It is a seven-character quatrain written by Liu Zongyuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, to reward Cao Yu for visiting Xiangxiang to read the answer. This poem shows the poet's inner contradiction of longing for freedom but not getting it. The following is the original text, translation appreciation and reading answers of this poem. Welcome to refer to ~!

Original text:

Reward Cao Xiangxian

Author: Liu Zongyuan

Jasper flows in front of Duane Mountain,

The poet lives far away in Mulan boat.

The spring breeze is infinitely fragrant,

Picking apple blossoms is not free.

A county reward cao:

P shān gas? Attention? y？ Lee? ,

sāo r？ New york? o zh？ m？ l？ n zhō .

chūn fěng w？ xi？ n xiāo xiāng y？ ,

y？ cüI p？ ng huā b？ z？ y？ u .

A county pay cao saw, send read a:

1. What does the word poet mean? What is the purpose of the first and second sentences?

This little poem is quite famous and has deep feelings. What emotions are expressed in the poem? Please analyze it item by item.

Answer:

1, poets generally refer to literati (or depressed literati), and this poem especially refers to Cao.

Jasper Flow compares the water of Liujiang River to jasper with figurative rhetoric, abstracting it into concrete and vivid images, which not only accurately shows the color and texture of Liujiang River (or the clear and deep water), but also shows the mirror-like river surface without microwave. As a compliment, the author called this ship Mulan Boat, where his friend was riding. These two images highlight the beauty and tranquility of the environment and set off the beauty of Cao's service to the court.

(1) Cao misses the poet's infinite affection. On the way, Cao could have seen the mountains and rivers and enjoyed his feelings at the same time, but he was far away on the Mulan boat in Yuxi, remembering his friends who abandoned their lives.

(2) The poet can't see the sadness of his friends. Example: In Xiaoxiang, the spring breeze is boundless, but the poet misses his friends but can't meet each other. He wants to pick apples for his friends, but he doesn't even have the freedom to pick a flower for each other.

(3) After being relegated, the poet is in danger, unable to escape, and sad and depressed. Exodus: The last sentence means that I want to offer my loyalty to you for no reason. (Each sum-up emotion 1 point, combined verse analysis 1 point)

Reward Cao to meet in Xiang county and send an interpreter;

Before the broken forehead mountain, the beautiful green river flows eastward; Poet, you seem to be standing on the bow of a distant ship. Your poetic talent is like a spring breeze, which has aroused my infinite thought; I'd like to send you a bunch of apples, but I'm busy.

Interpretation of the word "rewarding Cao Xiang County";

⑴ Reward Cao Shi's visit to Xiangxiang County: After accepting the works sent by others, thank him with the works. Shi Yu: Stone. Xiangxian: The Tang Dynasty belonged to Lingnan Road, which is now Xiangzhou, Guangxi.

⑵ Jasper flow: It describes the river as clear and deep, like the color of jasper.

⑶ Poet: generally refers to literati. This refers to Cao. Mulan: Magnolia is a deciduous tree, which is regarded as a beautiful tree by the ancients. It is often used by literati as a metaphor for beautiful people or things in literary works. Here, it is a compliment to call a friend's boat Mulan boat.

⑷ Xiaoxiang: the name of Ershui in Hunan. Liu Zongyuan's "Preface to Yuxi Poetry" says: Jade touches sin with stupidity and falls into the water. I feel the poet in the spring breeze, which means infinite xiaoxiang. Xiaoxiang has the meaning of cherishing friends and moving away.

5. Apple Picking: Southern Song Dynasty by Liu Yun in the Southern Dynasties: White apples are picked in Tingzhou, and the sun sets in Jiangnan Spring. Dongting has returned home, and Xiaoxiang has met an old friend. Yongzhou House in Hunan Province: Baipingzhou in the west of Lingling is tens of feet long, with water flowing like a gorge, and the old white screen is the most prosperous. This sentence means to pick apples for Cao to eat, but it is not free. This is a feeling that I live in a dangerous situation, and I don't even have the freedom to pick flowers for my friends.

