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How to quickly conceive a composition
How to add elements to the composition idea and examine the questions

Sometimes the composition questions are very confusing. For example, Shanghai's college entrance examination composition topic is a word: "busy", and another year is also a word: "miscellaneous". How does one judge a problem? How to write without reviewing the questions? Since the emergence of the essay topic' Miscellaneous' in Shanghai College Entrance Examination, many front-line teachers have noticed the difficulty in examining the essay topic due to the small number of words and incomplete elements, and put forward some countermeasures: increasing the examination method of elements, that is, increasing the examination method of content elements, so that the composition topic structure is more complete, the content is more perfect and the meaning is more revealed. For example, the topic "Applause" is incomplete in structure and expression. At first glance, I don't know how to write. If place elements or character elements are added to the topic to make it "applause in class" or "applause from students", the scope of writing will be basically clear; If you add an event element to the topic, it will become "applause in class makes her more courageous" or "applause from classmates encourages me to continue my efforts" and so on. In this way, the topic will be particularly clear, and the writing object, writing scope and writing focus will be clear at a glance. Another example is fancy. You can also use the method of supplementing elements to examine the topic. If you add content elements to the title, it will become gaudy, gaudy, his perseverance is so tenacious, gaudy, I am so lucky, gaudy, she has surpassed me, and so on. If you use supplementary elements to examine the questions, there is no difficulty. When using this method, we should pay attention to the following two points: First, the supplementary content should be based on the established elements in the topic. After the supplement, check whether it is consistent with the original intention and whether the connection is smooth. If the meaning of the question is out of shape, it will violate the principle of "supplementary element method" For example, clapping without clapping in class is obviously quite different from the original question. Second, if you have the choice of supplementary content, you should choose the content that you are most familiar with and can control. Take "desire" as an example. Desire is a word. The title composed of such a unique word, its content is not perfect, and its meaning is not obvious. The method of adding elements should be used in the examination of questions, and the elements of people and things can be added before and after the questions. That is, it is clear: who wants it? What do you want? For example, I am eager to get a computer. She is eager to get the love of her parents, her classmates are eager to go into nature, and the villagers are eager to eat tap water ... After this supplement, the title of "Desire" is clear, and the writing object, scope and focus are established. This is a short article by Wang Libin, a student in Hebei Province: I long for spring. The sky is blooming again. One by one, clusters, like a little girl's face ... Seeing these, I can't help thinking of her-my good friend Ping. That afternoon. I went to find her. She works as a child laborer in a factory on the stage and lives in an old building facing the street. I walked a dark and narrow flight of stairs. Came to her cabin. She is not here, and the room is empty. There is only a square table, a small stool and a bed. Nothing in the room is very clean. Only the small locked box on the table of the Eight Immortals is polished. Maybe it's something precious in it! "Cheep-"The door opened. It is a good friend-Ping who comes in from the outside. I stood up, only to find that her hair was unkempt, her eyes were sunken and her face was sallow and emaciated. The former style has been swept away. She is very happy to see me. Said something unimportant and then smiled at me. I asked bluntly, "What's in that little box?" She smiled mysteriously and then locked the small one down. Say, "Desire." Her face is a little ugly. "Desire?" I've never heard of longing for such a thing. She opened the lid of the small box. There is her classmate's graduation photo. Next is the book I gave her last time. "Oh, what's this ... what does this mean?" "Think for yourself." Then, she stopped talking. This graduation photo pushed open the floodgates of my memory. The class cadres in our class are average, excellent in study and noble in moral character, which are recognized by teachers and classmates. But when she was in junior high school, because her father died unfortunately, her family owed a lot of money, and her mother asked her to drop out of school. "Ping. Listen to your mother, stop talking, and make money with Fang! Her mother's words have been ringing in my ears. I remember she didn't say anything at that time, just looking at the beautiful campus, looking back while walking, with tears in her eyes. I walked a long way and kept looking back ... Later I heard that she had worked as a child laborer, and my classmates and teachers felt sorry for her-look! There is another "little star" missing on campus ... I suddenly asked her, "Why did you borrow books from me? Do you see it? What's the use? She said: "I am eager to read, because books give me strength and happiness." "She also said that she secretly reads books every day. She firmly believes that knowledge is the most precious thing in the world besides time. She said it once. She secretly read books during office hours, and the boss found out that she was going to be fired. She begged, and the boss fined her two months' salary, but she was afraid to tell her mother. So she worked the night shift for two months. Only four hours of sleep every day. After that, she was ill for a week. Yes It was money that made her like this. I can't help but sigh: money, a knife that kills people without seeing blood! A pure heart, so you ruined it. Finally, Ping told me with tears that she once wanted to die. It was knowledge that gave her strength, and books were