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A paper on the Big Bang.
The big bang theory was developed by Belgian mathematician and astronomer George? Lemaltre first proposed in the 1960s that two Americans, Arnold? Penzias and Robert? Wilson discovered the reliable evidence of BIGBANG theory-cosmic microwave background radiation (that is, cosmic background radiation), and the British physicist Steven? William? Hawking later clearly expounded the picture of 10-43 seconds after the origin of the universe, and thought that the universe originated from a "singularity" smaller than the atom, which may have led to the Big Bang due to internal reasons, resulting in the basic particles in the universe. Due to interaction and energy, it took a long time to form the present universe. This seemingly complete theory of the universe also has many doubts:

1. Where does this singularity come from?

2. Before the Big Bang, what happened after that?

3. Was there no universe before the Big Bang?

This is incomprehensible and unacceptable in the physical world.

The huge energy, power and mass of this point are out of proportion to its size, which is doubtful.

6. Why and how did this point explode?

Since the universe originated from a point, there is no space and time outside this point, and there is no space outside. How and where does this point unfold (the unfolding in the real representation must be generated in three-dimensional space)? If there is space outside the universe to make the point expand, then there is still a universe outside the point, so the origin of the universe is not like the Big Bang.

8. After the Big Bang, how did the matter separated from the point become bigger from the matter smaller than the atom and become the "basic particle" that forms today's huge matter?

9. The Big Bang theory is derived from the redshift phenomenon to the expansion of the universe, and then back to L=0. The conclusion is that the universe was formed by a point smaller than an atom about 654.38+0.5 billion years ago. Now let's assume that the universe is expanding. Let's ask: can L=0 be reversed? Can't! Formulas in physics, such as electrostatic field E=Q/L2, gravitational field f=Gm 1m2/L2, and L=0, are all right? No, because if L→0, then E →∞, f→∞. We know that when L is small, Q can no longer be regarded as a point charge, and m 1 and m2 can no longer be regarded as particles. So, in the process of the backward expansion and contraction of the universe, can't something else happen? If planets such as the earth fall into the sun and the whole solar system collapses, will it shrink into points much smaller than atoms? Obviously, it is impossible. What if the whole galaxy collapses? It is even more impossible, let alone the whole universe!

……

Therefore, I think the Big Bang theory is unrealistic.

Maybe someone will ask what is red shift and cosmic microwave background radiation? Let's give an example: AIDS patients sometimes have herpes zoster, but do people with herpes zoster have AIDS? Of course not! Maybe it's a cold. The redshift phenomenon is the same, which may be due to other reasons. If there is a big bang, there may be a red shift, but it is not necessarily the result of the big bang. This is a false proposition rather than a true one, and so is the cosmic microwave background radiation.

I think there is a huge "dark matter group" composed of the fifth state of matter-pure plasma state (unknown special matter) outside the universe, and our universe is by no means a universe in pure plasma state. There are many universes in a pure plasma state like us. Due to the change of dark matter in the pure plasma state, some universes are smaller and some universes are larger. Most of the star spectra in our universe move to the red end, indicating that our universe is expanding.

Due to the expansion of our universe, the hole of pure plasma state at the edge of our universe is getting bigger and bigger, so it is inevitable that a little material will fall off at the edge of space where pure plasma state appears. In fact, this is a common sense: when we take a towel, tear it hard, tear a hole, and then tear it, we can see some small things falling at the torn place. Some substances that fall on the edge of our universe form different kinds of stars (including stars) through combination or variation. There are also some detached substances that have not mutated or combined, forming a lonely and roughly similar asteroid. Some stars formed by combination and mutation still fly to us due to the force of falling off, resulting in purple shift (the spectrum moves to the blue end). There are other very small substances that cannot mutate and have no chance to combine with other stars or substances to form "dust particles" in the universe. However, due to the expansion of space, the activity space of other stars also becomes larger, so they accelerate away from us, resulting in a red shift (the spectrum moves to the red end). The variation of matter falling from pure plasma state and planets becoming solid or gas is also due to temperature change.

I think the "beginning" of the universe is a small crack in the pure plasma state, which will continue to widen this small crack, while the "end" of the universe is that the pure plasma state will gradually annex this space (that is, close it), and all the substances swallowed by the pure plasma state in the universe will be integrated with the pure plasma state. As for the pure plasma state, why do these changes occur (including the shrinking of this universe and the enlargement of that universe)? I think it's a change in temperature. For example, a sealed glass filled with water at room temperature will crack if it is kept in the refrigerator for a while, and it will explode after a long time (of course, pure plasma will not explode), just like the cracks in glaciers are caused by temperature. Why does pure plasma produce temperature change? That's because the density is uneven (high density leads to low temperature and low density leads to high temperature). Why the density of pure plasma is uneven is due to natural changes, just like the thickness and density of a roll of toilet paper are different everywhere after it is opened, just like the subtle differences between human eyes, which are natural and random. So the age of the universe is also very random and unpredictable.

I call this theory "pure plasma gap opening" theory.

This theory can clearly explain the origin and end of the universe, which is more realistic and less doubtful.