Abstract: Taoism initiated on behalf of Laozi and Zhuangzi? Virtual silence? . This theory is of great significance to China's literature and art. As a theoretical theory combining philosophical thoughts and aesthetic consciousness under specific historical conditions, the theory of emptiness and quietness has been condensed and accumulated in the psychological structure of national culture after its formation, and then it has been born, interpreted, transformed and perfected by a generation of young scholars, forming a theoretical concept with far-reaching practical significance to China's philosophical thoughts, artistic creation and aesthetic consciousness.
In the profound culture of China? Virtual silence? Undoubtedly, it is an important spiritual concept and an ideal of thinking and thinking that people pursue. Should we carefully sort out the relevant issues of Zhuangzi? Virtual silence? This paper tries to strip away the negative consciousness of nothingness and vagueness, and then studies the influence of nothingness on literary and artistic creation. Explore the unique laws in the conception stage of artistic creation.
? Virtual silence? Thought is the core concept of Laozi and Zhuangzi's theory, and Laozi and Zhuangzi have quite a lot of discussions. First of all, Lao tze? Virtual silence? And the method to achieve this state. In order to eliminate the interference and distractions of foreign objects, Lao Tzu proposed? To the virtual pole, keep quiet? The idea. ? To the virtual pole? It emphasizes that only emptiness can accommodate everything and let everything run freely in it. Only by being open-minded can we be generous, forgive others and stop complaining. ? Keep quiet? It is said that you should concentrate and persevere? Quiet? Holding on to words is the only way to get words. In my opinion, only by doing these six words can we realize the origin of the universe? Tao? In order to keep people's mood in a state of emptiness forever, Lao Tzu is the initiator of the theory of emptiness. Zhuangzi inherited Laozi's thought and said in "The World on Earth":? Only the Tao is empty, and the empty man is separated from the heart. Heaven says:? Heart of a saint, calm down! The mirror of heaven and earth is also the mirror of everything. Virtual quietness is to achieve a pure and pure state of mind and forget things. Without this mentality, people will not go deep into understanding, and even deviate from the right direction and move towards an inclined road.
So how can we achieve the realm of emptiness and quietness? In the early days of Geng Sang, Zhuangzi wrote:? Your wealth is strict, fame and fortune are six, and Zhi Bo is also; Tolerance of color, reason, qi and meaning is also wrong; Evil desires, joys and sorrows, six people are tired; Take knowledge and ability for example, it is blocked. These four or six things are positive and regular if they are not swayed in the chest. Quiet is bright, bright is empty, and need is inaction. Mf ai & ltRs 63, which can be said to be a specific condition to achieve a static state of mind. How to prepare this condition, Zhuangzi thinks the most fundamental way is? No ego? That is, forget yourself, transcend the limited existence of individuals from spiritual divination and get rid of everything? Material service? Achieve independence. In his opinion? No ego? then what There is nothing to wait for. . ? Have yourself? It will make people realize that they are different from the outside world, there will be a distinction between things and me, a knowledge of right and wrong, and all kinds of repressed disputes will be formed. Therefore, only by forgetting yourself can we keep our inner peace and be free from the restrictions of external things? Harmony between man and nature? Man and nature are one. ? People who forget themselves mean people are in heaven? . Visible,? No ego? In fact, it is the combination of self and Tao. Zhuangzi thought that there should be a gradual process of self-cultivation, so he proposed? Xin Xin sits and forgets? Self-cultivation method to complete this process. So-called? New house? It is a mental state of abandoning lust and keeping quiet. Zhuangzi believes that Tao is beyond the grasp of eyes, ears, senses and mind. Only when the spirit remains still can we collect the Tao and realize the wonderful Tao, that is, we can understand the Tao through intuition. So he said:? If you make up your mind, don't listen to your ears, listen to your heart. Don't listen attentively, listen to avoid it. Listening stops at the ear, and the heart stops at the symbol. Angry people confuse the real with the fake. Only the Tao is empty, and the empty man's heart is empty.
