Research contents, objects and methods
On the basis of referring to relevant questionnaires and documents, Hefei University of Technology designed the Questionnaire on Employment Value Orientation of Undergraduate Graduates of Hefei University of Technology, which covers six aspects: the choice of college students' destination after graduation, the criteria for choosing a job, the regional intention of choosing a job, the nature of employers, the expectation of salary in choosing a job, and the evaluation of influencing factors in choosing a job. From 2003 to 2006, a survey was conducted on the fresh graduates (see table 65438+).
In the selection of survey samples in each year, the academic performance of graduates, the ratio of male to female students, the number of majors, comprehensive quality and so on are considered. The survey covers a wide range, the effective questionnaire recovery rate is high, the proportion of all kinds of students is close to the realistic proportion, the sampling is reasonable and representative, and the survey results are highly reliable. In the time of data collection, the first peak year of employment after the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, that is, 2003 and three consecutive years after that, is comprehensively investigated, which ensures that the investigation and research on the changing trend of college students' employment orientation has a long time span, so as to enhance the accuracy and scientificity of this study.
The changing trend of college students' employment value orientation
A comprehensive study of the survey results from 2003 to 2006 shows that the employment value orientation of Chinese graduates has new characteristics, and the changing trend of employment value orientation has the following characteristics:
Where to choose after graduation: Postgraduate entrance examination and employment are two main choices. "Postgraduate entrance examination fever" has intensified, and the willingness to start a business has weakened. The main choice for graduates of our school is to continue their graduate studies and employment. The total number of graduates who choose these two courses each year exceeds 84% (as shown in Table 2). Among them, graduates who choose employment show a downward trend, while those who choose to take the postgraduate entrance examination show an upward trend year by year. The proportion of students who choose to start their own businesses after graduation is low, which shows that college students' overall entrepreneurial awareness is not strong and their entrepreneurial will is weak. In recent years, the main reasons for the "postgraduate entrance examination fever" of college students are as follows: first, the influence of the era of knowledge economy and the improvement of the quality requirements for talents; Second, the employment competition is fierce, and a good occupation needs excellent talents and high-level talents; Thirdly, psychological factors, a considerable proportion of college students avoid immediate employment in order to alleviate employment pressure. The main reasons for the weakening of college students' entrepreneurial will are: first, the whole society lacks a good environment for college students to start their own businesses, including public opinion, policy guarantee and social support conditions; Second, there is insufficient entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, and the training system of students' entrepreneurial ability is not perfect; Third, college students' own entrepreneurial awareness is not strong, their entrepreneurial ability is lacking, and their entrepreneurial practical experience in school is not rich enough.
Criteria for choosing a job: Graduates with personal development concept as the criteria for choosing a job are in the mainstream, while graduates with national and social needs as the criteria for choosing a job are on the rise (as shown in Table 3). In the past three years, more than 83% of graduates in our school have taken "taking into account the development needs of the country and individuals" and "doing everything possible to realize themselves and choose themselves" as their own career selection criteria, which reflects the evaluation of college students' career selection criteria. We still attach great importance to personal development, especially the number of graduates who take "self-centeredness" as the criteria for choosing a job increased from 3.9% in 2003 to 7.6% in 2006. At the same time, however, another phenomenon worthy of recognition has been found, that is, the number of graduates who take "obeying the needs of the state and society" as the criteria for choosing a job is on the rise. The proportion of graduates in 2006 was 13.6%, which was 4.8 percentage points and 4.6 percentage points higher than that in 2004 and 2005 respectively. With the development of higher education reform, a considerable number of college students have accepted the concepts of fee-based education and market-oriented self-employment, taking "personal development view" as their own criteria for choosing a job, which not only reflects their pragmatic mentality in choosing a job, but also shows that their concept of choosing a job has changed obviously, and their personal value orientation is still on the rise. Therefore, it is an important task for society, colleges and families to strengthen the education of college students' concept of career choice and guide graduates to establish scientific values.