Summary of securities industry:
I. Work
I read all kinds of reports about Shen Yin Wanguo, Guotai Junan and Guo Jin every day. Read the morning paper before opening in the morning, analyze the general trend of the day before, and read the newspaper from macro to industry to individual stocks. After the opening, continue to read reports, get in touch with mobile news (SSE, CSI, Financial Times), understand basic knowledge and discuss problems. After that, ask questions and listen to explanations. Last Friday, I listened to a lecture by an analyst in Shen Yin on insurance, banking, real estate and investment strategies.
Two. Knowledge summary
1, primary market operation
The recent IPO restart has taught me some basic knowledge. For example, IPO will be issued online and offline. Institutional and individual investors can purchase online and offline. This year, due to national policies, more institutional investors withdrew from the Internet. According to the regulations, it takes three months for the successful bidder to hold the opponent's shares for trading. At that time, some shares were already traded in the secondary market, and offline subscription needed reasonable strategies to benefit. Before the stock goes public, there are corresponding departments to estimate the future EPS, PE and PB of the company, such as using analogy method, and then make reasonable prices and estimate the purchase quantity, and enter the inquiry process. If you win the bid, you can remit money. In the past, investors were sure to make a profit by buying new shares. Now, some companies will lose money on new shares because of improper strategies.
In addition, the state restricted the sale of the company's shares in the early stage of the market. In order to protect the interests of investors, the state lifted the ban in stages, limited the number of each lifting, and compensated the existing circulating shareholders. Because if the one-time lifting of the ban is too large, enterprises will arbitrage too much from the circulation market, which is my understanding of restricted shares.
2. Secondary market operation
China's stock market is still in its infancy, and its participants include various individuals and institutions, including professionals, laymen and bookmakers. Investment needs to pay attention to economic PE, EPS, personal psychology and other factors. I know the trading volume, market index, opening price, closing price, highest price, lowest price and so on.
Long-term value investment
Institutional investment managers are the mainstream of long-term investment. They pay more attention to the future development prospects and investment psychology of enterprises in the macroeconomic industry, and obtain stable target growth prices from various factors.
First look at the big economic environment. Specifically, this year's economy has entered a recovery period after experiencing the previous prosperity and recession (related to the national 4 trillion investment-driven project). The biggest macroeconomic indicator is GDP, which consists of investment, consumption and net exports. China's economic growth forecast for the second half of the year is above 8%. In addition, we need to pay attention to CPI, M0, M 1 and other important indicators. Under the government's loose policy this year, the liquidity of funds is abundant, and everyone will invest their deposits in order to obtain investment income higher than deposit interest. In addition, 7 trillion new loans in the first half of the year supported financial investment (stocks, bonds, etc.). ) and physical investment (real estate, etc.). ) and bank performance. In addition, the ability of consumers has improved, the consumer confidence index has also risen, prices have risen, demand has slowly picked up, and corporate profits have increased. In addition, China's stock market is related to foreign markets. When foreign markets are bad, China will adjust to keep pace with the world, and Hong Kong stocks are the most closely related. For enterprises with more export business, it will be negatively affected by the economic recovery difficulties of importing countries such as the United States and Europe, which will further affect the performance of enterprises. In addition, the inflow of overseas funds into China's capital and physical markets will also have an impact. Blue-chip stocks are the main force affecting the broader market, and leading stocks in industries closely related to macroeconomics can have better investment opportunities.
Second, pay attention to the industry. Macroeconomics can directly judge the industries that are bound to rise, such as banks, real estate, insurance, automobiles and so on. However, if the market trend is overheated, the valuation is low and the growth rate is low, and it has bottomed out in the last quarter, the sectors (steel and aluminum) that will rebound this quarter also deserve special attention. Microscopic effects can not be ignored. For example, regardless of the economy, people need to see a doctor and take medicine, so the total profit of the pharmaceutical industry can keep growing; In the second half of the year, various festivals were frequent, which affected the growing demand for high-grade liquor; The hot weather in summer will affect the sales of air conditioners, refrigerators and washing machines. Therefore, securities companies have various analysts to conduct professional research and analysis on the same stock in the industry. Industries are related, for example, the sharp increase in automobile production has led to a sharp increase in the steel industry. Focus on sectors with lagging growth in the previous period and strong industry recovery expectations. In recent days, driven by banks, real estate, large-cap stocks and other heavyweights, the industry sector has turned red; The adjustment of the market, the secondary concern is the stagflation in the past, such as food, liquor and other consumer categories, which will make up for the increase.
