1. nature: the paper is a document used for scientific research and describing research results, which is academic and scientific. Textbooks are teaching books compiled according to curriculum standards, which are used to systematically reflect the subject content and have professional and educational significance.
2. Use: Papers are usually used for academic research, writing academic works and periodical articles, while teaching materials are used for teaching activities as carriers for imparting knowledge and skills.
3. Content: The paper focuses on research methods and results, which may include research methods such as investigation, observation or experiment, and the content is more concentrated and in-depth. Textbooks, on the other hand, pay more attention to the systematicness and comprehensiveness of knowledge, and are usually arranged in the logical order of disciplines, with wider contents.