Renewable energy, including solar energy, wind energy, hydropower and geothermal energy, is inexhaustible. Through innovative technical means, such as photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, hydropower generation, geothermal energy utilization, etc. These renewable energy sources can be developed and utilized on a large scale, reducing dependence on traditional fossil energy sources, thus alleviating the energy crisis.

1. Photovoltaic power generation technology: the sunlight is converted into electric energy through solar panels to realize clean and sustainable power generation. Innovative photovoltaic technology can improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, and be applied to various fields such as building surfaces, roads and automobiles, and expand the scale and application scope of photovoltaic power generation.

2. Wind power generation technology: using wind energy to drive wind turbines to generate electricity. Innovative wind power generation technology can improve power generation efficiency, reduce costs, develop wind power generation devices adapted to various geographical environments and climatic conditions, and improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy.

3. Hydroelectric power generation technology: converting kinetic energy of water flow into electric energy. Innovative hydropower generation technology can overcome the dependence of traditional hydropower stations on water resources, develop small hydropower generation devices, and explore the use of ocean energy such as tidal energy and wave energy to generate electricity.

4. Geothermal energy utilization technology: using geothermal energy deep in the earth's crust to generate electricity and heat. Innovative geothermal energy utilization technology can improve energy utilization efficiency, expand the scope of geothermal energy development and utilization, and promote low-carbon heating methods such as ground source heat pump in urban construction.

Second, energy storage and management technology.

An important direction of new energy science and technology is to solve the intermittence and instability of renewable energy and realize the efficient use of energy. Innovative energy storage and management technology can balance the difference between energy supply and demand and improve energy utilization efficiency.

1. Efficient energy storage technology: including battery energy storage, supercapacitor, compressed air energy storage, etc. Innovative energy storage technology can improve energy density, prolong energy storage cycle, store renewable energy and supply electricity when needed.

2. Smart grid technology: realize intelligent distribution and management of energy through digital and automatic means. Innovative smart grid technology can realize the comprehensive application of various energy sources and improve the stability and reliability of power system.

3. Energy management system: through intelligent monitoring, data analysis and optimal scheduling, energy can be efficiently utilized and managed. Innovative energy management system can match demand forecast and resource supply, and improve energy efficiency.