Finally, specific to the company and individual stocks. Investors should analyze the background and basic quality of the company (from studying and studying the reports of other companies) and make a reasonable judgment on the P/E ratio. It is necessary to forecast and analyze the increase and decrease of enterprise product profit (price, output and cost) and future demand. In addition, the news of company reorganization, merger and financing has a positive impact on the company in the short term, while the long-term impact requires in-depth research on company operations. Therefore, in the individual stock investment report, the author mentioned four aspects: key assumptions, valuation and investment rating, risks of core assumptions, and catalysts for stock price rise. For example, comparing insurance stocks, we will analyze the investment situation of insurance companies from their premiums and insurance quantity. For example, China Ping An invests in most blue-chip stocks, which has great income potential and is supported by preferential pension policies or license issuance. Another example is real estate, which needs to consider factors such as house price, transaction volume, government credit and land reserve. Use this report to select individual stocks. You can choose a company (such as Huayu Automobile) that has the potential for compensatory growth, low relative growth, poor market performance, low P/E ratio and stable and clear performance growth.
cigarette end
For short-term investors, the release of good news will generally lead to a rapid rise in the price of a stock in a short period of time, and it will basically fall in the later part of the day. Because the market follows the principle of buying low and selling high, it is difficult to predict when to invest and at what price, which is highly speculative. However, it is still possible to study the trend of the K-line in the short term and pay special attention to a certain concept stock, even if the company is not profitable in the short term (for example, Rheinland Bio, in the special period of swine flu or Siwei Holdings, recently bought in the K-line chart, and the frequency of the rising cycle is greater than the falling cycle). But short-term investment risks are high.
Stock trading is easy to follow the trend, and the market is not completely standardized. Some rich people deliberately manipulate a small stock and buy almost all the stocks at a very low price to open positions. Therefore, there has been a phenomenon that the K-line chart only rises and does not fall for a long time. Then some people misjudge and buy when it goes up, so it is easy for the dealer to illegally earn the difference. The state will crack down on this kind of behavior. If it finds conclusive evidence, it will file a lawsuit.
3. Investment skills.
Because the stock price fluctuates greatly and has timeliness, it is generally difficult to judge how to judge the lowest cost. There are two ways to share the low cost and get the maximum benefit. You can invest in stages, buy at points that you think are valuable, and then buy some more when the stock price falls. When the stock price is lower than the initial price, the purchased part can make the average cost lower, thus reducing the risk of putting all your eggs in one basket. Another similarity is rational allocation, not a single investment. Distribution.
Understand the importance of sharing resources and teamwork. A person can improve efficiency because of cooperation, especially for a company. If a company buys reports from other companies and synthesizes some of its own analysis reports, it can make investment suggestions and plans more reliable and increase the chances of success. Investment managers often contact researchers or other professionals to get more information, so as to make reasonable choices and rational judgments on source information through experience.
Three. feeling
Because of short time, limited study, lack of experience and difficult to digest knowledge, we can only passively track the market. By understanding the factors that often affect the market and individual stocks to judge the ups and downs of the market and individual stocks, we need to continue to learn in the future. Knowing that book knowledge is only a brief introduction, with little practical connection and low application value, the financial industry needs a keen mind, more understanding of relevant knowledge, accumulation of experience, repeated study and reflection. Investment has a lot to do with economy, mathematics, financial psychology and so on, which can't be mastered in a short time. And investment practitioners should also be open-minded and have the ability to predict, so as to successfully invest.
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Summary of securities industry:
In a blink of an eye, there is only a short year left in college life, and it is about to enter the society. In order to consolidate and enrich the professional knowledge learned, I have a deeper understanding and contact with the human resource management mode and management status of state-owned enterprises and institutions, and have exercised and improved my ability to solve practical problems with theoretical knowledge. In February 2000, I went to Chongqing Daping Sales Department of Everbright Securities Company for a two-month graduation internship. It can not only lay a theoretical foundation for further study of human resources professional knowledge and graduation thesis, but also increase one's perceptual knowledge and accumulate social experience. My internship tutor is the deputy general manager of the sales department and also in charge of the human resources department. She is a very dedicated person. On the first day of internship, she gave me a very serious overview of the company and related discipline requirements, and also gave me a lot of advice and guidance. Because my major is human resource management, I have no relevant work experience. Instead of letting me contact the management at the beginning, let me start at the grassroots level. Go to each post for internship in person, and experience, understand and analyze the job responsibilities and various psychological qualities and skills required by each post in detail. This can help me to understand the company's related operational processes more quickly and master how to do first-hand consultation on management. The Daping Business Department of Everbright Securities, where I work, belongs to Everbright Securities Co., Ltd., and its main business is issuing and acting as an agent to issue all kinds of securities, buying and selling all kinds of securities by myself and acting as an agent, custody, authentication and transfer of securities, and investment consulting of fund and asset management business. Therefore, it involves a lot of professional financial securities investment management knowledge, which is relatively strange to me.
