Case report, also known as case report, is a medical paper that reports rare clinical cases or newly discovered cases. Reported cases are often rare, special or newly discovered cases that are not clear in clinic. Therefore, case reports are of certain significance for understanding rare clinical diseases, discovering and mastering the particularity in the process of disease diagnosis and treatment, and providing clinical data for further study of such diseases. When writing a case report, we should grasp the characteristics of the reported cases and find out the particularity of the cases in clinical symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, so as to further understand and study the disease.
A case report can be a single case or a group of cases. A relatively complete writing format is generally divided into: ① preface; ② Case report; 3 discussion; 4 summary; ⑤ References and other five parts, of which case report and discussion are the main parts of the paper, and other parts can be omitted as appropriate.
Generally speaking, it is short, so it is necessary to briefly explain whether there are reports of similar cases, the difficulties and significance in diagnosis and treatment, the harm and prognosis of the disease and the particularity of the disease. Some reports can be without foreword, and the case report can be the beginning.
Case report: it is the main body of the paper, and the clinical data should be as detailed as possible. This part, like the summary of clinical records, should generally include: ① general information, such as name, gender, age, hospitalization number, etc. To show the authenticity of the data. When published in magazines, names and hospitalization numbers are usually omitted; ② Past history and family history related to diseases; ③ Important and special clinical symptoms, signs, auxiliary examination results, course of disease, date of hospitalization or medical treatment, etc. ④ Evolution and treatment of diseases; ⑤ Treatment results and prognosis. It should be noted that when writing this part, the original data of medical records should not be copied, but the characteristics, course of disease, treatment and auxiliary examination of the cases should be refined to reflect the particularity of the cases. For single or less cases, it can be written according to the above contents; For more or a group of cases, you should summarize the cases according to the above contents before writing, or you can list the above contents.
Discussion: It is an indispensable part of the paper, and the content of discussion varies according to the content of reported cases. Can discuss the particularity of the case and the purpose of the report; On the basis of reviewing relevant literature, we can also put forward our own opinions and analyze and summarize the experience and lessons in diagnosis and treatment by comparing previous reports. It can also analyze the harm and prognosis of the disease; Theoretically, it can also be discussed. In short, the content of the discussion should be based on the content of the reported case and the purpose of the author's report.
Summary: Summary is the summary of the purpose and content of the case report. At present, most reports write this part into the discussion part, and magazines often omit it.
References: Because most of the case reports are rare or newly discovered diseases, there are relatively few references, and some even do not exist, so most magazines omit this part. However, when publishing such papers at academic conferences, references should not be omitted.