Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, is another literary master in the history of China, that is, after Li Bai in Tang Dynasty. He created the peak of literature in the Song Dynasty. However, Su Shi's official career is ups and downs. On the rugged road of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism, he is still generous and generous. Originally, the poet's nature and official life are completely contradictory, always full of contradictions and conflicts: one is a masked politician and the other is a sincere poet. It is Su Shi who lives in this kind of crevice that shows his extraordinary personality. From the beginning of Su Shi's political career, it can be said that it was quite smooth. Su Shi's brothers became famous in one fell swoop, and later served as "except Dali judge, Fengxiang house signed books" and Hangzhou judge. It can be said that Su Shi's poetry flourished at this time, and his great achievements in literature helped him rise to the peak in his official career. However, without the ups and downs in the future, he may not be able to embody Su Shi's great personality. Times make heroes, and the political situation in history finally created Su Shi, a literary genius. The turning point of fate followed. Su Shi disapproved of Wang Anshi's idea of political reform, thinking that the new law could not facilitate the people, so he wrote a letter against it, and finally turned against Wang Anshi, which was rejected and persecuted by the Wang faction. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi arrived in Huzhou for less than three months, and was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to satirize the new law, which is known as Wutai Poetry Case. After he was released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou Tuan Yong Lian, and his position was quite humble. At this time, Su Shi was disheartened after he was released from prison, and Yugong led his family to reclaim wasteland and farm to supplement their livelihood. The nickname "Dongpo lay man" was given to him at this moment. But this can't quench Su Shi's enthusiasm for making contributions. It was at this time that he made immortal poems on Chibi. In previous Chibi poems, the mountains and rivers around Chibi triggered his thinking about heroes in history. What kind of heroes were they in those days, and now they are safe and sound? Besides, our fishing and firewood are above Zhu Jiang! It is a drop in the ocean to think of the moment of life from the boundless river. Get rid of the real situation, eager to "walk with the flying fairy, embrace the bright moon and end up long", but "you can't suddenly get what you know". The thoughts and feelings expressed by the author in "Fu on the Back of the Red Wall" are exactly the same as those in the previous article, but the pen and ink are completely different. In terms of scenery writing, the first one is autumn, and this one is "The frost and dew have fallen, the leaves are all off, the figure is on the ground, and the moon is seen"; "River, thousands of feet. The mountain is high and the moon is small, and the water comes out. " Each sentence is a scene of winter, which clearly reflects the changes of landscape in different seasons, outlines two completely different landscape maps, and shows the vivid description of the landscape by the author. As for the mountain scenery at night: steep walls, strange rocks, dangerous nests, ancient trees and so on. All of them are very realistic and have a sense of seclusion, which is closely consistent with the author's mood of "quiet, sad and awe-inspiring", but in stark contrast to the quiet scene in the last article. In terms of narration, the previous article only said "perilla and guests", "holding wine for guests", "washing lamps more carefully" and "dishes are in a mess", all of which are practical and concise; In this article, guests, wine and dishes are described in detail, which is unique. On the contrary, the previous article used a large section of pen and ink to render the scene of boating and singing; In this article, only the words "whatever, singing and answering" and "let it go and stop listening" are also deeply touched. The wonderful arrangement of tailoring is really worth learning. In lyricism, the first part is free from sadness and joy, and the process is ups and downs, but it is more straightforward than expected, and the author's views are completely expressed and exposed; In this article, the imagination extends from flying cranes to western adventure ships, and cranes and Taoist priests are combined into one, which is a description of hallucinations and dreams and painted with mysterious colors. This nihilistic and negative thought is certainly not enough for training, but it also tells us in writing methods that only by expressing different situations from different angles can articles on the same theme have their own characteristics. The above points are different from the previous ones and are the artistic achievements of this article. In these two articles, Su Shi described with clever pen and ink that Su Shi could not enter the cabinet, not only because of personality factors, but also because of his contempt for fame and fortune. He once wrote a "snail poem": "Never tire of rising, but die by sticking to the wall", carved the utilitarian life into his bones and saw the end of this utilitarian life thoroughly. Su Shi is dismissive of fame and fortune, especially those flatterers. He not only went his own way, but also wrote more magnificent articles. It can be seen that in the artistic life of official career and poetry creation. Between aesthetic life and aesthetic life, the latter is the soul and refuge of Su Shi's life. This is also one of the main reasons why the author named Su Shi's life as aesthetic life. After several relegations, Su Shi gradually matured and began to rethink his life. The change of life fate after Wutai Poetry Case made him truly and profoundly realize the hardships of life, just like Niannujiao in those days. Life is like a dream, as said in "Red Cliff Nostalgia". However, he didn't sink or deny life because of this, and tried to be detached from himself, always maintaining a tenacious optimistic belief and a detached and adaptive attitude towards life. This attitude is evident in Ding Fengbo. Don't listen to the leaves beating in the forest, why not sing and walk slowly? Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of? A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life. The coolness of spring breeze awakens my wine, and the cold begins to be cold, and the peak of the sun is the sun, but it is satisfied in time. Looking back at the place where I met the wind and rain, going back, for me, there is no wind and rain, but it is still sunny. It shows that the author has a psychological process of being positive, suppressing depression and striving for detachment. Su Shi is a typical scholar-bureaucrat culture and a representative of scholar-bureaucrat elite culture. Su Shi's personality is deeply influenced by Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in China's traditional culture, and eclectic, forming a unique personality spirit system that embodies Su Shi's personality. Confucianism emphasizes WTO entry, and Su Shi is determined to be an official, eager to make contributions, help the world and serve the country, and do something great, which is a typical Confucian idea of WTO entry. "Old chat young crazy, left with yellow, right with pale. Golden hat, mink and fur, thousands of riding rolls and leveling posts. I want to report the whole city to the prefect, and shoot the tiger to see Sun Lang. " "I will bow like a full moon, look northwest and shoot Sirius." He worships heroes, and he is more eager to be a "romantic figure through the ages" like Zhou Yu. Even at the age of "frost temples", he cries "Why not", which shows his strong spirit of joining the WTO. He will feel sorry for his political frustration and say, "Laugh at me with enthusiasm and get rich early." . Unfulfilled ambition, accomplished nothing, and extremely disappointed, also showed Su Shi's strong enterprising spirit from the opposite side. Confucianism is embodied in his character as loyalty, integrity, selflessness and love for the people. He cares about the country and the people and works for the people. At the same time, he is straightforward, upright and aboveboard. He sticks to his own views and the right path in politics, and doesn't try to please anyone because he is a nouveau riche. This is also an important reason for his repeated setbacks in his career. These are the typical images and theories of "gentlemen" advocated by Confucianism. The distinctive personality has created a unique Su Dongpo. Throughout his life, he was completely natural and loyal to himself. Although he has been living in the whirlpool of politics, he still sings, writes and comments all the way, whether in his official career or in exile. Obviously, Su Dongpo knows the joy of mountains and rivers, and his career is ups and downs. He played and sang all his life, enjoying it, and he could accept sadness and misfortune with a smile. Suffering is always with him until his death comes. Su Shi was deeply influenced by Taoist thought. Emphasize dialectical life, the unity of things and me. "Life is like a dream, and there is still a month for a bottle." Life is like a dream, as brilliant as Zhou Yu's life, as frustrated as Su Shi's life, and it is just a dream. "lament the moment of life and envy the infinity of the Yangtze River", how small life is in front of the rolling Yangtze River, and what are all the bumps and bumps? Just for a moment. "People have joys and sorrows, full moon and cloudy eyes. This matter is ancient and difficult. " The deceased is like this, "never ending", "there are gains and losses", "there is no growth or decline in death" and "there is no end to people". Water, moon and people are all changing and never changing. Change is eternal, and constant is also long-lasting. As a member of the world, human beings have been advancing with the times and coexisting with things since ancient times. Su Shi likes to see the universe, cross the contrast between time and space, focus on heaven and earth, and blend things with me. What a profound Taoist dialectics and a valuable theory of life relativity! Despite the heroic spirit of "drinking near the river and writing poems across the river", the rhetorical question of "settling down now" suddenly raised Su Shi's spiritual space to a comfortable and broad realm beyond ancient and modern times and unparalleled in the world. Greatness and smallness are the same thing. They are just a moment in the long history. The world will become empty, and the people in the sky will eventually become passers-by. It is better to send a song of love and wine to express the meaning of silver! Isn't this the optimistic, broad-minded, detached, adaptable and utilitarian attitude towards life pursued by Taoism through rational thinking? The Taoist way of life is seclusion. Influenced by Taoism, Su Shi naturally yearned for seclusion. According to statistics, among Su Shi's more than 360 existing poems, Qiuci appeared 100 times. Su Shi advocated seclusion, but throughout his life, he didn't really retire. In A Beautiful Course, Mr. Li Zehou said that "Su Shi never retired and never really returned to the fields", but the sense of emptiness expressed in his poems is more profound than any oral or actual "retirement", "return to the fields" and "seclusion" of his predecessors. Because this' retreat' emotion expressed in Su Shi's poems is not only a retreat from politics, but also a retreat from society. "What he pursues is not the external" body "retirement, but the internal" mind "retirement; The place he yearns for is not his hometown Meizhou, but a spiritual home to release his complex soul.