her spiritual pillar, which made her survive strongly. Ah, all those who look at money, wake up! Stop hurting the next generation of the motherland! This is the voice of all dropouts and their greatest wish. Now, I finally understand what she meant by longing ... When Wang Libin was examining the questions, she added at least the following elements: Who yearns: What does the host yearn for fairly? She wants to continue studying. With these two elements, the train of thought of this paper is roughly available. The following is nothing more than talking about how she yearned for it-being punished for studying, keeping her classmate graduation photo, and the book "I" gave her ... The title was properly examined and the content was well written. Look at the following composition questions: ① One side. At first glance, what is there to write about "one side"? Who and whose side? Why write here? It's really hard to grasp. Let's add "people" or "things". See if it's easier to identify. After adding "branches" and "leaves". It can be preliminarily determined that the title of the article is "A brief encounter between me and Mr. Lu Xun". Look, you will know what to write, just like "under the scorching sun and heavy rain". As long as the subject and predicate are added before and after the topic, the content of the article will be very clear. 2 "heart". You can add "I", "mother" and "teacher" before the original question, and it becomes "my heart" and "teacher's heart". 3 "gifts". Adding branches and leaves before "gift" can become "birthday gift", "father's gift" and so on. Adding branches and leaves after "gift" can become "gift inspiration" and so on. One-word, two-word composition questions seem difficult to write, but in fact they leave a lot of room for development. But first, we should carefully examine the questions, and second, we should not digress. Here, the examination of questions becomes a key. But if you want to examine the questions well, you'd better have an operable method. The supplementary factor test method is such a practical method. Of course. Sometimes it's just the opposite: there are too many words in the composition, which are not clear. Such as "this is not a meteor", how to write it? I'm not sure. But if you add elements by adding branches and leaves. Then it will be clearer what to write. "This is not a meteor-like idea, but a child's pure love", be clear at a glance! The diagram is as follows: The commentary has mastered the "Supplementary Elements Examination Method". Even if you encounter one or two word essay questions, or there are too many words in the essay questions, you are not afraid. Four 5W elements of narrative examination "The teacher said that writing narrative is the basic skill. Even if you can't say one thing clearly, the language is really white. But I just can't say it. What should I do? " In fact, as long as you learn to use 5W elements to examine questions, the narrative should not be too bad. Because this method is most suitable for writing narratives. Narrative has six elements. It doesn't matter who remembers. These elements can be simplified as "5W", that is, "Who" (referring to the characters), "When" (referring to what), "What" (referring to what), "Where" (referring to the place) and "Why" (referring to the genre of thinking and the purpose of writing). These English words are familiar to everyone. Using them instead of writing elements simplifies the thinking process and saves the complicated analysis process. For example, when you enjoy it the most, you just need to glance at it and make a judgment in an instant: this is a narrative that focuses on writing. If this "play" is experienced by oneself (who), then the time (when) and place (where) should also be explained naturally in the text. It is also necessary to explain clearly the cause, process, result (what), how to "play", how to be happy, and why to write this matter (why). Be sure to write clearly. The selection of materials should be novel, avoid generalization, strive to write interesting, make the finishing point, reveal the enlightenment obtained from it through lyric and discussion, understand what is truth and sublimate the theme. It can be shown as follows: For example, what I saw at the school gate. As soon as I look at the topics, I can determine them one by one according to the 5W factor examination method, dig out the hidden elements in the topics, and quickly and accurately feel the pulse of the style of writing. Who: at school or after school: at the school gate. What: what you see and hear: why: the feeling or significance of what you see and hear. What can you see with the 5W element inspection method? Commentary seems to have been ignored by some students. I think the current college entrance examination is all about writing essays on topics, just writing argumentative essays, and whether narrative essays will, that's all. This view is obviously wrong. Narrative writing is a necessary and basic skill, and it is also the basic skill after we take part in the work in the future. In addition, from the perspective of exam-oriented education, the senior high school entrance examination is different from the college entrance examination, and most of them are test narratives. Even the argumentative college entrance examination, according to the law of "a small change every year, a big change every three years", how can we assume that there will be no narrative in the college entrance examination? How to quickly conceive a feeding composition to get a high score? There are still some mature "routines" or methods for writing. The following are the three most commonly used methods: method 1. Revealing that there are quite a few materials in the composition provided by fable method are not direct facts and theories, but visual materials with certain figurative or symbolic significance, such as idioms, fables, stories, cartoons and so on. It is not enough for this kind of material to understand the meaning of the surface layer of the material. It is also necessary to dig out the meaning contained in the materials and strive to dig out themes that are of guiding significance to the real society and individuals. For example, there is a cartoon called "No matter how good the grass is, there are thin