I. Definition and function of the game
After a lot of research on children's games, educators and psychologists have a basic understanding of children's games and found the real reasons: the contradiction between the rapid development of children's body and mind and their psychological characteristics, the need to participate in real practical activities and the lack of children's own practical ability; It is concluded that games are children's favorite main activities and the main content of children's lives. In other words, the game is an adaptation of children to the growth process, and all children's learning is mainly completed in the game.
Second, the reasons for building children's mathematics game education
Various academic circles put forward the slogan of children's mathematics life-oriented education because the essence of children's mathematics life-oriented education is: taking life as the connotation, serving life as the purpose, and finally serving real life. At the same time, a person's mathematical knowledge must be built on the basis of personal experience exchange operation and constructed through reflection; Therefore, the study of mathematics should be linked with life, relying on the existing life experience to arouse children's memories of the existing life experience, which is in line with the characteristics of children thinking with concrete images. The game is just life-oriented, relying on imagination, relying on life, simulating scenes to reproduce life, so that the activation energy of mathematics education students has been well reflected. Help children learn dynamic mathematics; Starting from students' life experience, we should make mathematics learning difficult and simplify it, and fully realize that there is mathematics everywhere in life, so as to improve students' interest in learning mathematics, form the habit of observing and analyzing life, stimulate children's positive thinking and imagination, and promote their intellectual development. Preschool class has certain thinking ability, but his ability is still in the primary stage; It can feel some perceptual things, but it can't make a rational analysis. So at this time, in order to make children's mathematics learning alive, our teachers should also pay attention to providing some materials in life to guide children's learning. For example, choose natural objects in real life as teaching AIDS (sterilized cold drink sticks, used cans, etc.). Children can use these things to learn math such as puzzles, building blocks, sorting, counting and classifying.
Third, how to build children's mathematics education in games.
(1) Different games construct different contents.
Not all mathematical content can be built in the game, nor can a certain content be built through any game. When constructing preschool mathematics education in games, we should pay attention to choosing suitable games for specific content.
In the game-based mathematical education activities, the mathematical contents suitable for us to construct generally include: the collection, classification and sorting of numbers, geometric shapes, addition and subtraction, etc. In the education of these contents, the games often involved are structural games, role games and intellectual games. In addition, entertainment games often do not appear alone in mathematics education, but penetrate into mathematics classroom.
Structural games are games that children build with building blocks, plastics and other geometric bodies, and then one or several people play together, focusing on developing children's spatial thinking ability. In the process of building various buildings and objects with building blocks, children can acquire and consolidate all kinds of mathematical knowledge, including space, geometry and measurement. , and these aspects are related to classification, sorting and quantity comparison, thus playing a role in learning and consolidating mathematical knowledge.
Role-playing is a game in which children reflect real life. They can show what they usually see and hear through games. In role games with various themes, the application of different degrees of mathematical knowledge promotes children's ability to apply mathematical knowledge and skills in life. For example, in the game of "opening a shop", exchanging goods can exercise children's mathematical addition and subtraction ability. The arrangement of doll furniture in "Dollhouse Game" helps children to use the ability of classification.
The purpose of intellectual games is to develop children's intelligence, stimulate their enthusiasm for learning and cultivate their comprehensive mathematical ability. Common games are: solitaire game, jigsaw puzzle and so on.
Because of its simple, easy and interesting features, entertainment games are often infiltrated and used by teachers in regular classes to consolidate and strengthen the mathematics knowledge they have learned. For example, we can review ordinal numbers by knowing animals. The teacher showed all kinds of animal toys, asked the children to name them, and then asked the children to arrange the animals in the order the teacher said. For example, the teacher said, "Monkeys come first, birds come second ... elephants come last." This game can also be played in a different order and repeatedly.
(2) Create an environment
Excavate materials from life and guide children to actively participate in games. Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, has studied children in many aspects. Piaget emphasized: "Mathematical relationship is a kind of logical mathematical knowledge, which does not exist in actual objects. Children acquire knowledge of mathematical logic not from the objects themselves, but by playing with them and organizing their own actions in their hearts. " Therefore, truly understanding numbers means that children find their own actions and take the initiative to establish relationships. Therefore, the physical operation is of decisive significance for children to learn mathematics. All we adults need to do is provide a comfortable environment for our children. Let children participate in the game as a real subject and learn something from it. For example, the composition of the number 6 we can design the activity as a store. The shop is full of goods with six yuan. We will give each child six yuan, with a face value ranging from one yuan to five yuan, and then let the children buy what they like, but it must be six yuan when buying. The goods to be purchased must be verified by the clerk before they can be obtained. Children find learning in this simulation game lively and interesting. They not only mastered the composition of six skillfully, but also learned the skills of cooperation.
