First of all, we must strengthen the psychological health education of college students.
In recent years, the problem of college students' psychological barriers has become increasingly serious, and more and more students feel that their weakest quality is psychological quality. There is a survey of 126000 college students in China, and it is found that 20.23% of them have psychological barriers. In 2000, the Mental Health Education Research Association of a university in southern China conducted a scl-90 sampling survey on 3896 students from 28 full-time universities in the province. The survey results show that 40. 18% students are obsessive-compulsive, 34.04% are sensitive to interpersonal relationships and 24.04% are sensitive. At present, it is a realistic and urgent task to carry out college students' mental health education and maintain and improve their mental health.
1. Mental health is related to the healthy growth of college students themselves.
The symptoms of mental health problems in college students' actions are: "depression", "often feeling very distressed and anxious, unable to enter the learning state", "psychological depression, depression, listlessness, being lazy to participate in any activities" and "avoiding participation" ... This reflects that in real life, some college students feel inferior and cowardly in front of the strong, and hold their heads high in front of the weak. It is not uncommon to encounter a little contradiction or frustration, lose confidence and initiative, get a little criticism, have the idea of revenge, encounter something unsatisfactory, feel depressed, and even take risks for a trivial matter.
2. The university stage is the key stage of life.
In four years, each college student has to learn 50-80 textbooks. The task is arduous and demanding, and they often "fall into the contradiction of personal problems", often feel "depressed" and "often distressed and anxious, and can't enter the state of study". It is difficult for such students to complete their learning tasks with quality assurance. At the same time, the market economy requires college students to have strong adaptability, and the society has high requirements for college students, not only ability but also quality. In this case, students with bad psychology will only be at a loss.
Second, the main causes of mental health problems of college students
The causes of college students' mental health problems involve many aspects, but in the final analysis, it is nothing more than the influence and role of subjective and objective factors. We can analyze the causes of college students' mental health problems from these two aspects.
1, the influence of objective factors
Objective factors refer to social environment, family environment, school environment and educational concepts.
(1) The influence of social and environmental factors. With the further development of market economy, people's ideas, thoughts and behaviors are constantly developing and changing, and various ideas and concepts are constantly impacting people's thoughts. College students are facing an emotional world. At the same time, the market economy has brought economic prosperity and great wealth of commodities. The temptation of material and money is stronger than before, and the values are diversified. People's previous concept that going to college is like going to a safe is gradually being disintegrated, replaced by intensified competition and increased pressure, which will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in the psychological burden of college students and easy to produce mental fatigue and confusion.
(2) The influence of family environment factors. Family fun atmosphere and family education attitude are also important factors affecting the psychological health development of college students. The happy atmosphere in the family is the prerequisite for the formation of college students' good mental health. The language and interpersonal atmosphere between family members directly affect the psychology of each member of the family, which is of special significance to college students in the period of personality formation. Parents' parenting attitudes, parenting styles and personality temperament types directly affect children's behavioral psychology. Family education that is subtle but not blindly biased, enlightened but not autocratic, democratic and equal but not condescending can be conducive to the healthy development of students' psychology.
(3) The influence of school environment. The reform of China's higher education system is entering a new era. The implementation of reform programs closely related to students, such as enrollment integration, paid school running, two-way choice of graduates' employment, flexible academic system, major and minor system, and self-employment, has had a great impact on college students' psychology. The increasing opportunities and difficulties in choosing a career will make college students more anxious, uneasy, lost and at a loss. In the process of choosing a job, the irregularity of the talent market stimulates their psychology more deeply. Students hope to participate in the competition and are afraid of losing it. I hope to have more opportunities and worry about losing my original sense of security, which invisibly increases the psychological pressure of college students. Excessive psychological pressure is the main cause of depression caused by psychological disorder.
(4) The influence of educational concept. People used to understand the meaning of human health unilaterally and didn't realize the importance of mental health. Too much emphasis on political quality, ideological quality and moral quality and neglect of psychological quality, and only pay attention to physiological balance and neglect of psychological stability, resulting in deviation of educational guiding ideology; On the other hand, in educational practice, especially in primary and secondary schools, we have not paid attention to optimizing the elements of the subjective psychological process, lacked the mechanism for the formation and development of students' healthy personality, and failed to form a good self-organization control mechanism for students, which undoubtedly has a great impact on the cultivation of students' mental health.