Xiang county see backstage to enjoy Cao:

The poem "Seeing Cao Xiang County" was written in an ominous place, and the specific year is unknown. Liu Zongyuan's friend Cao took a boat through Xiang County, not far from Maping County (now Liuzhou City), which ruled Liuzhou at that time. But the two of them can only exchange poems for each other's friendship, and there must be skeletons in the closet.

Appreciation of Paying Cao Shi to Visit Xiang County;

One or two poems, see and send them to Yuxiang County when Cao Shi is beheaded (write poems and send them to the author when passing through Xiangxiang County); Three or four sentences, cut the reward (for poetry). Jasper flow refers to the Liujiang River that flows through Liuzhou and Xiang County.

The author calls Cao a poet and compares it with the beautiful environment of Jasper Stream and Mulan Boat. The environment is so beautiful and quiet that poets can look at mountains and water while driving. At this time, however, the Mulan boat was far above the jade stream, remembering the friends who gave their lives to Liuzhou. He stayed far away and couldn't visit, looking at the jade and sighing. He only wrote poems instead of Cambodia to express his infinite affection.

The meaning of spring breeze is infinite, which really makes readers feel infinite, but its meaning is vague. This is the common artistic feature of some beautiful poems, and it is also the highest realm pursued by verve poets. However, this is not a gazelle, and there is no trace. If you play the whole poem carefully, the main points can still be made clear. Xiaoxiang area is a place where songs are sung. The author calls Cao a poet. Connect Xiaoxiang with the poet, and the infinite meaning will be settled. This is a ... More importantly, the desire to pick apples in the ending sentence draws lessons from "Jiangnan Fu" written by the Southern Dynasties. The full text of "Jiangnan Qu" is like this: Tingzhou picks white apples, and the sun warms Jiangnan Spring. Dongting has returned home, and Xiaoxiang has met an old friend. Why don't old friends return? Spring flowers should be late. You don't know anything new, but you teach by example. It can be seen that the spring breeze is infinitely fragrant, mainly because I miss my old friends. The second is. And these two points are like water and milk.

As the third sentence of the quatrain, the spring breeze is infinite. The wonder is that it seems like a turn, and it is also a turn. In other words, it mainly shows the author's yearning for the poet, but it also contains the meaning of missing the author expressed in the poems sent by the poet. It should be beautiful for friends to get together in this warm spring breeze, when fragrant grass and apple flowers are in full bloom on the banks of Xiaoxiang River, but it is impossible. I miss you so much that I can't see you, so I thought of picking apples for my old friends. However, don't say that there is no freedom to meet each other, that is, there is no freedom to pick apples and flowers for each other.

This poem is concise in language and picturesque in description. The poet's attributive of Jasper is very novel, which not only accurately shows the color and texture of Liujiang River, but also shows the mirror-like river surface in microwave. This is in harmony with the distant existence and spring breeze below, and it has its own harmonious artistic beauty.

Judging from the whole article, especially from the conclusion, its main feature is the combination of metaphor and interest, which can arouse many associations of readers. However, combined with the reasons why the author was demoted, the situation that he continued to be slandered and attacked after being demoted is implicated, so it is not a problem.

Posterity evaluation:

1, Tang Ruxun's "Interpretation of Tang Poetry" said: The water in front of the mountain is blue, and the royal boat is moored here. I feel the spring breeze and have a lot of thoughts. I just want to pick apples for myself, but I don't have the freedom to be detained by officials.

2. In Shen Deqian's Poems of the Tang Dynasty, it is said that you can't be free to pick apples and give them to each other. Why do you care? The implication is that there is a desire to offer loyalty to Wang Wuxu, and he agrees with Shang Xiao Hanlin's book, and the words are very implicit.

Liu Zongyuan's literary works;

Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements were greater than poems. There are nearly a hundred parallel prose, and ancient prose can be roughly divided into six categories.

(1) Comments: Including philosophy, political theory and essays mainly focusing on comments. Sharp pen, accurate argument. Tian Shuo is a masterpiece of philosophical papers. (Feudalism and Heavenly Punishment are representative works of medium-length and long-length political theory. Jin Wengong's "Defending the Original Motion", "Debate between Dong Brothers" and Yi Yin's "Five Opinions on Street Praise" are representatives of political papers. ) There is simple materialism in his philosophy. His political thought is mainly embodied in the progressive social historical view and Confucian people-oriented thought. But also influenced by Buddhism, especially when they are frustrated politically, they often seek spiritual liberation from Buddhism.

