1. The common plant species in the Northern Botanical Garden are: ① Big trees: Sophora japonica, Ginkgo biloba, Fraxinus chinensis, Toona sinensis, Luanbei, Aesculus chinensis, Populus tomentosa, Salix matsudana, Melia azedarach, Gleditsia sinensis, Populus davidiana, Populus euphratica, Salix weeping willows, Juglans regia, Betula platyphylla and Dendrocalamus gigantea. ② Small trees: Pittosporum, Magnolia grandiflora, Buxus buxus, Buxus japonicus, Buxus japonicus, Rhamnus rhamnoides, Hibiscus, Tamarix chinensis, Hippophae rhamnoides, Lagerstroemia indica, Pomegranate, Chimonanthus praecox, Cornus officinalis, tassel, Vitex negundo, Sambucus williamsii and Lonicera japonica; (3) Shrubs: Prunus mume and Pyracantha fortunei. Lespedeza, Euonymus Euonymus, Elaeagnus Elaeagnus, Red Ruimu, Rhododendron, Forsythia, Flos Caryophylli, Rhododendron, Water Wax, Callicarpa Callicarpa, Haizhou Changshan, Lycium barbarum, Hedgehog, Brocade, Tianmu Qionghua, etc. ④ Lianas: Aristolochia macrophylla, Clematis grandiflora, Clematis macrophylla, Vines, Radix Aucklandiae, Wisteria, Kiwifruit, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Radix Puerariae, Schisandra chinensis, Camptotheca acuminata, Flos Lonicerae, Celastrus orbiculatus, etc. ⑤ Herbs: pansy, snapdragon, dahlia, chrysanthemum, cuiju, black heart chrysanthemum, cosmos, zinnia, malachite, calendula, sunflower, cockscomb, amaranth, chrysanthemum, star anise, five-colored plum, basil, bouquet, violet, kale, February orchid, impatiens, etc. Crabapple, false faucet, onion, day lily, Hosta, Ophiopogon japonicus, chrysanthemum, dandelion, ornamental eggplant, colored pepper, Tradescantia, platycodon grandiflorum, awn, Pennisetum, Oxalis, Trifolium pratense, etc. 2. The plants that should not be matched are: Lilac should not be matched with Lily of the Valley. Lilacs should not be paired with daffodils. Put lilacs, violets, tulips and forget-me-not together, and each other will suffer. Flowers that can secrete aromatic substances, such as mint and rose, have a certain inhibitory effect on the ecology of adjacent flowers. Don't plant juniper with pear and begonia, lest the latter rust, leading to falling leaves and fruits. Roses and mignonette together, the former now crowd out the latter, making * * * wither; Luteolin will release a chemical substance before and after withering, which will poison roses to death. Ripe apples, bananas, etc. If you put it with blooming roses, Chinese rose, daffodils, etc. The ethylene released by the former will make potted flowers wither early, thus shortening the viewing period. The leaves, skins and roots of oleander will secrete oleanolin and juglone, which will harm other flowers. Hydrangeas, dahlias, roses, daffodils, rose spirits and cloves will harm both sides or one of them. Pine trees can't contact with elderberry, which can strongly inhibit the growth of pine trees, prevent pine nuts from sprouting under elderberry, and can't crowd out the growth of Populus davidiana. Pine trees are opposed to ash, spruce, oak and birch, and as a result, pine trees wither. Cypress is not suitable for planting rutaceae plants. 3. The lawns in the north are mainly cool-season lawns. According to different families and genera, the main components of lawn plants used to be Gramineae, but in recent years they have developed into Cyperaceae, Leguminosae and Convolvulaceae. 1. Gramineae turfgrass accounts for more than 90% of turfgrass plants, and plants belong to Festusubfamily, Paninae and Eragrostinae in taxonomy. (1) Agrostis: The representative grass species are Agrostis tenuifolia, Agrostis tomentosa, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis tenuifolia and so on. This kind of grass has stolons or rhizomes, spreads rapidly, has good turf-forming performance, is resistant to trampling, is thin and dense, has large leaves, and is suitable for weak acid and moist soil. High-quality lawns can be built, such as sports lawns such as golf courses and hockey fields and fine ornamental lawns. (2) Festuca: The representative species are Festuca arundinacea, Creeping Festuca, Festuca arundinacea, Festuca tenuifolia and Festuca arundinacea. * * * is characterized by strong resistance to acid, alkali, barren and arid soil, cold and hot climate and air pollution. Festuca arundinacea, creeping Festuca arundinacea, Festuca arundinacea and Festuca tenuifolia all have low leaves. Festuca arundinacea is a Gao Dakuan leaf type. Festuca arundinacea Turfgrass is mainly used as a companion species for mixed sowing of sports turfgrass and various green turfgrass. (3) Poa pratensis: The representative species are Poa pratensis, Poa pratensis, Poa pratensis woodland and Poa pratensis. The rhizome is developed, the turf-forming ability is extremely strong, and it is resistant to trampling. The grass is thin and flat, the turf is elastic, the leaves are green and bright, and the green period is long. The stress resistance is relatively weak, and the requirements for water, fertilizer and soil are strict. This kind of lawn grass is the main grass species for planting all kinds of green land in the north, and it is also the main grass species for planting sports lawns, especially many varieties of Kentucky Bluegrass. (4) Ryegrass: The representative grass species are perennial ryegrass, green bristlegrass and ladder grass. Perennial ryegrass seeds have high germination rate, rapid emergence, lush growth, dark green and shiny leaves, but high water and fertilizer conditions are needed, and the lawn life is short (96 years). Generally, it is mainly used as a protective grass seed in sports ground and various green lawn mixed sowing schemes. (5) Zoysia japonica: Zoysia japonica, Zoysia japonica, Zoysia manilensis and Zoysia tenuifolia are representative grass species. Zoysia japonica has many excellent characteristics, such as drought resistance, trampling resistance, barren resistance, pest resistance and so on, and has certain toughness and elasticity. It is not only an excellent lawn plant, but also a good soil fixation and slope protection plant. 