In a multi-ethnic country like China, it is of great significance to safeguard national unity. First, national unity is an important guarantee for national unity. Only by realizing national unity can national unity be maintained. Without national unity, it is inevitable that ethnic contradictions and conflicts will continue, leading to the disintegration of the country. Second, national unity is an important prerequisite for social stability. Only by realizing national unity can the society be stable and harmonious, the people can live and work in peace and contentment, and the country can maintain long-term stability. Third, national unity is an important guarantee for the development of various social undertakings. Only by uniting as one can all ethnic groups concentrate on construction and development, make great progress in economy and society, and continuously improve the lives of people of all ethnic groups.

The government of China and the people of China attach great importance to national unity, believing that it is the highest interest of all China people and the fundamental guarantee for the prosperity and development of all ethnic groups. Over the years, people of all ethnic groups in China have firmly established the idea that "the Han people cannot live without ethnic minorities, ethnic minorities cannot live without the Han people, and ethnic minorities cannot live without each other". In China, the fate of every citizen is closely linked to the fate of the country. Every citizen has the obligation to resolutely safeguard national unity and the unity of all ethnic groups in the country, resolutely and consciously oppose ethnic division and resolutely and consciously contribute to national construction. The government of China and the people of China firmly believe that the unity and friendship of all ethnic groups are the life, strength and hope of the Chinese nation.

In China, national unity includes unity between the Han nationality and ethnic minorities, unity among ethnic minorities, and unity among members within the same ethnic minority. Maintaining national unity means that all ethnic groups respect each other, trust each other, learn from each other, help each other and cooperate with each other on the basis of equality, promote the harmonious coexistence and development of all ethnic groups, constantly consolidate and develop equal, United, mutual assistance and harmonious ethnic relations, and devote themselves to socialist modernization and realize national prosperity.

Over the years, the state has taken various measures to eliminate all factors that are not conducive to national unity, unswervingly safeguard national unity, and strive to achieve the unity, struggle and prosperity of all ethnic groups.

-The state protects the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities. The state adopts legal, economic and administrative means to eliminate ethnic discrimination and ethnic barriers left over from history and promote the unity and development of all ethnic groups. The state prohibits discrimination and oppression against any ethnic group, and prohibits acts that undermine ethnic unity and create ethnic divisions. In the practice of safeguarding national unity, the state opposes both great nationalism, mainly Han chauvinism, and local nationalism. The China Municipal Government has carried out nationwide inspections on the implementation of ethnic policies for many times to promote the full implementation of ethnic policies. With the development of economy and society, the population of ethnic minorities in China is moving more frequently, and the trend of urbanization and diaspora is becoming more and more obvious. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities in cities and scattered areas, the state has formulated and implemented the Regulations on Ethnic Work in Cities, the Regulations on Administrative Work in Ethnic Villages and other laws and regulations, earnestly strengthened services and management, and focused on helping them develop production, improve their lives and meet their special needs in festivals, meals and funerals.

-The state adheres to and improves the system of regional ethnic autonomy. Starting from its own national conditions and reality, China implements the system of regional ethnic autonomy. The system of regional ethnic autonomy organically combines the centralization and unification of the country with the regional autonomy in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, which is a great creation to solve the ethnic problems in China. The implementation of the system of regional ethnic autonomy has played a great role in ensuring that ethnic minorities are masters of their own affairs and consolidating and developing the harmonious relationship of equality, unity, mutual assistance and cooperation among all ethnic groups. Over the years, the state has fully guaranteed ethnic autonomous areas to exercise their autonomy according to law and earnestly respected and protected the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities.

-The state insists on accelerating the economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic areas as the fundamental way to solve the ethnic problems in China. In the final analysis, solving the difficulties and problems in ethnic areas depends on development. Over the years, the state has attached great importance to the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic areas. In different periods, in view of the reality of the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, this paper puts forward the working principles and strategic arrangements to support the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas from the aspects of policies, funds, talents and technology. The state has always regarded improving the living standards of people of all ethnic groups as the fundamental starting point and end result of all its work, tried every means to speed up development, earnestly grasped the top priority of development, and strived to achieve common prosperity and development of all ethnic groups. Through unremitting efforts, the production and living conditions of people in ethnic minorities and ethnic areas have improved significantly, and their ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality and health level have greatly improved. -The state has continuously strengthened publicity and education on national unity. The state brings the education of national unity into the whole process of civic moral education and the whole process of socialist spiritual civilization construction. Persevere in educating cadres and masses of all ethnic groups on ethnic theories, policies, regulations and knowledge, and pay attention to enhancing the pertinence and effectiveness of education. We should not only educate the masses, but also attach importance to educating cadres; Not only educate minority cadres, but also attach importance to educating Han cadres; We should educate not only ordinary cadres, but also leading cadres. The state pays special attention to the education of national unity for young people and requires them to enter schools, classrooms and teaching materials, so that the fine tradition of national unity can be passed down from generation to generation. In 2008, the state promulgated the Guiding Outline of National Unity Education in Schools (for Trial Implementation). In 2009, the state incorporated the education of national unity into the national primary school examination, senior high school entrance examination, college entrance examination and secondary vocational education graduation examination. The state attaches importance to the relevant training of news media and publishing practitioners, guides and encourages them to accurately understand and actively publicize ethnic policies, laws and regulations and basic knowledge of ethnic groups, and carries out the work of promoting national unity and the reunification of the motherland in an untrustworthy way. At the same time, attention should be paid to strengthening the management of publications, radio, film and television works and the Internet to prevent the occurrence of content that hurts national feelings and harms national unity.

-The state actively carries out activities to commend the creation of national unity and progress. Since 1988, the state has held four national commendation conferences for national unity and progress, and * * * commended 4,993 models of national unity and progress of 56 nationalities, including 2,474 model collectives and 25 19 model individuals, which had a wide impact on the whole society. In the form of "National Unity Publicity and Education Month", local governments at all levels carry out activities to create national unity and progress, formulate and implement commendation measures for the creation of national unity and progress, set an example in the whole society, carry forward healthy customs, and promote the formation of social customs that are proud of safeguarding national unity and ashamed of damaging national unity. For example, May in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, September in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, September in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province and July in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province will be designated as "National Unity Month".

-The state properly handles contradictions and problems that affect national unity. The state adheres to the policy of unity, education, persuasion and solution, and analyzes specific problems in detail to solve what problems, so as to avoid escalation and intensification of contradictions. The state upholds the dignity of the law and the interests of the people. Any illegal crime, no matter which nationality or religion it involves, will be dealt with according to law. In recent years, the central and local governments at all levels have established long-term mechanisms and emergency plans to deal with the problems affecting national unity, timely and properly handled various contradictions, disputes and events affecting national unity, and safeguarded national unity and overall social stability.

The ethnic issues in China are the internal affairs of China. The Government of China resolutely opposes and resists the interference and interference of all external forces on the ethnic issues in China under the banner of "nationality", "religion" and "human rights", and strictly guards against and combats the infiltration, destruction and subversion of China by various terrorist forces, separatist forces and extremist forces at home and abroad according to law. History and reality show that national unity and friendship will lead to political harmony and prosperity. Ethnic conflicts and disputes will lead to social unrest and people's suffering.