(((in the world))) Do you know? New house? This truth can be achieved by keeping your mind single-minded and being quiet? Sit back and forget it? Field. ? Sit back and forget it? In other words, I completely forget everything, including my body and life, and my body and mind are completely integrated with the Tao. It is not only a method, but also the highest realm in the process of cultivation. In The Grandmaster, Zhuangzi tells Confucius the story of his progress through Yan Hui, which illustrates this realm. Yan Hui forgot benevolence and righteousness first, then rites and music, and finally achieved? Sit back and forget it? . In Zhuangzi's view, with infinity? Tao? Ontology is one, and the human mind must go through three stages of spiritual cultivation. First of all, it is necessary to dispel people's innate physiological desires as creatures, so that people will not become slaves to instinctive desires. Secondly, we should eliminate the bondage of intellectuality to spirit and prevent the right and wrong, gains and losses, honor and disgrace brought by knowledge activities from disturbing the mind. In the final stage, it is possible to achieve the state of unity with Tao in the absolute freedom of the mind.
From where first? Virtual silence? On the practical level, literary creation needs a high degree of investment and dedication. As we all know, there are many fables about skills in Zhuangzi. There are four fables in Sheng Da, which are? Hold the building, hold the silk boat. If God treads on the water and the ground, will he celebrate logging as chaff? . Zhuangzi used these fables to illustrate? Sheng Da? What? Tao? Is it? Fasting with meditation? . Although the purpose of these fables is to clarify the method of understanding the road, rather than telling the method of artistic creation, they are of great enlightenment to people's understanding of the law of artistic creation. Many researchers in the history of China's literary criticism have extended it to Zhuangzi's view of literary creation. In other words, at the beginning of creation, artists should exclude all distractions such as celebration, wealth, nobility and appreciation. Even? Forget I have limbs? , has absolute dedication to people's artistic creation. Treat the depicted things with a high aesthetic attitude. Pure and pure, indifferent and nothing, can this be achieved? Xin Xin sits and forgets? Spiritual realm. This is the best state of artistic creation, and this exciting creative attitude is the basic prerequisite for harvesting artistic works. Zhuangzi also emphasized the spirit of single-mindedness. Asking about the building? The story says:? No matter what the ambition, it is condensed on God. ? Because only in this way can artists devote themselves to the creative state like Er R? Officer Zhi Zhi and God want to do this? . In literary creation, many writers are fully integrated with their own stories and characters. They share the same breath and destiny with their own characters, and devote themselves to writing touching and unique classic characters. For example, when Tang Xianzu wrote about Du Liniang, he wrote about enjoying the spring fragrance or the old wind, but he was so sad that he couldn't help himself and hid in the firewood and cried. Old Balzac once hated that he described too many characters, snubbed visiting friends and made jokes.
Second,? Virtual silence? Concentrated thinking is the best time for creative inspiration. We know, Lao tze? Destroy the Xuanjian? Put forward the significance of Zhuangzi's inheritance and development? Wandering when things started? , that is, wandering in? Tao? Proposition, and gives a relatively complete theoretical exposition. So-called? Wandering? , is a person's mind in their own inner world, spiritual world. ? Wandering? This is a state of absolute freedom. What if we contact Liu again? God and everything travel? This is the inspirational thinking in literary conception. In fact, inspirational thinking is a kind of creative thinking. It is a whimsy that suddenly appears in a highly excited psychological state, and it is a clear image of an artistic image that has been thinking for a long time. Under the control of inspiration, a very novel and unique artistic image will be created in artistic creation. If the inspiration phenomenon depends on the stimulation of alcohol, tobacco and so on, it really lacks scientific basis. However, when you enter the creative work, you can devote yourself wholeheartedly to others and keep your heart and soul and worldly affairs. Virtual silence? The state of "A" plays an important role in triggering creative inspiration.