Therefore, I was first sent to the front desk to be a receptionist, familiar with the working environment and learning simple knowledge of securities and stocks. The job of reception at the front desk is very simple, that is, to receive customers who come to open an account, change or close an account, and occasionally help with running errands, printing documents, sorting out information and so on. These are trivial matters, but we should not take them lightly. If there is an error in customer data input, it will bring great inconvenience and loss to the company and customers. Simple and tedious work needs more patience and care. Moreover, the customer's data entry and change procedures are carried out through the operation of modern office hardware such as computers and scanners. A direct inspection of my computer operation ability also made me realize that it is very necessary for managers to master the operation of related office software and hardware in addition to professional knowledge and skills. I stayed at the front desk for about a week. After having a basic understanding of some basic operations of entrusted stock trading and how to observe the stock trend and the market trend, I was transferred to the comprehensive counter to learn the detailed business of entrusted agent account opening procedures for securities trading. The business of the comprehensive counter is very busy, and almost all securities business is accepted here. Moreover, the counter is also the forefront of contact with investors. While helping them with their business, they should also answer their related inquiries. "The stock market is risky and needs to be cautious when entering the market." In this job, you can not only see the excitement and joy of making money by stock trading, but also see their helplessness and frustration after being quilted. So I had the opportunity to meet all kinds of people, and I learned a lot in the process. What I feel most is that I have exercised my communication skills with customers.
I found that most investors who come to the lobby of the sales department to speculate in stocks are elderly people. They can't think as fast as young people, so they must have a lot of patience and smile to these customers. Speak slowly and explain carefully until they understand. Occasionally we will meet some unreasonable customers, so we can't complain because of their irrationality, but need our patience to solve their problems. "There is a problem, just losing your temper is not the solution. Only by doing it slowly and speaking slowly can you solve your problem. " This is the best solution for a few customers who lose their temper. These principles and experiences can only be accumulated in practical work. During my several weeks at the comprehensive counter, I have to do a lot of work every day, guiding customers to fill out forms, answering relevant inquiries, sorting out information and so on. It's all very small things, but it's very tiring and hard to do well, which requires you to have high efficiency and serious work attitude. Fortunately, I met my good predecessors and colleagues, and they will give me detailed answers and help if there are any questions I don't understand at work. It not only taught me a lot of professional knowledge about securities, but also taught me some principles of being a man and attitudes at work. Then study and practice in the office and computer room, and experience the tasks and responsibilities of these positions. I think my biggest gain in the office is to learn some office skills and telemarketing, and to exercise my will. Although quality education is being implemented now, students' practical ability is very poor. Many college students can't send and receive faxes, and they can't use photocopiers and printers. I just learned it here. If I don't start studying until I get to work, I think it's too late. It's better to study now.
As for telemarketing, I have little contact with it, which really taught me a great lesson. I used to know that communication between people is not easy, so is face-to-face communication, not to mention telephone, because if your language is not attractive enough, the other party may hang up at any time and end your communication. Therefore, how to attract customers' investment by telephone is really a university question. In our account manager, I learned how to "strike up a conversation" with some companies I have never been in contact with, how to speak without being rejected by them, and also learned some communication skills. Of course, in this process, we will often meet some impatient customers, and often hang up after only saying two sentences, but it is precisely because of this that I have exercised my patience and will, improved my self-cultivation and made myself less impetuous in my future work. Of course, I still have a lot to learn about the understanding and mastery of telemarketing skills. My present communication skill level is far from the standard of account manager, but I have taken the first step, and I believe I will make continuous progress in the future and will not shrink back when I encounter difficulties. "In school, any kind of knowledge learned is a useful reserve. After working in the computer room, I feel that what the human resources teacher said is true. Working in the computer room, excellent computer professional knowledge is a must. From program maintenance to computer hardware maintenance, door-to-door work must be solid to do this job well. Although I study human resource management, computer major is not my strong point. But because I have learned relevant computer knowledge and operation skills at school, I still play a great role here.
