How to write the opening report of graduation thesis

Before writing the graduation thesis, students should write the opening report, so as to guide the teacher to determine its feasibility according to the students' review of the literature and understanding of the topic.

The opening report is a written report and brief explanation by the author to the tutor and audience of the graduation thesis defense Committee on the content and ideas of his preliminary selected topic.

The purpose of writing the opening report is: firstly, the author can outline the content framework, research status, significance, difficulties and innovations, cultural structure, main cited materials and bibliography of the topic, and make an orderly combination of the causes and effects of the topic, so as to make full preparations for writing the graduation thesis. Second, the author can listen to other people's valuable opinions extensively, and on this basis, rearrange the ideas of the paper to make its structure more complete and its content more informative.

Basic components of initial report

1, graduation thesis topic

The title of the thesis is written in both Chinese and English, with Chinese at the front and English at the back. The purpose is to define the general scope and direction of the graduation thesis, that is, the topic. Try to be concise and eye-catching. Generally no more than 15-20 words. Subtitles can be used if necessary.

2. The purpose of this topic.

Taking the direction of middle school English teaching method as an example, this paper explains what problems should be solved in English teaching and learning, theory and practice, which should be prominent and difficult to solve in teaching practice; Or a problem that has never been solved before and can fill a gap in a certain field.

3. The research status of this topic in the same industry at home and abroad.

What aspects of related research have scholars at home and abroad done on this topic, and what is the status of this topic in domestic and foreign research? Is it an unexplored field or an in-depth study based on previous studies? What are the papers and works related to this topic at home and abroad?

4. The motivation and significance of studying this topic.

What is the basis of this topic? Why did you bring up this topic? What is the significance of this research? Theoretically, what are the breakthroughs in this subject and what is its value orientation? What does this topic have to do with related fields? What role will it play in English teaching? From a practical point of view, does this topic help English teachers and students to grasp the trend of teaching and learning, make people take fewer detours in the process of English teaching and learning, and improve the quality of English teaching?

5. Main viewpoints, contents, emphases and difficulties of this study.

What are the important points and characteristics of this research? What is the focus of the study? Where is the difficulty of the research? How to make a deeper theoretical discussion on English teaching in theory and practice? How to improve English teaching in combination with English teaching practice? What are the new viewpoints on this topic? Does it fill the gap in the same industry research at home and abroad?

6. The writing framework of this topic.

The framework can be expressed in the form of an outline, which generally includes the following contents:

Introduction: Ask questions and clarify opinions.

Argument: analyze the problem and clarify your point of view. Generally including: the cause and harmfulness of the problem; The importance and necessity of solving problems; This paper demonstrates the methods of solving problems in theory, and expounds the strategies and practices of solving problems in combination with teaching practice. In addition, the effectiveness of this method is proved by the actual data.

Conclusion: Through the analysis and demonstration of the problem, what is the result? What is the guiding significance for English teachers and learners? What aspects need further study? What are its shortcomings?

Bibliography: Bibliography is generally arranged in alphabetical order, with English reference books at the front and Chinese reference books at the back.

7. Research basis

What kind of study, research or article did the author do before choosing this topic? Explain why I can finish my graduation thesis writing on time.

8. Research methods

Common research methods include: observation, investigation, description, experiment, demonstration, literature, case study, comparative study, experience summary, practical reflection, measurement, quantification, action research, tabulation, illustration and content analysis. For example, the experimental method is to compare English teaching classes; The method of investigation is to find a solution to the problem through questionnaires, inquiries, questions and answers.

A subject may need one or more research methods according to the specific situation.

9. Writing Steps and Tasks

Including: the first draft of the topic opening report, the formal opening report and outline, the completion of the first draft, the second draft, the third draft, the final draft, and the time for thesis defense.

Chinese example of opening report

Title: Chinese translation of English metaphors

(On the Chinese Translation of English Metaphors)

1) Research status of this topic at home and abroad.

The study of metaphor has formed a relatively complete system abroad, among which Lakoff &; Johnson (1987) is the most representative study, but the study of its Chinese translation is rare. China's metaphor study is mainly influenced by Leikauf-Johnson theory, with Hu Zhuanglin and Zhu Yongsheng as the main representatives. In the study of metaphor translation, Li (1990) and (1994) compared the vehicles of English and Chinese idioms and proverbs, and discussed their translation methods. In recent publications, there are articles about team metaphor translation, among which Xu Lina's metaphor translation is the main representative. However, its research scope is limited to the metaphorical translation of literature and rhetoric.

2) The significance, emphases, difficulties and innovations of this topic.

Significance: This topic breaks through the traditional limitations of metaphor translation in the fields of poetics, rhetoric and literature. Because "translation is a cross-language and cross-cultural communication activity" (Chen Hongwei: 1996), translation plays a very important role in the cultural communication among ethnic groups. Our study of metaphor translation in daily language should be combined with the study of English language and cultural background.

Focus: This topic mainly discusses the universality, translatability and translation methods of metaphors in everyday English.

Difficulty: How to make an in-depth theoretical discussion on the Chinese translation of metaphors in daily language from the perspective of cultural communication.

Innovation: Study the theories and methods of translating metaphors into Chinese in everyday English.

3) The structure and brief description of the paper.

1. Introduction

2. The universality of metaphor in everyday English.

2. 1 Definition of metaphor

2.2 Common book language about metaphor research

2.3 Metaphors in English everyday language

3. The characteristics of metaphor in English daily language

3. 1 Classification of Metaphors in Everyday Language

3. 1. 1 idiom

3. 1.2 Neonatal metaphor

3.2 English metaphor and Chinese metaphor

3.3 The translatability of metaphors in everyday English

4. Implicit translation from everyday English to Chinese.

4. 1 translation standard

4.2 Difficulties in translating metaphors into Chinese in everyday language

4.3 Chinese translation process of argot in daily language

4.4 Basic methods and principles of translating metaphors into Chinese in everyday language

5. Methods and skills of translating metaphors into Chinese in everyday language.

5. 1 literal translation method

5.2 Free translation method

5.3 Translation methods

5.4 Combination of literal translation and free translation

4) Bibliography

Brocchi, Linda. Review: Language in Metaphor. (College English January, P50, pp. 89-94), 1988.

Di Chin & Eugene Nida. On translation. Beijing: China Translation Publishing Company, 1984.

Leikauf company. Metaphor of Our Living in Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1987.

Eugene Nida. William, Leiben. The significance of cross-culture, new york Orbismarino Bookstore, 198 1.

…

Chen Hongwei's New Practical Chinese-English Course, Wuhan: Hubei Education Press, 1996.

English Idioms and Chinese Idioms, edited by Chen Wenbo, Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1980.

Deng Yanchang and Liu Runqing, Language and Culture, Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1989.

Zhang Peiji et al., A Course in English-Chinese Translation, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1983.

……

5) Brief description

This paper is divided into five parts. 1. This paper briefly introduces the relationship between metaphor and language, language and culture, points out that the cultural background can not be ignored in the process of translating metaphor into Chinese in daily language, and briefly describes the main contents of this paper. Second, pay attention to the universality of metaphor in English daily language. Fourthly, discuss the standards, difficulties, processes, basic methods and principles of metaphor translation into Chinese according to the context. Fifth, it expounds the methods and skills of translating Chen Yu into Chinese, and points out that in translation practice, the use of each method should not go to extremes. The conclusion part summarizes the practical value of studying metaphor translation into Chinese.