Again? Virtual silence? Thought is the natural beauty of pastoral poetry. Zhuangzi? Xu Jing said? Directly promoted the aesthetic ideal of Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties? Mining gold by mistake? Where to? Chu furong? The transformation of beauty, for Wei Jin people? Without silk and bamboo, the mountains and rivers are clear. The formation of aesthetics has a self-evident influence. Now, let's take a look at the landscape paintings and quiet pastoral scenery in Tao Yuanming's poems:
No rhyme, sex autumn mountain, falling into the dust net by mistake, go to thirteen.
A few years. Birds love the old forest, fish in the pond miss the old source, and the wilderness is open to the outside world, and it is foolish to return to the garden.
Tian. There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine thatched houses. Liu Yin Houyan, Taoli Luotang.
Before. The warm people's village, the smoke in Yiyi market, the barking of dogs in the depths of alleys, and the crowing of chickens on mulberry trees.
Top. There is no dust at home, and there is more leisure in the empty room. You've been locked in a cage for a long time. How can you bring it back? (One of Five Songs of Returning to the Garden).
The pastoral scenery and life described in the poem are plain and natural, harmonious and simple, full of vitality and interest. It is in this kind of officialdom far away from filth and turbidity. Get rid of official career? Dust net? Tired of living in Eli's garden? Do you feel that today is not yesterday? Zhuang Zhou became a butterfly, a poet and forgot things. Do you feel it? Back to nature? The joy of joy, understand? Is there any real meaning in this? Principles of life in the universe. The profound understanding of Taoist philosophy of life and its artistic spirit not only makes poetry full of detached and leisurely life interest, but also contains natural and simple artistic spirit.
Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, won the essence of Taoism, and described many quiet and elegant pictures with a bit of Zen in his landscape poems. For example:
People are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty. When the moon comes out, the birds are startled, and the sound enters the spring stream. (Birds singing in the stream), fighting, mountains, bamboo, streams, bright moon, flowers and birds What a quiet, beautiful, pure and flawless world, and what an independent and closed world. This quiet and ethereal place is my poetic meditation! Zhuangzi proposed? New house? ,? Sit back and forget it? ; Advocate the subject to give up on himself; Zen is called breaking? Law enforcement? ,? I'll take it? These thoughts were accepted by Wang Wei, and this realm was integrated into his own poems, which made his car Ji Chuan and his landscape works in his later years shine with a kind of meditation light, showing a picture of things being muddled, thinking and environment being integrated. As Mr Zong Baihua said, painters and poets in China would rather take? The stadium is complacent, and the heart is too mysterious? ,? Eyes back and forth, heart is breathing? The idea to be realized? Cheng Huai Wei Xiang? .
Besides,? Virtual silence? As a category of art appreciation, it is also very meaningful. What does Zhuangzi think is the best mentality for literature appreciation and aesthetics? Virtual silence? . He believes that only with a peaceful mind can we see the exquisiteness of art; And only a peaceful mind can reach the highest level of appreciation, which he calls? Daming? .
? The essence of the supreme Tao, subtle, supreme Tao, faint and silent indifference.
Listen, keep your head still and the shape will be correct. Must be quiet and clear, no pain, no trembling.
Quiet, but you can live forever. See nothing, hear nothing, know nothing, you god.
Will keep shape, and shape is immortal. Be careful of your heart, shut yourself out, knowing too much is failure, I support you.
So above Daming. ?
This kind? Daming? The acquisition of realm is a leap in literary aesthetics. Has the human spirit been cultivated? Forget? When the method reaches this stage and state, it is ok? Recruit a car? That is, the state of mind has reached a clear and thorough. Only through this clear state of mind, such as sunshine, can we see the Tao. ? Daming? Is the realm also a kind of? Materialization? Field. The unity of things and me is universal in aesthetics. Zhuangzi realized his life here with a beautiful attitude. When shall we go in? Daming? In the realm, the aesthetic subject will concentrate on the object, cheerful and white, regardless of things, so that people can get a very high artistic aesthetic enjoyment in this fusion of appreciation of subject and object.