So, although it seems that many things I have learned are always far away from my major, they may appear at some point and help my work. I have gained a lot from my short graduation internship, which is very helpful for my further study and lays a solid foundation for further social development in the future. In these two months, I feel that time flies so fast for the first time, and I feel that my life is so full for the first time. Accustomed to getting up at seven in the morning, catching the bus and going to work, I gradually began to like this nine-to-five life. I am very grateful to the leaders of Chongqing Daping Business Department of Everbright Securities Company for giving me this opportunity to experience and have an experience of understanding society in practice, broaden my horizons in my study and increase my knowledge in my progress. At the same time, I am very grateful to my predecessors and colleagues who have helped me. Most of the experience and knowledge I learned during this period came from their teaching. It was their merciless teaching that made me learn so much. It also made me deeply understand that it is very important to maintain a good relationship with colleagues at work. For a person who is about to enter the society, there are many things to learn and he is the best teacher. In the future, I will study and work harder with the valuable experience I have learned. Some people say that success belongs to those who are prepared, others say that success belongs to those who are diligent, and I think success belongs to those who are prepared. Win a promising career for yourself through hard work and struggle.
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Summary of securities practice Fan Wensan:
In July this year, I came to Guanghua Village Street Sales Department of Changjiang River to start a two-month internship. At the end of August, I will leave here and embark on a new journey, with gains and some regrets. No matter what the road ahead is, I know that the experience and lessons I have gained during my internship will be kept in mind and I will always be alert to myself, which will be of great benefit to my future study, work and life.
Before I came here for an internship, I told myself: Internship is not only a study, but also a job. I always remind myself to practice here. I'm not just a student, I have no work experience, and I don't know much business knowledge. I should learn from my colleagues with an open mind At the same time, I am also a staff member. I want to be strict with myself as a regular employee, keep a positive and good attitude, take my daily work seriously and try my best to finish it. The following is my two-month internship experience.
When I first arrived in the sales department, I was infected by this kind and friendly atmosphere, especially in the first two weeks of internship training. In the first two weeks of internship training, we can say that we have new insights every day. Under the leadership of Gong Jie, the training has different contents every day. After a week, many experienced colleagues from the company came to explain a lot to us. Thank you, General Manager Gong, Sister Su, Sister Xiang, Sister Qi and other colleagues who gave us training. Through your training and guidance, we have a preliminary and systematic understanding of the securities industry, as well as some knowledge of etiquette and marketing. It suddenly occurred to me that the Greek philosopher Zhi Nuo once compared knowledge to a circle, in which you know and outside which you don't know. The more a person knows, the bigger his circle is, and the more unknowns his circle contacts. Therefore, the more you know, the more you know and don't know. "The knowledge that people master is a circle, and outside the circle is the unknown world. The more knowledge you have, the more unknown you are exposed to-the more confused you are. The more knowledge you learn, the more you feel ignorant. " After two weeks of training, I found that I knew little about securities before, but I needed to learn other knowledge about etiquette and marketing, which was my ignorance. Thanks to this training, I realized this. Only by knowing what your shortcomings are can you improve yourself in a targeted way. At the same time, regarding this training, I think it is of great significance for both new employees and interns. It also makes us feel that the sales department attaches importance to this aspect and cannot slack off more and more.
As soon as the two-week internship training was over, we were assigned to different teams and started the internship for the next month and a half under the leadership of their team leader. For myself, to sum up, during this period, I basically learned about the business of customers opening accounts and transferring money through a week's internship in the front desk hall, which laid the foundation for me to market customers in the future; At the same time, due to the needs of the actual situation, I also informed customers to handle related business and market customers by telephone interview; Develop customers by combining marketing customers in the community and staying in the bank. Because I'm a non-native, most of my contacts are students, and resources are scarce. During the period, I encountered all kinds of difficulties, which was also a great test for myself. Fortunately, I overcame them one by one. Although my marketing performance is not ideal, I didn't develop a customer, but I asked myself to be conscientious in my work and didn't appear lazy. I also work hard, so I have nothing to complain about, but I also have a little regret.
Through the two-month internship, I also learned a lot of experiences and lessons that I couldn't learn in school. I am constantly self-motivated and keep enthusiastic and positive in my daily work. This mentality makes me feel a sense of accomplishment in my work, sum up in time, and constantly improve my level of account manager.
During this time, I summed up my work. Subjectively, I was responsible for completing the assigned tasks. Because our team's bank station was not arranged, I didn't arrange it after I went to the bank for a day. In this case, I can take the initiative to study in the sales hall and understand the trading business. I also came to help when the business department held an investment briefing on weekends, which was also a kind of exercise for myself.
