Urban traffic congestion has become a worldwide problem, especially in China with a large population. The following is a paper about traffic jam that I searched and sorted out. Welcome to read!
With the acceleration of urbanization in China, resources and labor are constantly concentrated in cities, which accelerates the development of urban economy. At the same time, the traffic congestion in cities is becoming more and more serious, and the original traffic roads can no longer meet the needs of social development. This paper analyzes and discusses the causes and solutions of urban traffic congestion in China.
Keywords city; Traffic congestion; Reason; Solution suggestion
With the development of national economy and the acceleration of urbanization in China, more and more resources and labor force flock to the city, which promotes the development of the city. At the same time, the problem of traffic congestion is becoming more and more prominent, especially in some big cities. Traffic congestion not only increases the investment cost of the city, wastes a lot of energy, but also increases environmental pollution, damages people's health, brings mental troubles, and also delays people's many things, reduces the efficiency of social activities and causes greater economic losses.
1 Causes of traffic congestion
1. China's urban functional orientation is not well considered, and its goals are similar.
In urban development, functional orientation is the main policy to guide urban development and the direction of long-term urban development planning. From this point of view, the causes of urban traffic congestion in China are that urban planning, nature, structure and function are too advanced, and the pursuit of internationalization is too blind, which leads to incomplete positioning and convergence of goals, mainly reflected in two aspects. First, since the reform and opening up, in order to maximize the benefits, China cities have paid attention to consumer demand, competitive environment and similar goals. Second, influenced by the traditional city concept, it ignores the spatial scope, key areas and target positions of its own roles and tasks.
2. Unreasonable urban planning.
From the perspective of urban planning and layout in China, many big cities are double-center and single-center urban structures, and the politics, culture and economy of cities are basically concentrated in this area, which causes the phenomenon of high population density and large traffic flow in these central areas, and is prone to traffic accidents and vehicle violations, which leads to more serious traffic congestion and urban environmental problems, which is not conducive to the healthy development of cities. In the process of urban development, there is no concern about the good coordinated development between land use and transportation facilities. Beijing, for example, has built many residential areas on the outskirts of the city. However, when they were established, they did not take into account the traffic factors, the related traffic facilities were not perfect, and there was no related industrial planning as a support. They are all residential areas, and many people rush back and forth to work every day, causing serious traffic jams, which are all caused by unreasonable urban planning and traffic road design.
3. The transportation facilities are not perfect and the management is not very scientific.
The roads in historical blocks of many cities in China are relatively narrow, the road planning of new cities is not reasonable and advanced, the building functions on both sides of the street are too concentrated, and many cities adopt the development model of spreading cakes, which makes many transportation infrastructures unable to adapt to economic development and difficult to solve. Moreover, the shortage of urban parking spaces is also a prominent problem, and the gap between parking supply and demand is growing. Imperfect traffic management is one of the main reasons for urban traffic congestion in China. In terms of traffic management, there is no in-depth and detailed research. After the problem appears, it is only solved for the sake of the problem. The comprehensive measures of management are not strong. Although the problem can be solved in the short term, in the long run, new problems will appear and traffic congestion will become more serious. In traffic management, there is no long-term traffic planning and traffic strategy, which will lead to a situation of large investment and small income.
4. People's traffic awareness is not high, and the demand for vehicle consumption is increasing.
Traffic participants have poor awareness of urban traffic maintenance, which often leads to the phenomenon of illegal walking and illegal occupation of roads. Many pedestrians run red lights, can't obey the traffic rules, and motor vehicles grab the road. There are also many cyclists who run red lights and jaywalk. Some drivers drive to the sidewalk instead of going their own way, which makes the traffic jam more serious. With the improvement of people's living standards, more and more people have joined the car owners, and the increase rate of vehicles is increasing every year, which makes the urban traffic flow increase and the urban traffic road burden increase.
2 Suggestions to solve urban traffic congestion
1, the urban function positioning is reasonable.
Reasonable urban function orientation is the fundamental measure to solve the traffic congestion in China. In order to effectively realize the optimal development of the city, it is necessary to combine the development environment and trends at home and abroad, as well as the development situation of other major cities in relevant areas, make full use of each other's advantages, accurately locate the scale, nature, function and structure of the city, and rationally and scientifically locate the urban functions, so as to fundamentally solve the traffic congestion problem in China, guide the development direction of the city, clarify the development priorities and objectives, effectively guide market behavior and effectively gather various elements.
