1, Albert. Einstein (1March 87914-1April 955 18) was born in Ulm, Wü rttemberg, Germany, and graduated from Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich as a Jewish physicist.
Einstein was born in a Jewish family in Ulm, Germany on 1879. 1900 graduated from the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and became a Swiss citizen. 1905 received a doctorate from the University of Zurich. Einstein put forward the photon hypothesis and successfully explained the photoelectric effect. So he won the Nobel Prize in physics at 192 1 and founded the special theory of relativity at 1905. General relativity was founded in 19 15. 1April 1955 18 died at the age of 76.
2. galileo galilei (Galileo,1February 56415-16421October 8). Italian mathematician, physicist, astronomer and pioneer of scientific revolution. Galileo invented the pendulum needle and thermometer, which made great contributions to mankind in science and was one of the founders of modern experimental science.
In history, he first integrated mathematics, physics and astronomy on the basis of scientific experiments, expanding, deepening and changing human understanding of material movement and the universe. Galileo summed up the law of free fall, the law of inertia and Galileo's theory of relativity from experiments.
3. Thomas Alva Edison (1February 84711-1931October 18) was born in Milan, Ohio, and died in West Orange, New Jersey, USA. Inventors and entrepreneurs. ?
Edison was the first person in human history to make use of a large number of production principles and electrical engineering research laboratories to patent inventions, which had a far-reaching impact on the world. His invention of the phonograph, movie camera and electric light had a great influence on the world. He had more than 2,000 inventions and 1000 patents in his life. Edison was named the ninth among 100 people who influenced the United States by the authoritative American periodical Atlantic Monthly.
4. Sir isaac newton (1643 65438+1October 4th-1727 March 3rd1), chairman of the Royal Society, a famous British physicist, is an encyclopedic "all-rounder" and author of Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and Optics.
He described gravity and three laws of motion in the paper "Laws of Nature" published by 1687. These descriptions laid the scientific view of the physical world in the next three centuries and became the basis of modern engineering. By demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's law of planetary motion and his theory of gravity, he showed that the movements of ground objects and celestial bodies all follow the same natural law; It provides strong theoretical support for the sun-centered theory and promotes the scientific revolution.
5. Benjamin Franklin (170665438+1October17-1790 April17) (also translated by Benjamin Franklin and Ben Ming Jie Franklin) was born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
He is also a publisher, printer, journalist, writer and philanthropist. He is also an outstanding diplomat and inventor. He was one of the important leaders of the American War of Independence, participated in drafting many important documents, and served as the American ambassador to France, which successfully won France's support for American independence. Benjamin Franklin did many electrical experiments, invented the lightning rod, and was the first to put forward the law of conservation of charge. He also invented bifocal glasses, frog shoes and so on.