Zhongshan, formerly known as Xiangshan, was founded in 1 152 (the 22nd year of Shaoxing in Southern Song Dynasty). 1925, in memory of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Xiangshan County was renamed Zhongshan County, and 1983 was upgraded to a county-level city. 1988 was upgraded to a prefecture-level Zhongshan city.

Zhongshan, with a long history, is one of the terminals of several great population migrations in the history of China. The three major language families in Zhongshan: Cantonese, Hakka and Minnan are the best proof. Different language families show that these people living in compact communities come from different places and bring different cultures and histories. After nearly a thousand years of mutual influence and infiltration, Zhongshan's unique cultural and historical characteristics have been roughly formed.

As far as cultural characteristics are concerned, Zhongshan is the hometown of folk songs, and salty water songs and Gaotang songs are the most distinctive, with a history of more than 300 years. Dragon dance in Zhongshan is also a folk activity with the most folk characteristics in Zhongshan. In 2006, Tanzhou Xianshui Song, Xiaolan Chrysanthemum Club and Shaxi Herbal Tea were listed as national intangible cultural heritage.

Since Zhongshan was founded more than 800 years ago, the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties failed to become famous cities and counties in the history books due to geographical and economic reasons.

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