horses" in the junior middle school Chinese textbook, which depicts the phenomenon in the animal kingdom, but if we dig deep into its meaning, we will find that the truth it reveals is universal. Not only in the animal kingdom, but also in human society. Just like the students taught by a teacher, most of them learn well, but some are in a mess, which shows that external conditions such as teacher's teaching alone cannot guarantee that students will learn well, and students' subjective efforts also play a decisive role. From this, we can draw a general rule: only by combining external conditions with our own subjective efforts can we do a good job. Another example is. 1986 college entrance examination composition, which gives a material about the relationship among trees, forests and climate. It talks about natural phenomena, but the truth revealed is universal. There are similar relationships among individuals, collectives and society in human society. As an individual, he is not only a member of the collective and society, but also an important force that affects, changes and even determines the development destiny of the collective and society. Therefore, he must fully realize the important role of individuals in the collective and society, and assume his responsibilities and obligations to the collective and society. When writing in detail, you can conceive a writing according to the following clues: describe the given material-reveal the meaning contained in the material-connect with reality or yourself, so as to grasp the essential meaning contained in the material. The argument thus determined also has ideological and social significance, thus getting high marks. In a word, the way to reveal morality is to think deeply about the material, trying to dig out the connotation of universal significance to social life through a specific thing or phenomenon, so as to make the theme of your composition more meaningful. Method two. Comparing the similarities and differences of material supply composition, we can also determine the main line of the article by comparing the similarities and differences of the given materials. There are two specific methods: one is to find the differences between similar materials; The second is to find similarities or contact points between different materials. The former is called seeking difference and the latter is called seeking common ground. For example, 1996 college entrance examination composition gave two cartoons, one called "Six Fingers Plastic Surgery" and the other called "Wrong Cutting". Candidates are required to write an argumentative essay on the topic "I prefer comics". These two cartoons depict very similar contents. Both said that doctors cut the wrong part because of their irresponsible work, but they had their own characteristics in composition and expression. Candidates can quickly determine the center of the article by comparing the differences between the two cartoons based on the similarities between the two materials. Another example is the material given in the composition of 1990 college entrance examination, which is a conversation between two little girls about the rose garden: one said that the rose garden is a bad place because there are thorns under every flower; Another person said that the rose garden is a good place because there are flowers on every thorn. The views of these two little girls are completely different from the arguments they are based on. This is "different", but there is also "similarity", that is, the thinking mode is exactly the same, only seeing one side of the problem and ignoring the other. As a result, they reached a one-sided conclusion. Grasping this "similarity" means grasping the essence of materials, so as to determine a more general theme for the article. Comparing the similarities and differences between materials, some are easier and some are more difficult, because the meaning is hidden deeper. For example, there are the following three materials. The first one is an allusion: If you are near Zhu Zhechi, you will be black, if you are near Mexico. The second is a fable: "oranges are born in Huainan and oranges are born in Huaibei." Their leaves are similar to those of their disciples, but they have different tastes. The third material is a landscape written in the notes of the ancients: "The Qiantang flood in Zhejiang Province occurs every year. When it is far away from Haimen, it is just a silver line, and then it approaches. It is unstoppable and spectacular. At this time, there are always hundreds of wave-makers, holding colorful banners, wandering on the waves of Wan Ren, making themselves changeable without getting wet. The spectators on both sides of the strait were blocked and applause thundered from time to time. The similarity between the first two of these three materials is easy to grasp, that is to say, things are influenced by their environment. The third material is more difficult to understand. However, through in-depth study, we can still find the connection between this material and the first two materials, that is, the problem we are talking about is still the relationship between things and the environment. Qiantang spring tide provides a stage for athletes to display their skills, and athletes also use this stage to make great efforts. By finding the similarities between these three materials, we can define the theme of the article as the dialectical relationship between things and the environment. The similarities and differences of this kind of materials are difficult, and it is difficult to deal with them without high understanding and abstract generalization ability, which requires more practice. The writing idea of this kind of composition is: describe the given material _ point out the similarities and differences between the materials, and derive opinions from the materials-which one do I agree or disagree-to connect with reality or myself. Method three. Causal analysis Writing should be good at analyzing the causal relationship between materials, so as to quickly grasp the essence of materials and establish a more thoughtful theme. The concrete methods of analyzing cause and effect mainly include exploring cause in cause and deducing cause in cause, of which the former is more common. For