Study the evolution history of pores; ④ Determine the relative time and direction of oil and gas migration; ⑤ Study the nature and source of oil and gas field water, and determine the conditions of oil and gas migration.
Deep oil and gas exploration is a hot spot, but it is also a difficult point. In recent years, in cooperation with deep oil and gas exploration, researchers in stratigraphic chamber have made beneficial exploration and research in this regard by using the special analysis technology of inclusions, and achieved some understanding and results.
1. Determine the depth of oil damage and predict the favorable depth of natural gas exploration.
The oil damage temperature is118 ~121℃. Inclusions in this temperature range are found at 3150m in Weibei sag and 3600m in Bonan area. These two depths represent about the depth of oil damage in two depressions, and above these two depths is exploration. Therefore, the target of deep natural gas exploration in Weibei sag is below 3600 meters, which has been confirmed by exploration and inclusion composition. The molar percentage of methane in the inclusion of sample 3 157m in Chang 67 well in Weibei depression is 19.9%, and that in the inclusion of sample 370 1.08m in Yang 5 well is 43.9% and 57.6%, respectively, indicating that with the increase of depth, the deeper the reservoir damage, the more methane content gradually increases.
2. Determine the oil and gas exploration potential at a certain depth.
There is no oil and gas display below 3900 meters in Well Yang 5 in Weibei Depression. Is there no advantage or momentum? From the gas-liquid inclusions in the 4244m fracture of Well Yang 5, it can be explained that the strata below this depth contain a large number of C 1 ~ C4 hydrocarbons, and the inclusions or gases always migrate from bottom to top, which proves that the oil-generating parent materials below 4244m have high oil-generating capacity. If good reservoir rocks can be found in the deep part of Weibei depression, this kind of reservoir sandstone may have good oil and gas storage capacity.
3. Presume the evolution history of the basin.
The paleogeothermal measured by 4244m inclusions in Well Yang 5 in Weibei Depression is 65438 068℃, and the measured bottom-hole temperature is 65438 039℃, with a difference of 29℃. According to the calculation, the minimum geothermal gradient in Weibei sag is 3.39℃/ 100 m, and the maximum geothermal gradient is 3.7℃/ 100 m. Compared with the current depth, the calculated relative uplift height or paleoerosion thickness is 855 m or 765 m. In addition, well Yang 5 is 3701.. The homogenization temperature of early calcite inclusions and late calcite inclusions is 164℃, while that of late calcite inclusions is 153℃, with a difference of 1 1℃. This also shows that after the formation of cracks, the whole Weibei sag gradually rose and did not begin to sink until after the Late Tertiary.
Application of special reservoir analysis technology in igneous reservoir exploration
Intrusive rocks in Jiyang Depression are mainly distributed in the third member of Shahejie Formation in Shanghe and Luojia areas, and intrude into dark mudstone, shale and marl. According to the thin section observation, the rock structure is diabase and gabbro. The main components of X-ray diffraction analysis are plagioclase and pyroxene, and the secondary components are pyrrhotite and biotite minerals. Due to the different heat dissipation rates in different parts of the rock mass and the influence of crystallization differentiation, the crystals in the center of the rock mass are coarse and the feldspar content is high. The content of CaO in rocks is 8.7% ~ 9.9%, Al2O3 is 14.57% ~ 15.7%, FeO+Fe2O3 is10.25% ~1.79%, Na2O. It can be seen that the oxide content of calcium, iron and aluminum in rocks is high. According to ICP elemental spectrum analysis, the content of cation Fe in diabase is 6.9 1% ~ 10.22%, Mg is 2.43%, al is 7.4% ~ 7.30%, Na is 2.77%, K is 4.34%, and Ca is 5.6 1%. After the intrusive rocks are in place, the minerals formed at high temperature become unstable under the influence of tertiary water medium, or become amphibolite petrochemical, Dingyi petrochemical, clayey, carbonate and so on. Finally, it becomes an altered clay mineral or carbonate which is stable under the condition of low temperature water medium. According to the current laboratory analysis data, the types of these clay minerals are basically similar to those in tertiary sandstone pores, but their contents are quite different, which constitutes a special clay mineral combination of igneous rocks. Through thin section observation and X-ray diffraction analysis, the altered clay minerals are chlorite, illite/montmorillonite mixed layer, illite and kaolinite. The total content of clay minerals is 15% ~ 24%, the main clay minerals are chlorite and illite interlayer minerals, the relative content of chlorite is 37% ~ 47%, the mixed layer of illite is 25% ~ 4 1%, other illite is 0 ~ 23%, and kaolinite is12. The intrusive rock mass itself is dominated by fractures and pores, with relatively developed fractures in the marginal and transitional facies belts and relatively poor fractures in the central facies belt. Primary cracks, that is, cleavage cracks develop when the jointed surrounding rock is mudstone relative to other lithology (such as marl); The fracture ratio of fault active zone is far from the development of fracture (for example, the fracture ratio of Shang 743 well is developed in Luo 15 1 well). In the fracture-developed area, dissolution pores are developed, especially the matrix near the fault is easily affected by acidic water medium, forming dissolution pores and caves. On the other hand, if the fractures in each phase zone of intrusive rock mass are equally developed, the dissolved pores in the central phase zone are the most developed.