2. Scientific and rational urban planning
Scientific and reasonable urban planning includes urban master planning and comprehensive transportation planning. To solve the problem of traffic origin at the level of overall planning, it is necessary to strengthen the rationality of land planning and urban structure layout, consider the factors of urban location and historical solidification, rationally arrange and standardize the functional areas and infrastructure of urban spatial groups, appropriately control the scale of cities, and vigorously develop efficient and low-cost public transportation or rail transit; Comprehensive traffic planning should pay attention to derivation, rationally plan the scale and layout of road network, scientifically analyze traffic demand, complete data analysis methods and traffic surveys, make overall consideration of all traffic planning, strengthen traffic impact assessment and analysis, let traffic guide urban development and green guide urban development mode, from cultivating good travel habits to protecting the environment and saving resources.
3. Implement the bus priority strategy
Public transport has the advantages of large passenger capacity, relatively small emissions and high utilization rate of traffic roads. According to the passenger capacity, the exhaust emission of public transport is only110 of that of small cars. A long time ago, European and American countries put forward the concept of post-automobile era. The core point is to strengthen traffic demand management, reasonably guide the economical use of private cars, and advocate the development of public transportation. Nowadays, many countries and cities advocate bus priority in their traffic development principles. According to the scale, nature and functional orientation of different cities in China, formulate reasonable and scientific public transport planning, coordinate with the overall urban planning, establish urban transfer, ground bus, subway, tram and other transportation systems, and encourage policies to implement bus lanes, single ticket system or bus subsidies.
4. Increase traffic technology innovation and implement scientific and reasonable traffic management.
Scientific traffic management by means of modern technology, strengthening the introduction of traffic technology, improving the public transportation system of the original city by using new technology, taking intelligent transportation as the focus of scientific and technological progress in the transportation industry, and improving the scientific and technological content of related infrastructure such as station management system, inquiry system and dispatching system in vehicle operation, especially intelligent transportation system, can effectively solve the traffic congestion problem and create a good urban environment. For example, Beijing began to implement intelligent traffic management, and its green waves appeared in the urban area of Beijing. On the same trunk line, traffic lights can be automatically adjusted and replaced according to the incoming traffic, and centralized control can be carried out according to the traffic flow on the road, effectively converting traffic flow, passenger flow and data flow, and realizing regional networking. At the same time, we should strengthen the legislation and law enforcement of traffic road space management, equip enough parking spaces and parking lots, and standardize parking behavior. The activities and behaviors of small service facilities along the street should be limited to a certain road space, and some policies should be formulated to guide and standardize private cars in order to improve traffic operation.
5. Strengthen the traffic quality of traffic participants.
To strengthen the quality of traffic participants, we should not only rely on technical means and systems, but also strengthen education and publicity. We can often carry out publicity activities to mobilize traffic participants to consciously maintain traffic order, and use TV, radio, newspapers and other media, or traffic knowledge contests, special lectures and other media to publicize the traffic system and significance, so as to improve the traffic awareness and quality level of traffic participants. It is also necessary to strengthen the construction of the legal system, strengthen the enforcement of pedestrians and illegal drivers, cultivate good traffic habits and reduce traffic problems.
3 Conclusion
With the acceleration of urbanization, the development of national economy and the increase of the number of motor vehicles in China, the problem of urban traffic congestion has been puzzling major cities in China, which has brought great influence on the development of cities and the health of urban residents in China. There are many reasons for urban traffic congestion. In order to realize the good operation of urban traffic, we should analyze the causes of traffic congestion, formulate reasonable solutions and implement them, so as to effectively improve the traffic speed of cities in China.
refer to
[1] Gao Minghua, Zhang Zhenghe, Countermeasures to Solve Traffic Congestion in Big Cities [J], Urban Problems, 2009( 10)
[2] Zhang Hongbing, Zhou Xiaofang, China's urban traffic congestion status and thinking [J], rural economy and technology, 20 12(02)
[3] Peng Jun, Wang Jiangfeng, Wang Na, Analysis of Traffic Congestion in China and Control Strategies [J], China Science and Technology Information, 20 1 1( 16).
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