2. Non-Gramineae plants: All plants with developed stolons, low and slender, resistant to extensive management, trampling, long green period and easy to form low turf can be used to pave lawns. Lawn grasses of Cyperaceae, such as Carex tenuifolia, Carex tenuifolia, Carex heterophylla and Carex ovata; White clover, red clover, wild pea, etc. Can be used as ornamental lawn plants. Secondly, there are other grasses, such as creeping horseshoe, Ophiopogon japonicus, thyme, creeping Potentilla, etc., which can also be used as garden flower beds, modeling and ornamental lawn plants. According to the leaf width of turfgrass, it is classified as 1. Broad-leaved lawn grass: The leaf width is more than 4mm, which is vigorous and adaptable, and is suitable for large-scale lawn. Such as Zoysia japonica, carpet grass, Pteris vittata, Polygonum cuspidatum, Festuca arundinacea, etc. 2. Fine-leaved lawn grass: the leaves are slender and 94mm wide, which can form a flat, uniform and dense lawn and need good soil conditions. Such as plum blossom, Zoysia tenuifolia, Poa pratensis, Festuca tenuifolia and Buffalo grass. High score per plant, 1, low lawn grass: the plant height is generally below 20cm, which can form a low and dense lawn with well-developed stolons and rhizomes. Resistant to trampling and extensive management, most of them adopt asexual reproduction. Such as weeds, Bermuda grass, carpet grass, Pteris vittata and so on. 2. Tall lawn grass: The plant height is usually 20cm, and it is generally propagated by sowing. It grows rapidly and can form a lawn in a short time. Suitable for planting large area lawn. Its disadvantage is that it must be trimmed frequently to form a flat lawn. Such as tall fescue, ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, cutting glume and so on. According to the use of lawn grass, 1. Ornamental lawn grass: mostly used for ornamental lawn. Grass seeds should be flat, low, with long green period and dense stems and leaves, and fine-leaved grass is generally suitable. Or some plants with particularly beautiful leaves, with beautiful spots, stripes and colors, as well as beautiful flowers and fragrance. Such as white clover, small crown flower, thyme, Potentilla, etc. 2. Common green turfgrass: Most turfgrass can be used as common green turfgrass, which has strong adaptability, excellent lawn use and growth potential, wide promotion range and large planting area, and has become the main grass species in this area. Mostly used for leisure lawns, with no fixed shape and extensive management, allowing people to enter for entertainment activities. For example, Zoysia tenuifolia, carpet grass and Bermuda grass in the south of China, and Kentucky Bluegrass, white clover and weeds in the north. 3. Lawn grasses for soil fixation and slope protection: Some lawn grasses with developed rhizomes and stolons have strong adaptability for soil fixation, such as Zoysia japonica, Pteris vittata, Polygonum cuspidatum, Bromus inermis, Elytrigia elongata and so on. 4. Ornamental lawn grass: refers to colorful lawn plants, which are scattered in the lawn to set off and decorate, and are mostly used for ornamental lawns, such as small crown flowers and lotus roots. Football field needs grass seeds that are more resistant to trampling, and landscaping needs grass seeds with long leaves and slow growth to reduce workload. In the past, the mixed sowing combinations used in sports lawns were: bentgrass 20%, Kentucky bluegrass 30% and tall fescue 50%. The most commonly used mixed sowing combinations in recent years are: ① 40% Poa pratensis, 30% Poa pratensis Ram-I30%%, 65,438+05% Poa pratensis and 65,438+05% Festuca arundinacea; ② Meri-on of Poa pratensis is 40%, Baron of Poa pratensis is 20%, Ram-I of Poa pratensis is 20%, and Erigeron breviscapus is 20%; ③ Festuca arundinacea 20%, Poa pratensis 60% and Lolium perenne 20%; ④ Festuca arundinacea 80%, Poa pratensis 20%. (5) Kentucky bluegrass 40%, tall fescue 60%; ⑥ Kentucky bluegrass 50%, tall fescue 40%, Pennisetum or bentgrass 10%. ⑦ 50% of tall fescue, 30% of Kentucky bluegrass and 20% of fine fox grass; (8) Kentucky bluegrass 80%, Festuca gracilis 20%, Festuca arundinacea 40%, Kentucky bluegrass 30% and Festuca arundinacea 30%; Attending 40% Poa pratensis, 30% Poa pratensis and 30% Festuca arundinacea. In addition, the commonly used mixed sowing combinations in poor areas are: Festuca arundinacea 30%, Poa pratensis 20%, Lolium perenne 10%, white clover 20% and white clover 10%. In plant landscaping, the first thing you should do is to learn and master the characteristics, specifications and growth of various trees, as well as the prevention and control of pests and diseases. And comprehensively consider the scenery after several years, ten years and decades after plant configuration; Ok, I'll be rude if I say any more, hehe.