Xiangzi's hometown is in the countryside. When his parents died at the age of eighteen, he went to Beiping to make a living. With that strong, wooden, diligent and honest country boy, he did a lot of money-making things. Finally, he decided that pulling a cart was the best money-making job. When he pulled the rented new car, he made up his mind to save money to buy his own car. Xiangzi scrimped, smoked, drank and gambled, and finally spent three years collecting 100 hard-earned money to buy a new car. I feel that life is full of hope, and the more I pull, the harder I work. However, the good times did not last long. Warlords scuffled outside Beiping, and soldiers grabbed people and cars everywhere. One day, in order to earn two more dollars, Xiangzi invited guests out of the city by luck. Unexpectedly, on the road, people and cars were caught by more than a dozen soldiers. In the military camp, he carries luggage for the soldiers every day, draws water and boils water to feed the animals. He felt sorry for the car he had worked hard for. Later, after the defeat, Xiangzi slipped back from the barracks in the dark. He also pulled three camels left by the soldiers when they retreated and sold them to 35 yuan. Since then, he has been nicknamed "Xiangzi Camel". Xiangzi has no home, so he lives in the garage in Si Liu. Si Liu has more than 60 cars in his garage, and his daughter Tigress helps him manage them. Tigress is a 37-year-old girl, dignified and strong, like a man. Master Si Liu is in charge, and Tigress is in charge. Father and daughter manage people and the garage like iron barrels. It seems that he has a soft spot for cars, and he doesn't want to be idle at ordinary times, cleaning cars, cheering up, hanging ponchos, refueling ... having fun. So sometimes, although Xiangzi didn't pull Si Liu's rickshaw, Si Liu let him stay in the factory all the time. One night, Tigress lured him to drink, and then slept with Xiangzi all night. Xiangzi woke up depressed and began to try to avoid her. Just as Mr. Cao, an old customer, asked him for a monthly subscription, Xiangzi moved to Cao Zhai with joy. Unexpectedly, Tigress put a pillow in her waistband, stood up and said that she was pregnant with Xiangzi's child, threatening Xiangzi to marry her. Xiangzi can only be at her mercy. Mr. Cao's socialist remarks caught the detective's attention and he had to hide far away. He sent Xiangzi home to deliver the letter. As a result, Xiangzi was blackmailed by Detective Sun, and his plan to buy a car went bankrupt. Xiangzi had no choice but to go back to the garage. Si Liu couldn't stand his daughter hooking up with that smelly rickshaw, forcing her to make a choice. Tigress insisted on choosing Xiangzi, but Si Liu immediately fell out with Tigress and kicked Xiangzi out. Tigress asked Xiangzi to tell Si Liu that he was soft-hearted and resigned to his fate, but Xiangzi refused. So Tigress simply rented a house, hired a sedan chair and married Xiangzi. She used her private money to buy Xiangzi's neighbor Er Qiangzi's car at a low price. Soon Tigress was really pregnant. He worked hard to pull a rickshaw to make money, fell ill and used up Tigress's savings. Joel Hadron's daughter Joey also helps with the housework. Tigress died in childbirth. Xiangzi sold the car to attend Tigress's funeral. Joy is interested in Xiangzi, and Xiangzi likes her very much, but she can't afford two younger brothers and a drunken father. He said to Joey, "When I get mixed up, I'll marry you." He found another garage and pulled up the rickshaw. When Mr. Cao came back from refuge, he asked Xiangzi to come back to collect the moon and promised him to take Xi 'er to live with him. However, Joy was sold into a brothel and died. Xiangzi lost his mind in the street and finally completely degenerated. He ate, drank, whored, gambled, got gonorrhea, became lazy and oily, and betrayed his friends. He didn't go back to Mr. Cao's house, and finally made a living by doing odd jobs for people who arranged weddings and funerals, and Xiangzi also came to his end. The background of the times Camel Xiangzi is Lao She's masterpiece, written in 1936. Influenced by the British writer Dickens, the author created works with Dickensian writing skills such as Lao Zhang's Philosophy and Zhao Ziyue, and also created humorous works such as A Tale of Cat City. But Lao She came back from England in 1930, and the style of his works began to become heavy in front of the motherland. Camel Xiangzi was his work at that time. The whole novel takes the three ups and downs of Xiangzi's car purchase as the central clue of plot development, vividly shows the miserable life of rickshaw pullers in the old society, and artistically summarizes Xiangzi's miserable life from full of hope to struggle to mental breakdown and degeneration. He enthusiastically chose Xiangzi's original excellent qualities of kindness, simplicity and love of labor, and angrily exposed and denounced the dark society that pushed Xiangzi into the abyss of depravity. The novel also strongly shows that it is only an illusion to get rich by personal struggle in the old society. It reflects the tragic fate of the self-employed in old China in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The author's life is Lao She (1899- 1966), a famous contemporary writer and people's artist in China, Manchu, whose real name is Shu Qingchun, and she. He was familiar with the life of the urban poor since he was a child, dissatisfied with all kinds of unreasonable social phenomena, and sympathized with people living at the bottom of society. 