Lin Sheng in the Southern Song Dynasty

Straight: it's simply.

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This poem was written on the wall of a hotel in Lin 'an City, and it was a political satire poem named Lin 'an House at that time.

In AD 1 126, the Jin people captured Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured two emperors, Huizong and Qinzong. The territory of the Central Plains was completely occupied by the Jin people. Zhao Gou fled to the south of the Yangtze River and ascended the throne in Lin 'an, which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty. Instead of accepting the painful lesson of national subjugation in the Northern Song Dynasty, the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty became angry from embarrassment and tried to strengthen itself. The rulers did not want to recover the lost land in the Central Plains, but begged for peace, surrendered to the outside world, and brutally persecuted Yue Fei and other patriots at home. Politically corrupt and incompetent, dignitaries indulge in debauchery and pleasure. This poem is written for this dark reality. It pours out the indignation pent up in the hearts of the broad masses of people, and also expresses the poet's deep concern for the fate of the country and the nation.

The first two sentences of the poem are "When will the West Lake stop singing and dancing?" Seize the characteristics of Lin 'an City: overlapping green hills, rows of terraces, endless lights and songs and dances, and write down a false picture of prosperity and peace in that year. The poet touched the scene and couldn't help but sigh: "When will the West Lake Dance stop?" When will these lewd songs and dances by Xizi Lake, which kill people's fighting spirit against gold, stop?

The last two sentences, "Warm wind makes tourists drunk and makes Hangzhou a continent", are the poet's further expression of his feelings. The word "warm wind" is a pun, which refers to both the spring breeze in nature and the lewd wind in society. It is this "warm wind" that blows people's minds like they are drunk. "Tourists" cannot be understood as ordinary tourists. It means that the ruling class in the Southern Song Dynasty forgot the national disaster, lived a quiet life and had fun. The words "smoked" and "drunk" in the poem are used very skillfully, vividly depicting the mental state of those dignitaries who indulge in debauchery and ruin the country and the people. At the end, "directly treating Hangzhou as Bianzhou" is a direct rebuke to the Southern Song authorities for forgetting national hatred and family feuds and treating Hangzhou as the old capital Bianzhou. Bitter satire contains great anger and endless worries.

This poem is cleverly conceived and phrased: cynicism is written from a lively scene; Extremely indignant, but not abusive. It is indeed a masterpiece in fable poetry.