(2) Fable: Inheriting and developing the traditions of Zhuangzi, Han Feizi, Lu Chunqiu, Liezi and the Warring States Policy, it was mostly used to satirize and attack the ugly phenomenon of the society at that time. Innovate, create whimsy, and make good use of anthropomorphic artistic images of various animals to express philosophical or political views. (Representative works include Three Commandments (Linjiang Elk, Guizhou Donkey, Yongmou Mouse), Biography, Fierce Master, etc. Laugh and curse, because things are small, showing a high degree of humor and irony.

(3) Biography: Inherited the tradition of Historical Records and Hanshu, and made some innovations (representative works include Anecdote of Duan Taiwei, Biography of Zi Ren, Biography of Hejian, Story of Snake Catcher, etc. Some works are exaggerated and fictional on the basis of real people, such as fables and novels (such as Song Qingchuan). )

(4) Landscape Travels: The most popular ones are written after being demoted, and Yongzhou's works are even better. (Representative works include Travel Notes on the First Banquet in the Western Hills, Music Circle, Western Hills in the Music Circle, From Xiaoshichi to the Western Hills, Yuan Jiake, Shiqu, Shi Jian and Koishiyama). His works not only contain his own experience and resentment through beautiful scenery; There is also a description of the author's quiet state of mind, which is manifested in extreme depression and the pursuit of spiritual sustenance. As for the direct description of the scenery, it is steep and clean, or beautiful and pleasant, and reproduces the beauty of nature with delicate language.

(5) Poem and Sao Fu: unique (representative works such as Punishment Fu, Sheng Min Fu, Dream Returning Fu, Prison Mountain Fu, etc. They are all in the style of Li Sao and Nine Chapters. Or express one's mind directly, or borrow ancient times to hurt oneself, or borrow fables to express irony and think hard, which won the essence of Qu Sao. "Tian Dui" and "Jin Wen" are another type, imitating Tian Wen and Qi Fa, with strange and profound words. In addition, Liu Jizhong has many works about Buddhist tablets, inscriptions, notes, preface, poems and so on, involving Zen, Tiantai Sect, Buddhism and other theories. There are more than 40 pieces of Liu Shi/KLOC-0, all of which were written after relegation. His predecessors, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei also called him Wang Meng. Some of his five ancient thoughts are close to Tao Yuanming's poems, with simple and natural language and elegant and meaningful style. Influenced by Xie Lingyun, other ancient Five Dynasties coined exquisite words, mixed with Hyunri, and even learned from Xie Shi when doing problems. However, Liu's poems can contain bitterness, similarities and differences in beauty. Liu's poems also have rhythmic poems, which are famous for their generosity, sadness and health. (For example, climbing the Liuzhou Tower to send Zhang Tingfeng to four counties is a masterpiece of the seven laws of the Tang Dynasty, and Jiang Xue, Fisherman and Western Opera are also rare works in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty).

(6) Anthology: Liu Yuxi began to compile Liu Ji's Anthology of Mr. Hedong. There were many annotated books in Song Dynasty, and Han Chun's Collected Works of Liu Xun is the earliest extant work of Liu Ji. In the Ming Dynasty, Jiang's Warp Collection was annotated with Liuhe East Collection. For his deeds, see Han Yu's Epitaph of Liu Zihou, Biographies of Old and New Tang Books and Chronicle of Mr. Liu in Wen 'anli.

Liu Zongyuan's personal data:

Liu Zongyuan (A.D. 865438+ A.D. 773 09), a native of Hedong (now Yongji area in Yuncheng, Shanxi), was one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He was called Mr Hedong, a writer, philosopher, essayist and thinker in the Tang Dynasty, and was appointed as the secretariat of Liuzhou, also known as Liu Liuzhou. Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu are called Liu Liu, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei Wangmeng.

Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements in writing were greater than poems. Nearly a hundred parallel essays, argumentative essays, sharp and ironic. There are many places where landscapes are written in travel notes, such as Collection of Mr. Hedong, and the representative works include Xiju, Jiang Xue and Fisherman.

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