example, the title of 1983' s college entrance examination composition is a cartoon: "There is no water here, so dig somewhere else". The content of the painting is that a worker dug several deep and shallow holes in the ground, close to the water level, but there was no water; So the worker strode forward and dug in another place. In this material, candidates can regard the failure of workers to dig water as a result and seek the reasons for its formation. Through analysis, we know that the worker can't dig water because he didn't insist on digging in one place, but gave up halfway, which shows that he can't do a thing well without perseverance. From now on, he can take the importance of concentration and perseverance as the main theme of his composition. Writing is a good argumentative essay. Another example is 1980' s college entrance examination composition "Reading pictures on eggs". The material given is the story of Leonardo da Vinci's teacher, Buddha Rocchio, who taught him to draw eggs. Candidates can think about the results of Da Vinci's painting of eggs and find the connection between Da Vinci becoming a great painter who can paint such fine works of art as Mona Lisa. It is precisely because of Leonardo's efforts in painting eggs that he has a solid foundation in painting and can become a great artist. From this, we can draw a general rule: laying a good foundation and practicing basic skills are important conditions for making a difference, and you can write a composition with this as the central argument. Give another example. Please analyze the causal relationship of the following materials: 1945 Beiping in late autumn. It has been several months since Japan announced its surrender. Japanese expatriates who once occupied the country gathered in a meadow outside Xizhimen, Beiping. A dozen children sat there solemnly, reading pseudonyms (Japanese letters) around a middle-aged woman. Not far away, an older child is listening to the teacher's arithmetic. They used an old board and hung it on the trunk as a blackboard. A few days later, a reporter from an evening newspaper reported that the children were organized to attend classes soon after the gathering of overseas Chinese in Japan. Teachers are foreigners who volunteer to serve. The reporter finally exclaimed: Japan is a terrible nation. Why did the reporter exclaim that "Japan is a terrible nation"? What kind of national character do you see from the fact that the Japanese began to teach their children just after being defeated and waiting for repatriation? What do you think of education in Japan? What role did this character and concept play in Japan's post-war economic rise? Can we China people learn something useful from it? The writing idea of this kind of feeding composition is: describe the given material-reveal the causal relationship shown in the material-connect with reality or comment on the feeding composition for a long time. It is because such problems often come up with new ones. However, no matter how the proposer calculates, once we master the relevant methods, we can sit firmly on the Diaoyutai with constant changes. There are many examination methods for the subject "Reference Department", and most of them are not operable. Is there a simple and practical way to examine the composition questions? An American sociologist pointed out in his book Sociology of Knowledge that people with different majors will have different' frames of reference'. For example, in the eyes of doctors, almost everyone is a patient, and almost no one is 100% healthy. For example, in the eyes of public security personnel, almost everyone is a criminal or a potential criminal. Middle school students have limited life experience, so we might as well examine the questions from the "frame of reference" of different disciplines such as Chinese, chemistry, history and geography. For example, we can examine questions from the perspective of Chinese grammar. Some questions are composed of a word or a phrase, which seems impossible to write, so it is difficult to find a breakthrough in solving the problem at the moment, because the questions are hidden from beginning to end and somewhat confusing. At this time, if we can start from the "frame of reference" of grammar and add appropriate components at present or after the topic, what the topic requires to write will be clear at a glance. For example, an attribute can be added in front of the topic "My Heart", which can be "My Heart", "Grandma's Heart" and "Teacher's Heart" to determine the object of writing. Another example is the topic "Ideal", which can be supplemented by the sentence "Great ideal can give people strength". This quickly decided the scope of writing. Mastering this method, it is much easier to conceive the topic content composed of words such as wish, tomorrow, road and spring rain. For example, we can also examine the topic from the perspective of synonyms and antonyms. Some proposers deliberately beat around the bush, increasing the freshness and confusion of the topic, and even increasing the difficulty of the examination of the topic. For this kind of topic, we might as well take out the individual words of the original title and replace them with a new word, which may lead to a wonderful scene, quickly understand the theme and find out the scope and object of writing. For example, the title is "Ah, Pearl River Water", which means surprise and praise. It can be replaced by "praise", so the title is "praise you, Pearl River": how much property and life have been swallowed up by the Pearl River in recent years, but since the reform and opening up, profound changes have taken place on both sides of the Pearl River, and the Pearl River has changed from bad water to beautiful water. Example 2. Examining questions from the "frame of reference" of chemistry. Someone once put forward the so-called "chemical balance method". The so-called "chemical balance method" is to investigate, conceive and conceive problems with the help of the principle of maintaining balance between the equations on both sides of the chemical equation. This method is especially suitable for themes composed of figurative vehicles or symbolic things. Like "warm current", "warm current" is a metaphor, which can be the inspiration of the