(3) Carefully set the teaching AIDS in the game.
Children's basic activities are important activities in mathematics education; Exquisite teaching AIDS are the most attractive tools to attract children to participate in activities. Children directly associate and imagine what they have experienced, causing some corresponding actions and activities, providing conditions for the development of game activities; Therefore, when constructing children's mathematics education through games, we need to pay attention to the setting of teaching AIDS. Teaching AIDS should inspire children's imagination, develop children's thinking and creativity, arouse children's curiosity and attraction, conform to children's physical and mental development level, show details, arouse children's feelings of happiness and joy, and cultivate children's aesthetic feeling in the process of learning mathematics.
(4) Give full play to the role of teachers.
1. Change traditional ideas
Games are an effective way to stimulate children's interest in learning. In the process of children's teaching, children can show various movements, and they are very happy and full of energy. All parts of their bodies can be exercised by playing games. Therefore, kindergarten teachers should fully realize the position of games in children's mathematics education, change the traditional mathematics education mode, skillfully design and effectively organize game teaching activities, satisfy children's curiosity through entertaining, stimulate children's interest in learning, and make children learn in a relaxed and happy way. Pay attention to emotional communication with children and fully realize that teachers are not only good teachers, but also good friends of children. In the game, teachers should participate in it and become a role, not just a bystander. At the same time, teachers should understand that our teaching task is no longer just to teach children to learn specific things, but to understand children's thinking, study children's learning, teach children how to learn, and how to solve various problems around them, so as to lay a solid foundation for children's future life. As the saying goes, "it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish."
2. Be a supporter and guide of children.
In the process of children's game activities, teachers will ask many unexpected questions. At this time, teachers should be good at answering children's questions and let children gain knowledge in game activities. At this time, the teacher should play the role of a good guide and patiently answer every child's questions. At the same time, we should also spend energy, observe words and observe emotions, go deep into children's lives, understand each child's hobbies, and then create different operating environments suitable for different children. Pay attention to the combination of teaching materials and life scenes. Face the whole, take care of the individual, and let different children have different development. According to the law of children's physical and mental development and the characteristics of mathematical activities, elaborate colorful game activities to guide children to participate actively; Give children a clear purpose and operation time, the language should be enlightening, and the questions and tips should be just right; When children make mistakes, we should guide them to find the mistakes themselves and let them solve the problems themselves. In addition, by playing games, teachers not only give children many opportunities to communicate in language and solve practical problems, but also promote the development of children's language and intelligence.
(1) game selection
Children's mathematics education is a complicated and simple process and a constantly changing contradiction. Therefore, a serious question is put forward for our teachers: "What kind of games are suitable for constructing children's mathematics education?" Because every mathematical problem has its particularity, when choosing a game, we should first look at what kind of mathematical content it is, and then take corresponding game activities to complete it. This methodology is scientific methodology.
(2) the length of the game
According to Piaget's child psychology theory, "the attention of small class children is usually only 2-4 minutes; 3-8 minutes in the middle shift; The scientific demonstration of "large class 5- 10 minutes", we must take this theory as the basis when constructing games, effectively control the teaching time in education and teaching activities, and let children master the effective content efficiently in the effective time, which is the ultimate goal of our mathematics teaching.
(3) Respect children's development level and interest needs.
Choose mathematics content with appropriate difficulty, which meets children's interests and development needs, and integrate it into the game to give children a sense of cognitive satisfaction and accomplishment; It is conducive to enhancing children's interest in learning mathematics and cultivating good emotional attitudes. At the same time, it can provide opportunities for each child to develop their strengths and gain a sense of success, and enhance their self-esteem and self-confidence. Only on the premise of respecting children's development level and interest needs can different children get different development and become people with all-round and harmonious development.
Children's mathematics education should attach importance to the all-round development of children's physical and mental health. It conforms to scientific educational principles and lays a foundation for children's all-round development in the future. Constructing children's mathematics education in games will further promote the humanistic culture in mathematics classroom and help to change the boring and communicative nature of traditional mathematics teaching. Not only make children like math classes, but also promote their all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty.