First, the format of graduation thesis
Generally speaking, a complete graduation thesis should include cover, title page, original statement, explanation of authorized use of the thesis, Chinese abstract, English abstract, table of contents, text, references, explanations of published papers and participation in scientific research, appendices, thanks, etc. , as shown in figure 4-2.
Figure 4-2
The text is the core content of the graduation thesis, which mainly consists of the following parts:
1. Preface (introduction, preface, introduction)
The preface is the beginning of the graduation thesis, which aims to explain the ins and outs of this study to readers and lead to the text. It is placed before the main body of the paper and cannot exist alone without the main body.
The introduction mainly includes: research status, purpose and background; The nature, scope and importance of the theme; Comment on the existing research results of this topic; Theoretical analysis and basis; Research ideas, methods and experimental means; Research results and conclusions, etc. For some relatively short graduation thesis, the introduction does not need to include all the above contents, just add a short paragraph before the text to play the role of introduction, and even do not need to mark the "introduction". However, in any case, the content of the introduction in the paper is essential. Otherwise, not only the structure is incomplete, but also the subsequent expansion, demonstration and analysis of various contents will appear abrupt and blunt.
The introduction should be concise, don't be similar to the abstract, don't comment on the abstract, don't substitute the text to derive the basic formula, don't evaluate the academic value of this article too much or repeat the usual pleasantries. There is no need to repeat the knowledge and well-known truths in general textbooks in the introduction.
2. Main part
The main part is the core of the paper, occupying most of the space. If the lead is to ask questions, then the subject is to analyze and solve problems. Here, the author should fully expand the topic, expound the research projects and achievements, conduct profound theoretical analysis and meticulous logical argumentation, and accurately clarify Bai Juyi's thoughts, viewpoints and independent opinions. The important academic information and innovation of the paper should be fully and accurately reflected in this part.
To write the main part well, we must first have information and data; Then there must be concepts, judgments, inferences and proofs; Finally, we should form an opinion and have our own unique opinions. It is necessary to use viewpoints to command materials, to clarify viewpoints with materials, and to achieve the organic unity of viewpoints and materials. The writing methods of the topic are vertical, total score, progressive, causal and so on. In order to make it clear, different sequence codes are often used, and subtitles are usually added.
Graduation thesis or argument, or rebuttal, should be arranged according to the law of dialectical thinking, so that the argument is clear, the argument is rigorous, it is logical and integrated from beginning to end, which truthfully reflects the research process, methods, achievements and significance. Design the research plan, organize the evidence materials, design experiments and surveys for the research objects, and get the research results.
On this basis, draw a conclusion.
The contents of the conclusion should include: What does the result of this study indicate? What pattern did you get? What theoretical and practical problems have been solved? After investigation, what amendments, supplements, extensions, confirmations or negatives have been made to the previous research results? The deficiency of this study and the prospect of this study. The conclusion is the final and overall view of the whole thesis, the necessity of the logical development of the main part of the graduation thesis, and the destination of the whole thesis. The conclusion reflects the author's research results and expresses the author's overall views and opinions on the research topic, which is the essence of the full text and the embodiment of the academic value of the paper.
To write a conclusion, we should grasp the essence, reveal the objective law of the development of things and their internal relations, and sublimate perceptual knowledge into rational knowledge; It is necessary to highlight the key points and concentrate on expressing the general views and final conclusions after analysis, demonstration, refinement and induction. It should not be a simple patchwork of various sub-arguments in the main argument, nor should it be a repetition of observation, experiment and investigation results; Accurate, complete, clear, concise, realistic and appropriate; It should be rigorous in logic, sufficient in evidence, rigorous in argument, closely linked and convincing.
Other contents can be compiled with reference to the relevant contents of this book.
Second, the topic of graduation thesis
Graduation thesis is a summary of students' scientific research under the guidance of teachers, which is generally required to be completed within half a year. Because the knowledge that college students have learned in school is limited after all, and the topic of graduation thesis is small, it needs to be carried out under the guidance of teachers. In the past, most graduation thesis topics were assigned by teachers, and students had no experience of choosing topics independently. In fact, the process of topic selection is also a process of cultivating observation ability and training scientific research ability. Therefore, there are more and more independent topics in recent years, or relatively independent topics within the scope specified by teachers.
When determining the topic of graduation thesis, we should pay attention to the appropriate difficulty of topic selection. Generally speaking, a theoretical graduation thesis needs a lot of knowledge and is difficult to learn, but it covers a wide range, which can broaden the thinking, help to fully grasp the relevant theoretical progress and pave the way for future scientific research. The applied subject is relatively easier and more specific, which is very beneficial to the improvement of practical work ability, but because of its narrow scope, it is not conducive to the future research work. When choosing a topic, students should comprehensively consider the difficulty and content according to their own interests, knowledge reserves, expected results and future employment direction, choose the starting point, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and write new ideas.
Third, the writing requirements of graduation thesis
The writing requirements for graduation thesis are:
First, highlight key points and explain them accurately. When writing, we should highlight our own works and pay attention to our own uniqueness, such as new creation, new improvement, new technological process and new achievements. Be rigorous when explaining or demonstrating, and demonstrate or explain with experimental data or survey results designed by yourself.
Second, the structure is reasonable and pays attention to logic. According to the requirements of topic selection, the articles are arranged in a certain logical order. The internal logic of the development and change of things is the basis of layout. It can be from the whole to the part, from the individual to the general, or it can be said in an orderly way according to the work order during the investigation.
Third, illustrated, standardized expression. At the same time of text explanation, charts are often supplemented to explain the problem more concisely and clearly. When dealing with charts, you should properly match the text.
In addition, the graduation project is a technical article. When writing, we should pay attention to the use of quantity and unit, the specification of words and charts, and the specification of format. The graduation thesis not only reflects the scientific research ability, but also reflects the style of study and attitude towards scientific research, so be serious.