1926, he published his first novel, Lao Zhang's Philosophy, and later wrote two novels, Zhao Ziyue and Ermayina. /kloc-in the summer of 0/930, he left England and returned to China, where he taught at cheeloo university College of Literature and edited Qilu Monthly. During this period, he wrote many novels and some short stories such as Cat City, Divorce, and The Legend of Niu Tianci. 1934 to 1936 went to Qingdao as a professor of Chinese Department of Shandong University and continued to write. His main works include the short story Taking Office, Crescent Moon, Broken Soul Gun and the novel Camel Xiangzi. Most of his early works are based on the life of the lower class residents in the city, exposing and criticizing the old society, and his style is humorous, relaxed and concise. Among them, Camel Xiangzi marks a new stage of Lao She's novel creation. During the eight-year Anti-Japanese War, he actively engaged in literary creation with the theme of unity against Japan, including Remnant Fog, Country First (Cooperation with Song Zhi), Face Problems, and other novels, such as Cremation, Four Generations under One Family, First, Second, Drag Out an Ill Life and Collection of Short Stories. 1in March, 946, he and Cao Yu were invited to give lectures in the United States, and completed the third Famine under Four Generations and the novel Drummer. 19491February, inspired by new China, Lao She returned to the motherland. 195 1 year1February, Lao She was awarded the honorary title of "People's Artist" by the Beijing Municipal People's Government. During this period, in addition to writing prose, Quyi and literary papers, he mainly devoted himself to drama creation, and created more than 20 plays, including Fang Mingzhu, Longxugou, Qiu Chunhua Stone, Teahouse and Family Portrait. Longxugou is one of the most influential plays in China in the early days of the People's Republic of China. Teahouse shows the skillful artistic style of Lao She's drama creation and is an excellent masterpiece with world influence. At the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Lao She was devastated and framed by the Gang of Four, including his wrongful death. Lao She has made an indelible contribution to the cause of China's new literature all his life. Man has raised himself from the beast, but now he has banished his own kind to the beast. Xiangzi is still in the city of culture, but he has become an animal. It's not his fault at all. He stopped thinking, so even if he killed someone, he wouldn't be responsible. He lost hope and fell into a bottomless pit. He eats, he drinks, he whores, he gambles, he is lazy, he is cunning, because he has no heart, and his heart has been taken away. All he has left is that tall meat shelf, waiting to fester, ready to die in chaos. Winter has passed, and the sunshine in spring is the clothes that nature gives everyone. He sold all the cotton rolls. He should eat and drink well, don't keep his winter clothes, and don't want to see winter again. Have a happy day today and die tomorrow! Who cares if winter is winter? It's a pity that it's winter and I'm still alive. Let's talk about it. Originally, when he remembered it, he thought of it all his life; Now, he only cares about the present. Experience tells him that tomorrow is only a continuation of today, and tomorrow inherits today's grievances. He felt very happy when he sold his cotton-padded clothes. What's wrong with holding cash? A gust of wind will choke him to death. Why did he keep it for the winter? Slowly, he wants to sell everything, not only clothes, but anything that is not used for the time being. He likes to watch his things turn into money and be spent by himself; If you spend it yourself, it won't fall into other people's hands. This is the safest. Sell things and buy them when necessary; What if you can't afford it? You don't need it. It doesn't matter if you don't wash your face or brush your teeth Save money and trouble. Meet who decently? It's true that you wear rags and eat pancakes with sauce and meat in your bellies! There are good things in your stomach, even if you die, you will have oil and water, not like a starving mouse. Xiangzi, what a decent Xiangzi, became a thin and dirty coachman. He doesn't wash his face, bathe or wash clothes, and sometimes he doesn't shave his hair for more than a month. He doesn't care about his car, whether it's a new car or a used car, as long as it's small. Pull business, a little sweetness, he poured it out halfway. If the bus driver refuses, he will stare, fight and live in the police area for two days. A man is pulling a car and walking slowly. He is distressed by his sweat. As soon as he got on the bus, he ran away happily, just to leave others behind. At this time, he is also very good at