1. Selection form of heat source for heating system
At present, among many heating methods, central heating occupies the main position, which is adopted in most areas. Central heating can not only keep the indoor temperature uniform and stable, but also does not require any operation by users, so it is very suitable for families with old people and children. However, central heating is limited by housing conditions and has the disadvantage of high use cost. Users can't control the temperature and use time according to their own conditions, and at the same time, they are increasingly restricted by saving resources and protecting the environment. However, many families still face such an embarrassment: no matter whether there are people at home or not, no matter whether all rooms need heating, as long as you choose the central heating method, you must pay according to the housing area, which is not good for office workers who travel outside every day. The choice of building heating system is one of the important measures of building energy saving. Paper format.
As far as architecture is concerned, strict implementation of building wall insulation, thermal performance of doors and windows, roof insulation and household heat metering is the key method to completely reduce building energy consumption. The national condition of China is that only a few regions and projects can invest in building energy efficiency beyond the standard. Therefore, heating systems with low investment and good energy-saving effect should be popularized in buildings.
1. 1 household heat metering for building heating
Household heat metering of building heating is the final result of building energy saving. The primary purpose of household heat metering is to save energy in heating operation and provide control means for heat users, so that they can control the heating quantity according to the needs of thermal comfort. Paper format. Therefore, the heating must be of high quality. Only when the heating quality is high can the heat users be adjustable and energy saving be possible. Otherwise, household heat metering becomes a decoration. Therefore, high-quality heating is the premise of household heat metering in central heating system.
Energy saving in heating system is the main way to achieve the goal of 50% energy saving in buildings. The main energy-saving measures of heating system are: hydraulic balance, pipe insulation, improving boiler thermal efficiency, improving the operation and maintenance management level of heating system, controlling and adjusting room temperature and charging by households.
Welfare heating has been implemented for a long time in China, and the energy consumption has nothing to do with the interests of users. According to the national energy conservation law, household energy consumption must be measured and charged to users. The experience of developed countries tells us that heating metering and charging can save energy by 20 ~ 30%.
1.2 radiant floor heating system
The radiant floor heating system is recognized as one of the most ideal, comfortable and advanced heating methods because of its outstanding characteristics such as energy saving and comfort. Under the same indoor set temperature, the inner surface temperature of the room wall of the floor radiant heating system is obviously higher than that of other heating forms. The increase of indoor surface temperature also increases the average radiation temperature and improves the thermal comfort of human body. At the same time, the indoor air temperature can be slightly reduced to achieve the purpose of energy saving. According to the actual use, the energy saving rate is above 10%.
According to the different paving materials and heating media, floor radiant heating methods can be divided into two types: low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system and heating cable floor radiant heating system. The latter buried the heating cable underground and directly used the electric heating mat to keep warm. Because the heating cable is used for direct heating and heat transfer, it integrates heat source and terminal equipment, and its advantages are more obvious. In recent years, the application technology of heating cable ground radiation heating has been gradually popularized and applied, and many residential quarters have adopted it in a large area, which has received good heating and energy-saving effects.
2. Selection of cold and heat sources of air conditioning system
The choice of cold and heat source mode of central air conditioning system has an important influence on the total energy consumption, project investment, operation benefit and environment of national economy.
The energy consumption of central air conditioning generally includes three parts, namely, cold and heat sources of air conditioning, air conditioning units and terminal equipment, and water or wind conveying system. In these three parts of energy consumption, the energy consumption of cold and heat sources accounts for about half of the total energy consumption, which is the main content of air conditioning energy saving.
Commonly used cold and heat sources mainly include: electric refrigeration unit plus boiler, lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit plus boiler, water source heat pump unit, direct-fired lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit, electric refrigeration unit plus boiler plus ice storage system. These cold and heat source schemes can save energy in different environments. The performance characteristics, energy consumption, one-time investment, environmental pollution and applicable conditions of these cold and heat source equipment are analyzed and compared, and how to reasonably select the cold and heat source of air conditioning plays an energy-saving role under different environmental conditions.
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