First, the similarity of ideological and political education in Chinese and German universities.

Although there are various differences in the specific details of ideological and political education between China and Germany, there are still many similarities from a macro perspective.

1. Political and class nature

The ideological and political education of the two countries, whether explicit or implicit, is basically to stabilize the political power and is a means for the country to realize its ideology. Comparing the training objectives of ideological and political education in the two countries horizontally, both of them well reflect and serve the national goals and tasks. Both China's "Four Newcomers" construction and the cultivation of free citizens in Germany inspire ideological and political education.

2. Moral education is the theme

In order to consolidate its ruling position, the ruling class needs to instill its ideology into citizens through moral education and transform its moral consciousness into citizens' moral quality, thus serving the ruling class. In terms of moral education, universities in both countries have proposed that students can only adapt to the basic moral cultivation required by the current social progress and development if they have noble moral qualities. Therefore, the premise of social stability and progress is moral education.

3. The combination of ideological and political education and psychological education

With the continuous development of the times, both China's ideological and political education and German civic education have made new progress, and in the process of development, psychological education has gradually attracted the attention of educators. Today, with the rapid development of economy and politics, teenagers will encounter many psychological puzzles when facing many social situations and interpersonal problems, which greatly affects the effective process of ideological and political education. Therefore, the mental health of teenagers has become the core issue of ideological and political education, and only by integrating psychological education into ideological and political education.

Everyone attaches great importance to the auxiliary education of campus life.

Both China and Germany pay attention to encouraging students to participate in campus cultural activities, so as to enhance their sense of collective honor and cultivate their spirit of cooperation. Students' participation in community activities, teaching activities, voluntary labor and campus culture construction not only enriches college students' campus life, but also has far-reaching significance for improving their political literacy and cultivating sound personality.

Second, the enlightenment of German university ideological education to China's ideological and political education

The ideological and political education in colleges and universities in China has formed a relatively complete theoretical system. In order to better accept students' ideological and political education, we should learn from each other's strong points and learn from foreign experience in this field to make this system more perfect.

1. Combine implicit education with explicit education and strengthen implicit education.

With the gradual advancement of education reform, China's colleges and universities have reformed the traditional indoctrination education, but the effect is not particularly outstanding. In this regard, we should learn from the beneficial experience of Germany, adopt more hidden infiltration methods in the process of ideological development, and use various forms to infiltrate the contents, requirements and objectives of ideological and political education into their lives and studies, so that they can be educated in a subtle way. We should also pay attention to the hidden education of society and family. At present, the "positive energy" advocated by our society is a good hidden education, which guides people to have a positive attitude towards life and encourages people to face difficulties correctly and overcome them. Family education plays a vital role in children's growth, but parents in our country lack family education for their children. Most parents rely too much on school education, pay attention to their children's cultural achievements and ignore their ideological and moral education.

2. Strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teachers in various professional courses, so that they attach importance to learning.

In the ideological and political education of students in Germany, teachers' own political beliefs are emphasized as a necessary condition for success. German scholar Owen believes that education is effective only if all teachers accept democratic norms ideologically. In China's universities, disciplines are relatively clear, and science and engineering teachers seldom give ideological and political education to students, or even ignore the cultivation of students' humanistic quality, which is outstanding in many science and engineering universities. This has greatly hindered the process of ideological and political education in colleges and universities in China. Therefore, it is also a very important link of ideological and political education to strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teachers, make them pay attention to the ideological and political education of students, and gradually penetrate into the ideological consciousness of students through words and deeds.

3. Strengthen faith education

Germany has promoted the development of the country by instilling the ideas of freedom and democracy and religious education in its citizens. China should take this as a lesson, strengthen the education of socialist values with Marxism as the core, and let college students firmly establish Marxist beliefs and keep in mind the socialist concept of honor and disgrace. Explain Marxism and materialism in simple terms, and make the theory alive and modern. Only in this way can Marxist thought and socialist core values be internalized.

4. Pay attention to the cultivation of students' independent personality, so as to better integrate into social life.

China's ideological and political education pays more attention to the cultivation of unified values, but lacks the cultivation of students' independent personality. In today's diversified economy and politics, the unified world outlook and values are far from meeting the needs of active young students. At this time, ideological and political education should pay more attention to the cultivation of students' independent personality. On the other hand, taking the overall value as the criterion, it is easy to suppress personality. Human development is the most fundamental and basic, and social values must include the diversification of personal values. Therefore, the ideological and political education in colleges and universities in China not only attaches importance to cultivating students' moral quality, but also strengthens the cultivation of students' independent personality.

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