1. transliteration: Translate directly into Chinese vocabulary according to the pronunciation of the original language vocabulary. For example, Chinese translation rules stipulate that non-traditional Chinese characters should be translated directly, such as Sri Lanka, new york, former Soviet leader Stalin (сталин) and Sofa.

2. transliteration+class name: ballet, truck, jeep.

3. Transliteration+free translation: Marxism, "Ka"

4. Free translation by using the characteristics of Chinese characters: there are two kinds of foreign words: the first is pure Chinese free translation words, that is, Chinese free translation words, such as "TV"; The second is foreign words from Japanese, such as "telephone". There doesn't seem to be much difference between them, and there is little difference between them and Chinese free translation words.

5. Use abbreviated English letters directly, such as CPI, WTO and ECFA.

Extended data loanwords, also known as loanwords, refer to words borrowed by one language from other languages. There are five main forms of loanwords: transliteration, meaningful transliteration, combination of transliteration and free translation, direct borrowing and pure free translation.

Chinese loanwords usually refer to transliteration words from foreign languages, which are mainly formed in two forms, one is pure transliteration, such as coffee, and the other is transliteration+free translation, such as beer. Japanese loanwords borrowed directly from written form are usually regarded as Chinese loanwords, such as photo and story. Since the reform and opening up, a large number of Chinese loanwords have emerged, and these loanwords have become new members of Chinese loanwords and developed rapidly.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Loanwords