Paper Keywords: Universal Grammar Cognitive Strategy: Minimum Ignorance Scheme Hypothesis

In English education practice, we can introduce positive transfer theory into it, which can effectively improve English learning enthusiasm and learning efficiency. This paper mainly discusses the connotation and application effect of positive transfer theory from four aspects: universal grammar, cognitive strategy, ignorance hypothesis and minimum schema, in order to provide reference for teaching practice.

Although there are many languages in the world, there are similarities in the ways of learning and mastering each language, so the transfer theory is often used in the process of language learning, that is, the process of mastering unknown knowledge through known knowledge. Language transfer can be divided into two situations, one is negative transfer theory and the other is positive transfer theory. Negative transfer theory, also known as interference, is an error or inappropriate form caused by mechanically applying the rules of mother tongue when learning a foreign language. Positive transfer is a phenomenon that mother tongue is conducive to promoting foreign language learning and mastery. We analyze from the following four aspects:

First, the meaning and application of universal grammar

The positive transfer of universal grammar can deepen the deep understanding of the foreign language learned, thus grasping the key part of language learning. There are many language types in the human world, most of which seem irrelevant, but a careful study of language grammar will reveal the differences and limitations between languages, and more of them are similarities, which is why we can learn another language grammar according to the language grammar we have mastered to some extent. The content of universal grammar is that all languages use limited discrete sounds, and on this basis, words and syntactic components can be formed, and infinite sentences can be formed with limited words and syntactic components. The word formation and grammar of each language have certain intersection. In the process of learning a language, we apply the grammatical rules of known languages intentionally or unintentionally, or apply them to the grammatical parts with * * * between languages.

In English education, through the study of universal grammar, we can effectively grasp the structural correspondence between English and Chinese, transfer Chinese grammar knowledge to English learning, deepen memory through comparison, effectively understand the similarities behind different language phenomena, and improve students' English understanding and cognitive ability. For example, in the teaching process, teachers should pay attention to guiding students to discover and observe the similarities and differences between English syntactic components and grammatical components and Chinese, and encourage students to draw inferences from others and constantly improve their ability to choose words and make sentences in English.

In the initial practice of pronunciation, you can also remember English pronunciation according to similar pronunciation. When you are familiar with it, you can guide students to correct their English pronunciation according to the standard pronunciation, so that you can practice more authentic English pronunciation.

Second, the connotation and application of cognitive strategies

Cognitive strategy is an important part of language learning and practical application. The concept of language learning has a profound influence on the whole learning process. If we think that mother tongue interferes with foreign language learning, then we will consciously exclude the favorable factors of mother tongue in foreign language learning and cannot play the positive role of existing language knowledge. On the contrary, we regard the role of mother tongue in foreign language learning as an auxiliary cognitive method, or as a language strategy and intermediary, then we can give full play to the positive role of mother tongue and effectively help us master foreign language knowledge and skills as soon as possible.

In English education, we can explain English language knowledge while combing Chinese language knowledge, and highlight the correlation between English and Chinese by using comparative teaching method. This is very effective in the cognition of basic vocabulary. People in different countries have similarities in their understanding of everything in the world, including the nature of words used and the order of language description, because human activities are based on certain life experience and production order. Although there are some differences between English and Chinese in cultural background and way of thinking, their basic moral understanding and humanistic thought are the same, so the solidified words in the two languages are usually in the same order and follow a linear development path. In English vocabulary teaching, students should be encouraged to skillfully use these inherent laws to memorize and infer English vocabulary, and expand English vocabulary according to known Chinese vocabulary. Compared with rote learning, it is not boring, and it can also improve students' enthusiasm for learning foreign languages, thus improving teaching efficiency.

Third, the connotation and application of the ignorance hypothesis

The general content of the ignorance hypothesis in positive transfer is that when learning a foreign language, we will infer foreign language knowledge and application skills according to the habits of our mother tongue, which can temporarily make up for the lack of foreign language knowledge and ability, meet the needs of communication, turn to existing knowledge and improve the efficiency of foreign language learning.

China's English language environment is weak and there are relatively few opportunities for cross-cultural communication, so it is rarely used in spoken English. Even after studying English for more than ten years, I still stay in the stage of dumb English, so consciously creating language environment is an important content of English teaching. In Chinese communication, we can think about how to change English at any time to promote the awareness of using English language. In the teaching process, you can organize more activities to communicate in English, assuming that you are in a pure English environment, and overcome the thinking obstacles in actual communication. Students should be guided to correctly understand the mistakes in spoken English. In most cases, it is the influence of China people's thinking habits, not the lack of intelligence. Don't stop students from learning English. Teachers should correct students' mistakes in expression in time, make sense, and gradually improve students' self-confidence in learning languages.

Fourth, the minimum plan. Connotation and application

The minimum plan in positive transfer can weaken the interference of mother tongue in foreign language learning, attach importance to the universality of learning process and weaken the role of mother tongue, which requires effective sorting and storage of the basic language situation of mother tongue and foreign language, and strengthen and highlight the grammatical function and related knowledge of foreign language in comparative learning method, which also weakens the role of mother tongue relatively.

Minimalist program plays a more prominent role in English writing teaching. People who use Chinese will be influenced by Chinese thinking when writing in English. The transfer of Chinese thinking can play an intermediary role in the logical conception and analysis of English discourse, that is, we usually use Chinese grammar and syntactic forms to schedule English words and syntactic components, and we can master the basic composition of English writing in a short time, but the English writing level cannot be improved as expected, so we should try our best to reduce the influence of Chinese thinking, not suppress Chinese thinking, but cultivate our understanding and sensitivity to the differences between Chinese thinking and English thinking. In writing, you can change your thinking quickly. The faster the change, the less likely it is to reflect the influence of China's thinking, and finally you can thoroughly think about English logic. This is the learning effect of positive migration.

Summary:

To sum up, we can see the important role of positive transfer theory in English education, which not only provides teachers with feasible concrete methods of English education, but also helps students to learn and accept, and promotes the improvement of students' autonomous learning ability. Therefore, in the teaching process, paying attention to understanding the main points of positive transfer theory and properly integrating it into concrete practice can get twice the result with half the effort, which is worthy of our further reference and exploration.

References:

Xu Wen Iconicity of word order [J]

[2] Pan Wenguo. Outline of Chinese-English Comparison [M]

[3] Zhang Dan, Shi. The application of positive transfer theory in English teaching [J]

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