Advantages and Disadvantages of Abolishing the Prime Minister in Ming Taizu The abolition of the Prime Minister system is the inevitable result of the strengthening of absolute monarchy. The prime minister system was established in the Qin Dynasty and abolished in the Ming Dynasty. This paper attempts to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the establishment and abolition of the prime minister system. The prime minister can play a dual role in the centralization of China feudal society: he can help the emperor handle government affairs and make confidential decisions; It may also threaten monarchical power because of excessive power, thus forming the contradiction between monarchical power and relative power. After the abolition of the prime minister system in Ming Taizu, the contradiction between monarchical power and relative power can be solved, but it will inevitably lead to an increased burden on the emperor. It is inevitable that the emperor will be biased and hasty when he monopolizes power. This will certainly help to prevent absolute monarchy, strengthen rule and consolidate a unified multi-ethnic country. But there is no mechanism to restrict the monarchy, and the rise and fall of the country depends on the personal quality of the emperor. It is also not conducive to social progress and development. In ancient times, most of the usurpers were ministers of the current dynasty, such as Wang Mang, Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Song, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, Chen Baxian, Emperor Wen of Sui, Zhu Wen, Zhao Kuangyin and others. In view of these historical lessons, after the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang killed the hero and minister. There were two important actions on the issue of waste phase, one was the case of killing Hu. Four prime ministers have been appointed. Among them, Hu Zhuzheng saved the longest time and had the greatest power. In addition, he was also closely related to Ji 'an Hou Lu Zhongheng and Pingliang Hou Fei who were condemned by Zhu Yuanzhang at that time. The political leaders of the imperial court and the military nobles United to alert Zhu Yuanzhang. Hu was arrogant and unruly because of his growing power, which just gave Zhu Yuanzhang a handle. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu (1380), Zhu Yuanzhang killed Hu on the charge of bending the law, took the opportunity to cancel the province of Zhongshu, and made a decree forbidding him to set up the post of prime minister again. Zhu Yuanzhang also used the Hu case to list all the civil and military officials and landlords who were resentful and dangerous to the imperial rule as Hu parties one after another and carried out property raids. The worst time was the twenty-third year of Hongwu, who had retired for many years and was 77 years old. South Korean public official Li Shanchang has more than 70 people. 2 1 person was robbed of his title because of Hu's death or death, and more than 30,000 people died. After the abolition of the prime minister, the emperor had supreme power and centralized power was further strengthened. 2. The establishment of the Cabinet has finally solved the long-standing contradiction between monarchical power and relative power, but after the abolition of the emperor, what can Ming Chengzu do to handle state affairs well? Zhu Yuanzhang set up another secretariat called Cabinet, and the appointed secretary was called "scholar". The rank of college students is very low, only five grades, which is three grades lower than that of heads of ministries (authentic books). Zhu Yuanzhang was complacent about his decision, thinking that the Ming regime could be in power forever. So he ordered that "future generations can never restore the prime minister system. If someone asks so, in death. " Zhu Yuanzhang came from the people, and he established the regime. He can barely cope with complicated government affairs. However, after the founding of several generations, many emperors were born in the palace and spent too little money. Faced with the ever-changing government affairs, they are bound to be at a loss. In the end, they only relied on the cabinet and even entrusted power to eunuchs. In this way, power gradually fell into the hands of college students, like Zhang became a prime minister without a prime minister's name and the cabinet became a prime minister without a middle school. By the end of the Ming dynasty, even a very serious eunuch authoritarian situation was formed. How did the emperor's prevention and control of the cabinet and the university students affect the politics in the middle and late Ming Dynasty? It opened the door for eunuchs to participate in politics, which was an important reason for the increasingly dark political rule in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. (Hongwu) Fifteen years (1382), imitating the Song Dynasty, set up Gai Hua Pavilion, Wuying Pavilion, Wen Yuan Pavilion and Dongge University, and set up Wenwen Pavilion. In order to train the prince ................................................................................................................................................. .......................... Yang Rongdong Palace (Taijingfu) was an old minister, and was promoted to assistant minister of Shi Qi Ritual Department and college student of Huagaidian. He was honored as Taievergreen and a college student in the palace. Later, both He Rong became ministers. Although they lived in the cabinet, officials must respect the ministers. In Jingtai, at the suggestion of Zuo Du, Wang Wen began to enter the official department, and entered the cabinet. Since then, he has been promoted. However, the rights and interests of the exhibition hall are heavy. When Sejong was in power, the three halls were built and the canopy was changed into a central column. I sincerely built poles, so the name of the pavilion came from this. After Jiajing, the imperial court had more than six shifts. -Ming History (Volume 72) The official history of Emperor Gao () stopped writing books in the province, and there were six ministries in the world, and Wendi (Ming) had a cabinet.