finding fault, cutting across other cars, deliberately turning sharply, stroking the car behind him and grabbing the car in front. Originally, he thought that pulling a rickshaw was to save his life, and he was in danger of falling to his death if he was not careful. Now, he deliberately plays bad; It doesn't matter who falls to death, everyone deserves to die! He regained his silence. If you don't tell him, he will eat, he will drink and he will break. Speech is the exchange of opinions and feelings between people. He has no opinion and no hope. Why are you talking? In addition to bargaining, he kept his mouth shut all day; The mouth seems to be specially prepared for eating, drinking tea and smoking. Even when he is drunk, he doesn't make a sound. He would sit in a secluded place and cry. Almost every time I get drunk, I cry in the Woods where Joy hangs. After crying, he stayed in the White House. When I woke up from the wine, I washed my hands and got sick. He has no regrets; If he has regrets, he regrets why he was so strong, so cautious and so honest. All the regrets are over, and there is nothing to regret now. Witty words ◆ Rain has given to the rich and also to the poor; To the righteous and to the unjust. In fact, rain is unfair because it falls in an unfair world. Love or not, the poor have to rely on money to decide, "love" is only born in the rich family. Experience is the fertilizer of life, what kind of experience will make you who you are, and peony cannot be raised in the desert. The greatest sacrifice is to endure humiliation, and the greatest humiliation is to be prepared for resistance. The reading guide of Camel Xiangzi is Lao She's masterpiece and his "first shot as a professional writer". Lao She is very satisfied with this work, comparing it to Tan Calling Tian Singing Dingjun Mountain. Camel Xiangzi describes the tragic experience of Xiangzi, an upright and strong young driver, from hope, frustration, struggle to despair and finally reduced to urban garbage, revealing the oppression and exploitation of the working people in the dark old society, expressing deep sympathy for the workers and criticizing selfish and narrow individualism. "Camel Xiangzi" takes Xiangzi's three ups and downs of buying and selling cars as a clue to start the story. The structure is simple and meticulous, and the plot arrangement is patchy. The author combines China's traditional narrative method with the scenery arrangement and psychological description of foreign literature, and creates a series of vivid characters. Among them, the appearance of the hero and the tigress won the favor of readers with their unique artistic charm, which profoundly reflected the darkness of the old society. Xiangzi was originally an upright, kind and hardworking man. He makes money by working wholeheartedly. His greatest wish in life is to buy a car. In the distance, he wants to open a factory, marry an innocent girl and live a good life. This wish is not high, but in such a dark society, a humble driver's hope of "buying a car" has become an extravagant hope. He struggled for hope again and again, fell into disappointment again and again, and finally even the hope of life was shattered. Tragic color is a major feature of Camel Xiangzi. In the novel, not only the appearance, but also the overbearing Si Liu, the arrogant and provocative tigress, the kind and strong joy, and the grandparents and grandchildren of the lonely pony are gradually heading for despair. The tragedies of these characters constitute social tragedies. The language of Camel Xiangzi is unique. The author vividly depicts the manners and manners of the lower class people in Beiping with the processed and refined Beijing dialect. The author also describes the natural features of Beiping and the ancient capital customs of Beijing dialect with simple and natural brushstrokes, which makes the works rich in regional culture and market atmosphere. Another feature of the work is the delicate and in-depth portrayal of the characters' psychology. Xiangzi was taciturn, and the author used a great psychological description to show his personality characteristics and the process of ideological change. Based on the understanding of the lower class people in Beiping and the familiarity with the little people, the author vividly depicts the psychology of the lower class people in simple language. China's modern literary world has advocated civilian literature since the May 4th Movement, but it was not until the birth of Camel Xiangzi that the working people really became the protagonists, and were represented and described by the novel art. Lao She established the status of the first urban civilian literature because of Camel Xiangzi. Camel Xiangzi was first serialized in Cosmic Wind on 1936 and first published on 1939. In the next 60 years, many publishing houses published dozens of editions. Since the 1940s, Camel Xiangzi has been translated into English, Japanese, French, German, Russian and other languages and distributed in many countries and regions. It is deeply loved by readers and enjoys a high international reputation. real

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