The article expresses the author's personal resentment, but in the uneven voice, it tells a truth: only by caring for and respecting talents can people be "willing to do good." This paper compares ancient and modern times from two aspects: "self-reproach" and "treating others", points out that the social atmosphere at that time was diluted and there were many slanders, and analyzes the reasons for it as "laziness" and "taboo". The writing style is serious, the sentence pattern is neat and changeable, the language is vivid and vivid, and the description is incisive.
The first paragraph begins with "the ancient gentleman". "Being responsible for oneself also attaches importance to the week, and it treats others lightly with promises", which is the performance characteristic of "ancient gentleman" and the central argument of this paragraph. Self-reproach and kindness to others are two aspects of the topic, and the debate will start from now on. A Preliminary Discussion on "Self-reproach Week is also Important" This paper takes Shun and Duke Zhou, who have always been regarded as sages or sages by the ancients, as an example, which enhances the persuasiveness and credibility, because they are models and beyond reproach. However, the situation of the two people is different. The former takes its "benevolence" while the latter takes its "versatility". In today's words, it means having both ability and political integrity. Ancient gentlemen got rid of their shortcomings of being inferior to themselves and tried to conform to the moral code of conduct they represented, which is precisely the performance of being responsible for themselves and focusing on the week. The second point is that people who "treat others lightly" "take one without blaming the other, that is, they don't investigate the old", which is an attitude towards the shortcomings of others; But for the advantages of others, I am afraid that they will not get the benefits they deserve because they have done good things. It was not difficult to do a good deed, and it was easy to have a skill, but for others, it is good enough to do these things, which is to look down on others' performance. The above is the correct attitude of ancient gentlemen to blame themselves and others, but it is not a topic for the article, but a foil and object, because the object of exploring the source of slander is the attitude of "the gentleman of today", which is the topic and subject. So the second paragraph immediately turns to the analysis of the performance of "today's gentleman" After that, an "otherwise" obviously reveals the posture of "a gentleman today". It is worth noting that the attitude of ancient gentlemen is "self-reproach" and "treating people with things"; But now the talk about "today's gentleman" has been reversed and turned into "complaining about others" and "being kind to yourself". Although it is a word difference, it is just the opposite, which also provides convenience for argument: just point out that it is contrary to the attitude of ancient gentlemen. For example, for people's shortcomings, one is to "take one without blaming the other, that is, ignore the old"; One is "take one thing for granted, but don't expect it, and don't pursue the old without seeking the new." One of the advantages of people is that they are afraid of others not doing good deeds. One is "afraid of being afraid but afraid of being heard", and so on. Finally, it is concluded that the essence of today's gentleman is "don't deal with a man as he deals with you, deal with him as he deals with you"-the requirements for himself are lower than ordinary people, while others are measured by the standards of saints. Of course, such people can't even talk about self-esteem, let alone others. At this point in writing, after fully presenting the facts and reasoning, I suddenly ended up with a comment, which is simple and powerful, but it is also regarded as ups and downs and easy to open and close. The last paragraph, three sentences, not only explains the writing purpose of the article, but also appeals to those in power to correct this slanderous wind, earnestly pinning the author's expectations for the country.
Han Yu's argumentative essays are generally characterized by rigorous structure, thorough reasoning and strict logic, and Yuan Yi is no exception. The article aims to explore the roots of slanderous remarks, starting with the comparison between ancient and modern gentlemen, from ancient times to the present, from right to wrong, and finally revealing the roots. The framework is fine and interlocking, which shows that the author's structural layout is ingenious. The most prominent feature of this article is the rhetorical devices of metaphor and parallelism. Throughout ancient and modern gentlemen, compare their different attitudes towards others and themselves; When describing the performance of ancient or modern gentlemen, it compares people with themselves; Finally, by comparing the two contradictory words "a good man" and "a bad man", and even combining this comparison with a vivid description, the role of disclosure is more vivid and sharp. Two "remorse" and "thinking early at night" go hand in hand. [ 1