The following aspects can be counted as plagiarism:

First, it has the same research topic as others, but the research content is the same or very similar.

Second, directly quote the original words or charts in other people's papers, and don't indicate them in footnotes.

Thirdly, the viewpoints in other people's papers are reformed, but the titles of other people's articles are not listed in the references.

Fourth, directly transform other people's articles and publish their own names in other journals.