2. The influence of subjective factors
Subjective factors refer to self-awareness, self-viewpoint, self-experience, self-desire and imagination.
(1) The influence of one's own life experience. Nowadays, college students basically go through a single process from school to school, with little life experience and little social experience. They often experience many successes and honors, but rarely experience storms and setbacks. Their adaptability to the new environment and endurance to setbacks are relatively poor. It is easy to form the incomplete personality of college students. Some students are self-centered, or feel inferior, or conceited, and are unwilling to associate with others. Some students are discouraged because of a little setback, and nervous and anxious because of a failed exam lead to inattention and emotional instability. Observing society in this psychological state often takes one's own will as the standard, rejects everything that conforms to one's own will, makes enemies for things that affect one's own interests in society, and even produces extreme thoughts and emotions.
(2) the influence of one's own ideas. Correct world outlook, outlook on life and values are the most active and active factors in people's mental health, and play an important guiding role in the healthy growth of college students. College students are in the transition period from immaturity to maturity and from immaturity to stereotypes. Some incorrect views easily affect their thoughts and behaviors, resulting in bad mood psychologically. It is often difficult to observe, understand, analyze and solve problems scientifically and accurately. If they are not guided and adjusted correctly at this time, they will easily have psychological obstacles. For example, influenced by "money worship", the only criterion for some college students to measure right or wrong is the amount of money, which makes them have a strong sense of belonging to money psychologically, which leads to the distortion of their minds. Due to the influence of "utilitarianism", some college students' principles and standards are "doing things profitlessly", doing things profitably and not doing things profitably, showing excessive mercenary, which leads to their narrow and selfish psychological set.
Third, to solve the mental health problems of college students countermeasures
1. Infiltrate mental health education into school education.
Mental health education belongs to quality education, and psychological quality, as an internal factor of human beings, is the psychological premise and foundation for the development of other qualities. In China's education, the educational concept of morality, intelligence and physique has been continuously strengthened and improved, but psychological education has been neglected for a long time, and even the wrong concept of equating mental health education with ideological and political work has appeared. From the perspective of pedagogy, the development of moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education can not be separated from students' psychological activities. In order to train qualified talents, colleges and universities should deeply realize that mental health education is a comprehensive education, which should be closely combined with school education, penetrate into the whole school education, establish corresponding teaching and research institutions, offer courses and lectures on psychology, physiology, social psychology and frustration psychology among college students, make mental health education systematic, standardized and scientific, and continuously improve college students' basic psychological knowledge and mental health common sense. At the same time, colleges and universities should actively create conditions to establish a mental health education system, attach importance to psychological consultation and counseling for college students, and provide students with regular, timely and effective mental health guidance and services through individual consultation, letter consultation, psychological behavior training, hotline consultation and online consultation, so as to gradually cultivate students' psychological adjustment ability.
2. Integrate mental health education into campus culture construction.
Campus culture is an important carrier of college students' mental health education. It is a spiritual environment and cultural atmosphere suitable for the characteristics of colleges and universities, with students as the main body, extracurricular activities as the main means and campus spirit as the main feature. A good campus cultural atmosphere will subtly optimize students' psychological quality. To give full play to its role, we must focus on cultivating the campus spirit with the characteristics of our school, such as scientific spirit and democratic spirit, and carry out colorful, healthy and lively campus cultural activities, such as lectures on mental health knowledge and community activities. Popularize mental health knowledge through the school newspaper, radio, closed-circuit television, window, billboards and other propaganda media, deepen the judgment and control of network culture, and never let corrupt things pollute students' body and mind. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of campus culture, create a positive, healthy and elegant atmosphere, and ensure that students constantly improve their understanding, sublimate their sentiments, hone their will, and cast a healthy and tested psychological quality in a beautiful and healthy campus cultural atmosphere.