It tells the story of a prodigy named "Fang Zhongyong" in Jinxi, Jiangxi Province, who was reduced to an ordinary person because his father refused to let him study, and was used as a tool to make money by his father. Taking Zhong Yong as an example, this paper warns people not to learn new knowledge, never to rely solely on talent, but to pay attention to the education and learning after tomorrow, and emphasizes the importance of education and learning after tomorrow to success.
original text
Zhongyong's regret
[Song] Wang Anshi
Fang Zhongyong, a native of Jinxi, is cultivated in the world. Zhong Yongsheng lived for five years and didn't understand books and tools. Suddenly he cried for it. The father, on the other hand, borrowed from the side and approached it, that is, four sentences of books and poems, which were named after themselves. His poems were written for adoptive parents and families and passed down to a scholar in a township. Nature refers to things as poetry, and its arts and sciences are considerable. People in the city are very surprised. They are a little nicer to their father or beg with coins. My father's interest is natural, and he will always pay tribute to the city people and let him be ignorant.
I've been listening for a long time. In Ming Dow, it has been twelve or thirteen years since our ancestors went home and saw them at my uncle's house. To write a poem, you can't call it the smell of the past. Seven years later, I went back to my uncle's house from Yangzhou and asked him, "Everyone has left."
The prince said: Zhong Yong's understanding is also an act of God. It is also blessed, far more virtuous than talents. If a chess piece is owned by everyone, it will not be influenced by others. He is a man who receives heaven, so he is a saint, and he who does not receive heaven is for all; Today's husband is not subject to heaven, and he is not subject to heaven, only for everyone.
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There is a citizen named Fang Zhongyong in Jinxi County whose family has been farming for generations. When Zhong Yong was five years old, he didn't know writing tools. Suddenly one day, Zhong Yong cried for these things. His father was surprised by this and borrowed those things from his neighbors. Zhong Yong immediately wrote four sentences and wrote his own name. This poem aims to support parents and unite people of the same clan for the whole town to watch. From then on, when he was assigned to write a poem, Fang Zhongyong could finish it at once. The literary talent and authenticity of this poem are worthy of appreciation. People in the same county were very surprised by this, and gradually regarded his father as a guest, and some people paid for Zhong Yong's poems. Fang Zhongyong's father thought it was profitable, so he led Zhong Yong to visit people in the same county every day and wouldn't let him study.
I've heard a long time ago. In the era of Ming Dow, I followed my late father back to my hometown and met Fang Zhongyong at my uncle's house. He is twelve or thirteen years old. I asked him to write poems. His poems are not as famous as before. Seven years later, I came back from Yangzhou and went to my uncle's house again. When I asked Fang Zhongyong, I replied, "His talent has disappeared. He is no different from ordinary people."
Wang Anshi said: Fang Zhongyong's intelligence is innate. His talent is much stronger than that of ordinary talented people; But in the end, because the education he received the day after tomorrow did not meet the requirements, he became an ordinary person. His talent is so good that he has become an ordinary person without normal acquired education; Then, can those who are not born smart now, but ordinary people, who have not received the education of the day after tomorrow, become ordinary people?
To annotate ...
(1) injury: sadness, sigh.
(2) Jinxi: place name, now Jinxi, Jiangxi.
(3) Li: affiliated to.
(4) health: grow to.
(5) knowledge: knowledge.
(6) Writing tools: writing tools (pen, ink, paper, inkstone, etc. ).
(7) Q: Yes.
be surprised ....
(9) Borrow nearby: borrow nearby. Near, near, here refers to neighbors.
(10) and: here.
(1 1) Support: Support.
(12) ethnic selection: unite with ethnic groups and live in harmony with them. Collect, gather, and unite.
(13) Meaning: the main idea (the center, or the general idea of the article).
(14) 1: All.
(15) means: specify.
(16) Just: Done.
(17) text: literary talent.
(18) reason: reason.
(19) Yi people are from the same (township) county.
Be surprised (surprised) at ...
(2 1) omitted: gradually.
(22) guest: here is the meaning of treating guests with courtesy, and this article means adverbial.
(23) Begging: seeking.
Li Ziran: I think this is profitable. Li, think about it ... It's profitable.
(25) days: every day.
(26) Pull: By "crawling", pulling and drawing.
(27) Ring: Everywhere, everywhere.
(28) visit.
(29) Ming Dow: Song Renzong Zhao Zhen year number (1032- 1033).
(30) follow: follow.
(3 1) ancestor: refers to Wang Anshi's dead father.
(32) the smell of the past: the previous reputation.
(33) A: Come again, come again.
(34) Everyone has left: just like ordinary people. Disappeared: Disappeared means that the original features have completely disappeared. Everyone, ordinary people.
(35) Prince: Wang Anshi's proposition.
(36) Access: Access.
