It stands to reason that Central Asia and Northwest China are far away from the ocean and live inland, and are less nourished by water vapor from the ocean. Coupled with strong sunshine, strong wind and strong evaporation, the desert is widely distributed, but northern Xinjiang is a bit unique. The unique topography and high average elevation of the basin with two mountains and one basin make the Junggar Basin form a "warm lake" with high temperature in winter, and the northern slope of the northern Tianshan Mountain brings sufficient precipitation due to the windward slope of the winter wind and the quasi-static front formed by it. The combination of damp and heat makes the landscape difference between the north and the south of Tianshan Mountain obvious, thus making Tianshan Mountain an important geographical dividing line.

It is precisely because the water resources on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain are relatively rich that the vegetation coverage on the ground is higher than that on the southern slope. In addition, the Tarim basin to the south of Tianshan Mountain is closed in topography, with little precipitation, abundant sunshine and vigorous evaporation. Therefore, vegetation is scarce, and there are more mobile and semi-mobile sand dunes (mainly distributed on the edge of oasis with relatively more vegetation).

Besides vegetation, wind is also a factor to be considered. Influenced by the Siberian high in Mongolia, the wind is strong in winter in northwest China. Due to the direction and distance between Altai Mountain and Tianshan Mountain, the wind power in northern Xinjiang basin is not as good as that in southern Xinjiang, and the wind power in southern Xinjiang mountain pass is better. Do you remember? The scene of the train being overturned by the wind.