Aesthetic education is also called aesthetic education. It is an education that uses natural beauty, social beauty and artistic beauty to cultivate a correct aesthetic view, noble moral sentiment and the ability to feel, appreciate and create beauty. Educating people in an aesthetic way affects people's body and mind and purifies, sublimates and improves people. In primary school, aesthetic education, like moral education, intellectual education, physical education and labor education, aims to promote students' all-round development and make students' aesthetic activities and aesthetic creation develop healthily through aesthetic education.
The Outline of Nine-year Compulsory Education Full-time Primary School Art Teaching (hereinafter referred to as the Outline) clearly points out: "The primary school art course is a compulsory art education course in the primary stage of compulsory education and an important way to educate students in aesthetic education. It plays an important role in running through the educational policy of all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, improving the quality of the whole nation and cultivating socialist citizens with ideals, morality, culture and opportunities. " On the principle of selecting teaching content, the Outline also points out: "The selection of teaching content of art class in primary schools should be beneficial to students' aesthetic education and improve their aesthetic quality. "According to the outline, teachers should not only train skills, but also cultivate students' aesthetic education and creativity.
How to effectively cultivate students' aesthetic education?
First, the emotional cultivation method
Aesthetic education is to purify people's mind with truth, goodness and beauty, including thoughts and feelings, personality quality, moral sentiment and cultural accomplishment. Aesthetic education can improve students' ability to correctly judge the truth, goodness, beauty, falsehood, ugliness and ugliness of human society, make people's character pure and noble, and then beautify their body and mind. Russian educator ushinski once said: "Nature, beautiful suburbs, rich valleys, undulating Yuan Ye, turquoise spring and golden autumn are not our teachers ... I am convinced that beautiful scenery has such a great influence on the development of youth temperament that teachers can hardly match it." This passage fully illustrates the importance of natural scenery to the cultivation of students. Therefore, in different seasons, take students into the embrace of nature, feel infinite interest, listen to the songs of mountain springs and streams, and revel in the mountain streams full of wild flowers. Their influence on people can't be replaced by a thousand words of any excellent teacher. Nature shows us all the beautiful things. It snows in winter, the red leaves fall in autumn, the blue sea and yellow sand in summer, the green grass and red flowers in spring, the green mountains and green waters, the rising sun and the setting sun, the blue sky and white clouds, the exotic flowers and plants ... the colorful scenes and things in nature, as well as all kinds of people and things, are all rich sources for us to obtain appearances. We should give students more opportunities to observe nature, get in touch with the acoustic environment, and let them appreciate all the beauty in nature. Let's lead the students to let go of their thoughts, move the art class outdoors, and then bring back the representation knowledge obtained directly after class, so that colorful colors can shine in the classroom.
As Rodin said: "The so-called master is a person who sees what others have seen with his own eyes and can make a difference in what others are used to." In appreciating nature, guiding students to observe and putting them in a beautiful natural environment will play a subtle role in students' aesthetic cultivation.
Second, the passion to attract interest method
A successful art class should first make children have a strong interest, great enthusiasm and curiosity in the new knowledge they have accepted. Because interest and curiosity are the main motivation for children to learn. Practice has proved that students can't show interest in the content if they don't actively participate in cognitive activities. Interest is closely related to curiosity, and curiosity is the forerunner of interest. Without curious psychological activities, there will be no interest. Only when students are interested in learning can they actively participate. Teachers are good at stimulating students' strong interest, which is an important part of forming an active classroom atmosphere. Piaget, a famous psychologist, once pointed out: "Teachers should not try to impose knowledge on students, but should find materials that can arouse children's interest and stimulate them, and then let children solve problems by themselves." In order to stimulate students' interest in learning, teachers can turn new knowledge into interesting stories to tell them. For example, when you introduce students to Chinese painting, one of the characteristics is that ink can't be changed, you can tell such a story. According to legend, once upon a time, there was a talented court painter who was given a portrait of Zi Ling by the emperor himself and asked him to paint on it. The painter drank a few glasses of wine because he was happy, but his hand was shaking when he was painting, and he shook off a drop of ink on Zi Ling. The painter broke out in a cold sweat because he would lose his head if he polluted what the emperor gave him. Later, the painter used his quick wits to turn ink into flies, and this painting was praised by the emperor. The teacher spoke vividly and the children listened with relish. Because of the strong appeal of short stories, children have a strong interest and curiosity in Chinese painting, and the classroom atmosphere is active. The students' eagerness to try is beyond words. Irrevocable ink often makes students cautious and afraid to write, which is a difficult point in teaching. However, after listening to this little story told by the teacher, the creativity of the students and the wisdom of the ancients eliminated their worries, and the children boldly put down their paintings.
When cultivating students' aesthetic quality, we must make them establish a healthy aesthetic view, distinguish beauty from ugliness, love beauty and accept the cultivation of beauty. Only when students develop a healthy, correct, noble and positive aesthetic view and astute discriminating ability can they deeply understand and appreciate the noble quality of the characters in the works and the thoughts and feelings expressed in the contents of the works, and can they better distinguish their essence, thus improving the discriminating level and enhancing the emotional judgment ability of loving truth, goodness and beauty and hating falsehood and ugliness, thus achieving our real educational purpose.
The cultivation of primary school students' aesthetic ability is a very important part of art education. Training methods and forms are also varied. While applying skills training, we should cultivate students' aesthetic ability and artistic and cultural accomplishment. We should guide students to nature and life, and promote their all-round development in knowledge, emotion, will and behavior.