(37) enlightenment: wisdom.
(38) accept: accept.
(39) days: congenital.
(40) xian: beyond, beyond.
(4 1) On: Bi.
(42) material: the same as "talent".
(43) pawn: finally.
(44) Yu: Yes.
(45) Non-conformance: non-conformance. Reach, reach.
Peter: He.
(47) has: stopped.
(48) yeah: it means rhetorical question, which is equivalent to "horse" and "you".
Creation background
In the third year of Tiansheng (1025), Fang Zhongyong began to write poems, which shocked the whole village. In the second year of Ming Dow (1033), Wang Anshi, the same age as Fang Zhongyong, followed his father back to Shanxi to visit relatives and met Fang Zhongyong at his uncle's house. He asked Fang Zhongyong to write some poems, but he was disappointed because the "child prodigy writer" was not as clever as the legend. In the first year of Kangding (1040), Wang Anshi visited relatives in Jinxi again. At this time, Fang Zhongyong became a farmer again. In the third year of Li Qing (1043), Wang Anshi returned to Linchuan from Yangzhou, thought of what happened to Fang Zhongyong, and wrote the article "Upper Zhong Yong".
works appreciation
Taking Fang Zhongyong as an example, this paper shows that people are influenced by nature, but they have to be influenced by others. Otherwise, they will start all over again, further showing that people who are not influenced by nature are all people, and it is difficult to become "all people" one after another. It also emphasizes the importance of learning the day after tomorrow and shows Wang Anshi's simple materialism in his early days.
The title of the article is "Shang", but there is not a word "Shang" in the article. However, the whole article is written with the word "Shang". This is just as commented in A Brief Introduction to the Chronicle of the King: "I said that the water began to understand, and in the end, it was forgotten by everyone. This can be seen in the details of Gong Jing's lament! " It can be seen that this article is not a form but a content. This argumentative paper, first described and then discussed, is demonstrated on the basis of factual narration, and facts become the basis of argumentation. The first and second paragraphs only describe the discussion and serve the discussion in the third paragraph. The following discussion is concentrated and powerful, concise, and the finishing touch immediately sublimates the facts described above, which is of typical significance. The full text is only 200 words, and the narrative is concise. Through careful reasoning, Anshi's prose style appeared here.
The first paragraph tells the story of prodigy Fang Zhongyong. Fang Zhongyong, a native of Jinxi, has been farming for generations. Jinxi is the hometown of Wang Anshi's grandfather Wu Mei. It is true that "I saw him at my uncle's house" in "Teenagers Travel from Other Families" and "A Brief Study of Wang Chronicle". I remember that Zhong Yong was five years old and didn't know how to use paper, pens, ink and stones. He suddenly shouted for help. His father lent it to him. He immediately wrote four poems and wrote his own name. This poem is about supporting parents and uniting the people. After the news came out, all the scholars from a township came to watch. From then on, people pointed to something and asked him to write poems. He writes with a brush, which has merits in literary talent and reason. People in the county were surprised when they heard about it. Gradually, some people asked his father to take him as a guest, and others asked him to write poems with money. His father thinks it's profitable, and drags him everywhere to see people in the county every day, so he won't be allowed to study. Zhong Yong's special talent recorded here is hearsay, which may be different from the real situation. But the author's real intention is not here, so it is inevitable to highlight the specificity of Zhong Yongtian Bin with exaggerated pen and ink everywhere. First, not only can I write poems with pen and paper when I was born five years ago, but I can also unite my family with the main purpose of "adoptive parents" and "spread them to scholars in my hometown", which shows the great influence. Secondly, Zhong Yong's thought is rich, and "writing poems by referring to things" can be accomplished overnight. Moreover, his literary talent and content are excellent, and he won the title of "the wonder of people in the city". He was invited to visit and asked him for poems, which was really famous in the whole town. The author's description highlights the prodigy Zhong Yong's extraordinary talent, which lays a good foundation for "losing everyone because of his lack of knowledge" below, and also lays a foundation for the argument that the full text "connects people" in knowledge and talent. The word "profit" in the article is very weighty, highlighting the reason why my father "does not learn" and even suggesting the harm of quick success and instant benefit to people. "No learning" is the key to Zhong Yong's transition from death to mediocrity, and it is also the center of this paper.
The second paragraph, from the perspective of the author's personal experience, briefly expounds the transformation process of Zhong Yong from a prodigy to a "mass". On the one hand, the "long-heard name" at the beginning shows that the content written in the previous paragraph is based on rumors, on the other hand, it leads to the desire to know for yourself. The author wrote two stories: once, when Zhong Yong was twelve or thirteen years old, he said that "it could not be called poetry before", implying that Zhong Yong's poetry had not made progress in these six or seven years. If the poems written by five or six-year-olds are still impressive despite their childishness, people will not be surprised if they are not as good as what they heard before after six or seven years, and they will feel that they are not worthy of the name because of their past fame. The second time was when Zhong Yong was twenty years old. I didn't meet this time, but I heard relatives say, "Everyone is gone!" I explained the ending of this former prodigy in one sentence. The two writing methods are different, but they are both extremely concise and meaningful. The sentence "Everyone doesn't care" vividly shows the speaker's indifferent attitude, which is just in contrast to the previous situation that "people in the city are very strange", and the author's regrets and feelings are also hidden.
