When I was very young, I often heard the old man at home say: there is no one in this world. Because of Nu Wa's powerful ability to imitate and create people with clay, she is called the mother of the earth. Of course, Nu Wa is only the goddess of creation in China mythology, and has never really existed. Like the ancient western countries, their understanding of the origin of human beings is also related to various myths and stories.

So, when did humans begin to live on the earth? It can be said that there is still no definite answer to this question. Even though the theory of evolution has long been written into textbooks, it is still a hypothesis because of the lack of some fossil evidence in the transitional stage. Just like there are so many scientists all over the world, we don't know how many years humans can survive on the earth, and we haven't found any other planets except the earth for the time being.

Many people have heard of evolution, but few people really understand it. Otherwise, there would be no such thing as "people become monkeys", which is why many people question the theory of evolution. The reason is also very simple. It's hard to explain why all monkeys turn into people, but there are still so many monkeys living in nature and even being kept in zoos for people to enjoy.

In fact, no scientist has said that humans evolved from monkeys. At present, Australopithecus is recognized by the scientific community, which is the extinct genus. They should be the late representatives of people who were in the process of forming at that time. Australopithecus fossils were first discovered in 1924, and the location of discovery gradually expanded from Northwest Province of South Africa to East Africa and South Africa, so they gradually collected more comprehensive fossil structures, such as limbs, pelvis and skull.

The second controversy about the origin of human beings is the theory that people originated in Africa and walked out of Africa. As you can see, people living on the earth have the same body structure, but their skin color and facial features are obviously different because of different regions and races, such as African blacks, Asian yellow people and some western whites. These seemingly different people have the same ancestor, so some people are puzzled.

In fact, whether the yellow race, the white race, the black race and the brown race are the same person and the same ancestor can also be demonstrated from the perspective of reproductive isolation. People think that racial combination of different colors is very common in today's society. For example, there are many black people in Chengdu, Guangzhou, and many of them marry and have children with local people. But, you see, they also gave birth to normal children, and these children also have the ability to reproduce.

Objectively speaking, the origin of human beings is still inconclusive, but the existing fossil evidence shows that there is indeed more than one kind of human beings on the earth, such as the extinct Neanderthals. Because they exchanged genes with our ancestor Homo sapiens, a small number of Neanderthal genes can still be detected in people including Asians. However, due to some unknown reasons, Neanderthals disappeared from the earth. Some people speculate that it was caused by competition, while others suspect that it was related to climate change at that time. However, there is no exact statement about what caused extinction.

Many people should have read the research papers on the origin of human beings in Africa, and many of them are based on fossils to find the answer. In fact, the theory of "going out of Africa" is also controversial in the scientific community, that is, did ancient humans spread out of Africa at one time or gradually spread out in the form of multiple waves?

Another new study has been published, starting from a vertebra 6.5438+0.5 million years ago, which was discovered in Israel. When studying this vertebra, some researchers found that humans are likely to migrate from Africa many times.

You know, before this, a human fossil was discovered in Magnisi, Germany, 6.5438+0.8 million years ago, but the fossils of these two different periods still have many different characteristics, which means that these two fossils probably did not come from the same kind of human, which means that ancient humans probably did not leave Africa at the same time.

More specifically, this vertebra 1.5 million years ago shows that although the age of the deceased was 6 to 12 years old, her height was about 155 cm and her weight was 45 to 50 kg, which was equivalent to that of modern humans1/kloc-0 to/kloc. 1.8 million years ago, human fossils were different. The height of death in adulthood is 1.45 to 1.66 meters.

Of course, some scientists have said that even if the survival and death time of these fossil individuals are different, it is impossible to draw the conclusion that human beings are scattered out of Africa in batches from individual specimens, because it is difficult to rule out whether this large fossil individual is caused by some abnormal disease, and it is impossible to directly represent the whole species with this individual. Therefore, more ancient fossils and stone evidence are needed to prove the theory that human beings are coming out of Africa.