Why did the Ming dynasty abolish the prime minister? There was no prime minister in Ming dynasty. In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system for fear that the prime minister's power was too centralized. The Qing dynasty inherited the Ming dynasty and was called "Qingcheng Ming system". The prime minister is commonly known as the prime minister ~ Zhu Yuanzhang didn't say anything after he abolished the prime minister in the early Ming Dynasty ~ The six-cabinet college students (two in each cabinet) * * and the auxiliary government are called the cabinet ~ The chief auxiliary government college students are referred to as the prime minister ~ The Qing Dynasty extended the Ming Dynasty system ~ The official positions of the college students in the Qing Dynasty also followed the Ming Dynasty system, but it was not recorded. So college students are all prime ministers, like the Tang Dynasty. Qing Qianlong and Jiaqing were important ministers in the two dynasties, and the official was a college student in Tairenge. He is famous for being law-abiding, honest and clean, and daring to give advice. His calligraphy is very tasteful, with the bearing of galleries and temples. He is the most famous calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. He likes to use thick ink in books, so the world also calls him "Prime Minister of Thick Ink". There was no prime minister in the Qing Dynasty, and the prime minister was abolished during the reign of Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty. It hasn't been set since. Liu is the prime minister, which is a customary title. Huizhou, in the south of Anhui Province in Chinese mainland, is a part of Anhui. Huizhou is an important economic and cultural place in China in history, and the word "emblem" in the name of Anhui Province comes from Huizhou.
Look at the following materials: Materials 1 Ming Dynasty (1) The names and fates of the past dynasties before the abolition of the prime minister all had a high position as prime ministers. The fundamental reason: the prime minister system has become an obstacle to the strengthening of the autocratic power of imperial power. (2) The Ming Dynasty abolished the prime minister, managed the national political affairs in six parts, and formed a cabinet system, which was an imperial palace service organization that provided advice to the emperor; In the Qing Dynasty, the Ministry of War was added, and Manchu officials trusted by the emperor were appointed as ministers of the Ministry of War. They knelt down and were handed down. The essential problem reflected is that the autocratic imperial power is gradually strengthened and developed to its peak. (3) agree. Influence: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the feudal monarchy in China was strengthened unprecedentedly, and the rule was maintained by high-pressure dictatorship, which showed the decay of the feudal system. The strengthening of absolute monarchy has seriously stifled social creativity and slowed down the pace of social development, which is one of the main reasons why China lags behind the West. .
The fundamental reason and direct reason for the abolition of the Prime Minister in Ming Dynasty: There are countless examples of the Qin Dynasty fooling the imperial power. Zhao Gao is the most famous, followed by Cao Cao and Gao Huan. Therefore, emperors of all dynasties knew that the power of the prime minister was too high, and it was easy to rebel when the new emperor ascended the throne and his position was unstable, so many emperors were trying to abolish the prime minister. For example, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established an internal dynasty. Taking history as a mirror, it is natural for Zhu Yuanzhang to divide the real power of the prime minister from the doctors of the inner dynasty. The problem is that most of the founding emperors will seal the prime minister, which is a way to commend outstanding heroes in the founding period. Isn't it just to seal a wife and son and let others risk their lives for you? Therefore, we must give it first, but we are afraid of endangering the throne of future generations. Therefore, when we get older, we will kill people to ensure that the throne will always belong to our family. However, this behavior also directly affected the emperor's excessive power in the late Ming Dynasty and did whatever he wanted, even refusing to approve it ten times at a time for more than ten years, which directly led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty. .
If Zhu Yuanzhang had not abolished the prime minister, what would have happened in the history of the Ming Dynasty? The high school history teacher answers you.
History cannot be assumed. If this condition changes, no one can say where the wheel will turn.
What I want to tell you is that your hypothesis is unlikely to be established.
The abolition of the prime minister system in Ming Dynasty is not willful but inevitable, or logical.
From the establishment of the Qin autocratic centralization to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Xiang power was almost dismembered and could not compete with the monarchical power.
1, Qin dynasty, the following three public offices are responsible for nine departments respectively.
2. In addition to the main hall, the Han Dynasty also set up an inner court, and the emperor was like a bosom friend.
3. The system of three provinces and six departments has a system similar to the three powers but concentrated on the emperor.
4. Song Dynasty is more direct. On the basis of decentralization in the three provinces, three departments were established to separate the few remaining administrative powers in the hands of the prime minister.
Prime Minister, what else? There is nothing left.
Under such circumstances, it is only a matter of minutes before the Prime Minister turns into garbage and is discarded. It's just that history accidentally chose Zhu Yuanzhang to end the trial of Hulan case, and the prime minister was abolished after being beheaded. Even if Zhu Yuanzhang does not abolish, the rising king will also abolish.