The last paragraph is the author's evaluation of Zhong Yong's transformation from a prodigy who is amazing in the city to a silent ordinary person, which is also a concentrated expression of this idea. The author first points out that Zhong Yong's clever insight is "influenced by heaven", that is, it comes from talent, and his talent far exceeds that of ordinary talented people. This is precisely to reverse the following positive meaning: "If a chess piece is for everyone, it will not be accepted by others." The key reason is the lack of acquired education and study. So far, the situations described in the last two paragraphs have been discussed. However, the author goes to the next level and points out that Zhong Yong is so talented, but he has not been educated the day after tomorrow and has become a public figure. So ordinary people have ordinary talents, and even ordinary people can't do it without re-education. The former is the object and the latter is the subject, which highlights the importance of ordinary people's learning in comparison. As far as Fang Zhongyong is concerned, this discussion seems to be the aftermath, but the author's main intention is here. Because in real life, people with average qualifications are always the majority. The significance of Fang Zhongyong's typical case lies not in the consequences of genius not studying, but in the decisive significance of acquired education to a person's growth.
The word "injury" in the title has multiple meanings. First of all, this is superficial. I feel sorry for Zhong Yong. A talented child has finally become a group of people. Entering the next level means that although Zhong Yong is talented, he has not met an environment conducive to his growth and improvement. In this paper, the description of his father's profit from Zhong Yong contains a criticism of the man-made environment that stifles genius. Furthermore, from the specific case of Zhong Yong, I feel that many people with average qualifications in society don't study hard to improve, so that even everyone can't become a success. In this way, the author's "injury" is no longer confined to Zhong Yong himself, but many people who are either "suffering from heaven" or "suffering from people", and the author's feelings and ideological significance of the article are much more profound.
The language of this article is very accurate. In the narrative part, a short 150 words completely describe the changing process of Fang Zhongyong from five to twenty years old, while in the discussion part, there are only 70 words. Every word and sentence in the text has its exact expressive function, which is not dispensable. For example, in the first paragraph, the first sentence explains the native place, identity, name and family background, which is not only an essential general introduction, but the word "Li Shigeng" is the necessary foreshadowing for "not knowing books and tools" and "not learning skills", which not only sets off Fang Zhongyong's extraordinary talent, but also implies the family background that caused his fate; The word "crow" vividly describes the modality of Fang Zhongyong children asking for books and tools; The three adverbs of "suddenly", that is, "stand up", make the image of a gifted and quick-thinking child prodigy jump from the page; Sun Ban Zhong Yonghuan demoted to the city people ",just one sentence depicts the sad ignorance of Fang Zhongyong's father who is greedy for small profits and complacent; The word "unlearned" seems dull, but it indicates the change of Fang Zhongyong and points out the key to change the fate of Fang Zhongyong. The second narrative is very brief, with only one "look", one "smell" and one "ask" to explain Fang Zhongyong's later changes and ending. The discussion part at the end is concise and profound, and the reasoning is rigorous.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Anshi (1021-1086), whose real name is Fu Jie, is called a mid-level layman. He was made Duke of Shu and later changed to Duke of Jing. The world also calls it "king". Jiangyou, Han nationality, was born in Yanbuling, Linchuan County, Northern Song Dynasty (now Dengjiaxiang, Linchuan District). Li Qing was a scholar in the second year (1042). In the third year of Jiayou (1058), he wrote thousands of books and put forward the idea of political reform. In the second year of Xining (1069), he took part in politics in Song Shenzong and carried out the new law. The next year, I paid tribute to this book. In the seventh year of Xining (1074), he was dismissed from office and became prime minister the following year; In the ninth year of Xining (1076), he stopped fighting and retreated to the Banshan Garden in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) to seal Shu Gong. Later, it was renamed Duke Jing of Jin. Obituary of death. During his reign, he and his sons, Wang Kan and Lv Huiqing, annotated The Book of Songs, Shangshu and Zhouguan, calling them "Three Classics with New Meanings". His writing style is vigorous and powerful, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Poetry is vigorous and fresh. Many of his works, such as Zi Shuo and Sun Yat-sen Diary, have been lost. Today, Wang Linchuan's Collection and Linchuan's Collection are preserved, and later generations compiled Zhou Guan's New Interpretation and the Meaning of Poetry.