Of course, my internship during this period also has some good points, and I also find that I still have many bad points to improve: 1, the problem of role transformation. Although I remind myself from time to time to be strict with myself as a formal employee, in actual work, many places still show the breath of students, and my thoughts have not changed, which leads to a lot of troubles in my work. One of the interns who came in with us probably didn't grasp it well and made a mistake, which led to his resignation in the middle of the internship. Unfortunately, it also sounded the alarm for us. Maybe at school, someone can forgive you for what you did wrong and make up for it, but this is working in a company. Once you make a mistake, you may not have a chance.
2. Proactive and needed by others. I vaguely remember that when I took the initiative to go to the hall for internship, there were really not many things. What I can do is to help me copy the following information, help my customers fill in some information that can be filled in on their behalf, and guide them how to fill in this information. I also helped the first file bag and other trivial things, but in this way, I can learn a lot. By the end of the month, they will sort out some new application materials and send them to the headquarters. When I was resting, Sister Tang Jing asked me for help. Although small, I am still very happy. I can help them and become the people that others need. This is the value of my internship here.
In a bank, you are a bank clerk. Going to the bank is actually a marketing channel. Take the initiative, treat yourself as a bank employee and get familiar with banking business as soon as possible. Only in this way can you have more contact with customers and have a better chance to develop potential customers. At the same time, don't care too much about gains and losses. It is good to do more work and get on well with the bank account manager. They have resources there. You do more things for him, and he will naturally give you convenience. At this point, due to the short time, I was not particularly good at this aspect when I was stationed myself, and my business knowledge was not particularly familiar, so it was very difficult to communicate with customers, which led to my poor marketing performance for various reasons.
4. Play by the rules. Why do you say that? It is because of my understanding of the salary distribution in the first month that the salaries of our interns are very different. I really didn't know what happened to my salary at first, and I didn't know where I was detained until I asked. I have always said that my internship experience here is the most important. I cherish the internship opportunities given to me by the sales department, and the salary is second. I say this because I didn't handle it well. If I had mastered the rules and regulations of the sales department, I wouldn't have made such a mistake and deducted my salary. Of course, this is also the reason why I asked about the salary calculation rules later, in order to avoid making the same mistake again next month.
5. Speak with actions. I still remember that before I went outside to do the market, I had a lot of worries, fearing that I was unfamiliar with this and that I could not do it well. I was worried and confused. I boldly went out under the guidance of my sister, only to find that my previous worries were superfluous. I never know what will happen if I just want to do or don't want to do it. Although I did encounter many problems in the actual marketing process, I came back every day and made it clear by asking.
For this sales department, I have stayed here for so long, and I still have some feelings. The atmosphere here is very good. No matter how old they are, the cleaning aunts here are very kind and friendly, and the feelings between colleagues are also very good, like brothers and sisters, making them feel at home. I think this is the culture of our sales department, which connects the whole team closely. Gong Jie is the first person I met here. I am very grateful to her for giving me this internship opportunity. During the internship training, she also explained a lot of knowledge to us, and I was very inspired. At the same time, I was very touched. She gave us tolerance when our interns made mistakes. I still remember what she said to me when I went to her office to find her because of a classmate's business and told her I was sorry. I am very touched because I am. And sister Xiang, she is the leader of my internship group. Everyone calls her Xiang Ma, which shows her position in the eyes of colleagues. I insist on calling her sister because I feel younger. Hehe ~ ~ The first time I met her was when we were training. She gave us a lecture. I was infected by her enthusiasm. Her experience, her persistence in the securities industry, and her present position all deeply touched and inspired me, and then I was led away by her. What problems I encountered may be small to Sister Xiang, but she patiently explained them to me, which moved me very much. Gong has always been the leader of our sales department. He is very close to everyone. When we first came to the internship training, he came to talk to us newcomers. He is very kind and has no leadership. In an exchange with my colleagues, I mentioned that a colleague once met Mr. Gong in the bank, and Mr. Gong also greeted her to go to the internship. At that time, we were very moved to have such a leader who was close to the people. The business department has been reforming recently, and Sister Su has played a decisive role as a leader. Although there may be a period of adjustment in a short time, in the long run, it will be of great benefit to individuals, teams and the whole business department. I admire Sister Su for her courage, beauty and leadership. Many other colleagues are very good here. They are willing to tell us any questions I ask them, and they have never been rejected. It's really good to work in such an atmosphere.
The above is my internship experience during this period. I really feel a lot. With gains and some regrets, I will move on. Be practical and do things seriously.
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