party's policies, the teaching and encouragement of teachers, and the understanding and help of classmates. You can also use other things as ontology. Topics like "examination" can actually refer to real cultural and scientific examinations, or an examination on the road of life. For example, the topic of "gifts" can refer to precious gifts given in interpersonal relationships, outstanding achievements or achievements in some aspects, and good words from parents and teachers. As for writing symbolic topics such as lighthouses, bridges, ode to candles, paving stones, etc., although it is difficult, it can be seen in this way, and it will be written soon by replacing the virtual with the real. Example 3. To study history and geography from the "frame of reference" of history and geography is to learn to look at problems from the "frame of reference" of different time and space. On the surface, some composition topics are too narrow to write. If there is a teacher's proposition "Today's class", this class is just ten minutes before the teacher sits down to write. The teacher is waiting for the roll call. It takes less than a minute from class to proposition. Strictly speaking, the scope of the material is what happened in this minute. What can you do in a minute? Therefore, we must boldly go beyond this time and space and go to the vast world outside today's classroom to select materials: the deeds of students' hard work at ordinary times, the spirit of teachers' hard work and selfless dedication, and the achievements of school leaders in grasping teaching and actively supporting teaching reform can all be used as materials for today's classroom, so that the content of the article will be much richer. For another example, when writing the topic "Today's Experience", don't just confine your thinking to the narrow circle of "Today". Similarly, "my day" and "tomorrow's me" should not be limited to "one day", "tomorrow" and "one year". Even "I" can imagine transplanting what others have done. As long as it is reasonable, the boundaries of time and space can be completely broken. Example 4. Judging from the political "frame of reference", the development of things does have certain laws, as well as certain sequences and clues. It is also an angle to apply the inherent development order of this objective thing to writing to become the order of article writing. The widely circulated article "Brothers for Class 61" organizes materials according to the clue of "finding and transporting specific drugs", the article "Necklace" unfolds the plot in the development order of "borrowing necklaces, losing necklaces and returning necklaces", and the article "Land" unfolds associations in the emotional development order of "cherishing land, defending land and building land". The natural order of things and physics, such as "one person, one day, one place", "one east, one south, one north, one middle school", "one middle-aged man, one old man, one spring, one autumn, one summer and one winter", "experiment failed and one succeeded" and "beginning, one development, one climax and one ending" all conform to the process of things. Can't they all be clues to the idea of the article? As for writing about my hometown and my growth after ten years, we can examine the topics and conceive ideas according to "Looking forward to my hometown once, building my hometown once", "Childhood", "On Earth" and "My University" respectively. Today's senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination candidates' compositions are quite different from those in previous years. The examinee's article itself is ok, but the content is the same and lacks originality. In the first few years, the article itself was not good. Words are not fluent and questions are not accurate. I think so. The ability to examine questions has become a key to the success of composition, and one of the characteristics of the ability to examine questions is to be open-minded and conceived from multiple angles. In this sense, it is a practical and good method to learn to examine questions from the "reference department" of different disciplines. Conceiving a composition with "magic ball" When I saw the title of the composition, my mind was blank. Don't say I don't have any ideas, and I don't even know where I want to go. Is there any good way? Li Qingyan, a teacher in Luancheng County, Hebei Province, believes that writing is a kind of thinking activity, that is, conception. The choice of materials, the planning of articles and the drafting of free propositions are the basic contents of the composition. Composition should not only have quality, but also pay attention to speed. To this end, he created a unique magic ball-rapid conception method. The so-called "magic ball" conception method is to gather the words related to the topic around the topic to form a "magic ball", and then combine and choose to determine the content to be written. For example, students are required to write a composition with "school" as the content. Everyone thought hard and felt that there was nothing to write. Teacher Li introduced the fast composition method of learning magic ball to the students: first, put the topic of the composition to be written in the center of the ball; Step two, put the school-related words around the center of the ball. Count as many as you can, and the more the better (pictured); The third step is to combine these words with the center of the ball, and there is a lot to write. For example, campus autumn scenery, winter campus, campus serenade, middle school scenery in the rain, our school playground, peach trees in front of the school, beautiful flower beds and an poplar tree.

An excellent composition is inseparable from ingenious ideas. Conception, like a blueprint for building a house, is the key to writing, and the quality of conception largely determines the success or failure of the article. Cao Zhi's seven-step poems make the world sigh as wizards; Zuo Si's ten years of writing Sandu Fu and even Luoyang paper are expensive, and his kung fu is all about conception.

Over the years, the perfect composition articles for the senior high school entrance examination are all models of successful conception, attracting the attention of marking teachers like a beautiful scenery.