In the process of emplacement, a large amount of heat energy carried by intrusive rocks will form a contact metamorphic zone around it, and chemical reactions will occur between minerals, and low-density mineralization will synthesize high-density minerals. According to the analysis of electron probe and X-ray diffraction, this high-density mineral is garnet, and the formation of garnet will inevitably reduce the solid volume per unit volume of rock and increase the effective porosity. The thin section of the casting shows that this pore is the intergranular pore of garnet, and its rocks have changed from sedimentary rocks to contact metamorphic rocks, such as Luo 15 1, Luo 152 and Luo 158. The porosity measured by physical properties is 25% ~ 36%, and its reservoir physical properties are equivalent to Guantao Formation sandstone reservoir, and the single well production is15 ~ 90t/d. The formation of this contact metamorphic rock reservoir requires two basic conditions: ① there must be high-energy intrusive rocks; (2) Magma must invade calcareous mudstone and argillaceous limestone, so as to make them metamorphic and produce effective pores. Therefore, in the future exploration of contact metamorphic rock reservoirs, we should not only look for igneous rocks, but also look for large-scale and regional marl distribution areas (that is, when marl distribution areas invade diabase), so that it is possible to find such contact metamorphic rock reservoirs. The discovery of contact metamorphic rock reservoir in Jiyang depression fills the gap in the discovery of similar reservoirs at home and abroad, and provides a basis for finding such special reservoirs in the future.
Nine, exploration well sandstone reservoir conventional geological parameters and sensitivity prediction technology
In order to avoid the damage to the reservoir in the drilling process of exploratory wells, the author developed a software for predicting the conventional geological parameters and sensitivity of sandstone reservoirs in exploratory wells, and realized the prediction of the conventional geological parameters and sensitivity parameters of exploratory wells. The realization of this prediction is based on three research results: ① A 50MB reservoir protection database was established within two years, and the oil was divided into dozens of blocks according to the distribution of data planes in the database, and the vertical variation law and trend of parameters were found according to the blocks; (2) Through the correlation study, determine the relationship between diagenesis, sensitivity damage index and various parameter values that may be caused by various mineral components, and establish a model; (3) The forecasting software is compiled. The prediction method is as follows: firstly, according to the coordinates of the exploratory well to be predicted, the software coding block (homogeneous block established according to database parameter regression) to which the exploratory well to be predicted belongs is determined, and the parameters are predicted by the software developed based on the regression equation of each block. The predicted parameters are mainly lithology and physical properties, totaling 24 items. According to the predicted 24 parameters, we can also predict sensitive parameters and related critical values which are important for protecting oil and gas reservoirs.
Compared with the actual analysis data of 8 exploration wells, it is found that the predicted parameters are basically consistent with the measured parameters, and the accuracy rate is 70%. Since June 1998+00, the conventional geological parameters and sensitivity of exploration wells have been predicted, and more than 90 exploration wells have been predicted. This work saves a lot of expenses needed for actual measurement and has remarkable economic benefits.
X. conclusion
From the above analysis, it can be seen that reservoir special analysis technology and reservoir sensitivity prediction technology play a very important role in oil and gas field exploration and development, and their application prospects are very broad. However, it should also be noted that due to the short introduction time of cathodoluminescence, electron probe and energy spectrum, inclusions and other analytical technologies, they are still in the early and middle stages of technical development, and their application in oil and gas exploration is in the exploratory stage, and the application effect is not significant enough. This is related to the short development time of technology and the limitations of reservoir microscopic analysis technology. Only the organic combination of reservoir micro-spatial analysis technology and macro-analysis technology can achieve remarkable exploration results and benefits.