Format of conference papers
1. Title: Be concise, clear and general, with no more than 20 words.
2. Abstract: It should be highly summarized, and the language should be concise and clear. The Chinese abstract is about 100-200 words;
3. Keywords: Choose 3 ~ 5 words that can best express the main content from the title or text of the paper as keywords.
4. Contents: Write the contents and indicate the page numbers.
5. Text:
The number of words in the main body of the paper should generally be more than 3000 words.
The main body of the paper includes three parts: preface, theory and conclusion.
The preface is the first part of the paper, which mainly explains the purpose, practical significance and understanding of the research problems, and puts forward the central argument of the paper. The preface should be concise, not too long.
This paper is the main body of the paper, including research contents and methods, experimental materials, experimental results and analysis (discussion). In this part, we should use various research methods and experimental results to analyze problems, demonstrate opinions and try our best to reflect our scientific research ability and academic level.
The conclusion is the conclusion part of the paper, which is made around this theory. Its basic point is to summarize the full text and deepen the meaning of the problem.
6. Thank you: Briefly describe my experience in writing my thesis, and express my gratitude to the instructor and the relevant personnel who assisted in completing the thesis.
7. References: The monographs, papers and other materials cited in the paper should be listed at the end of the paper, and the listed references should be arranged in the order of references or citations.
8. Notes: In the process of writing the thesis, some problems need to be elaborated and explained outside the text.
9. Appendix: Some contents that are not suitable for the text but have reference value can be incorporated into the appendix.
A model essay on the meeting.
Development of Video Conference Technology
Starting from the composition of video conference system, this paper introduces the protocol standard, coding and decoding standard and network technology of video conference, and briefly analyzes the development prospect of video conference technology.
Video conference system; Video conference technology; development trends
China Library Classification Number TN9 1 Document Identification Number A1674-6708 (2012) 68-0184-02.
Video conference is a virtual conference held between two or more places through television and communication network. It transmits images and sounds through various devices to achieve the purpose of communication, and can also express opinions through the whiteboard. At the same time, you can also observe the expressions, actions and images of the participants, which is almost equivalent to the on-site meeting in terms of meeting effect. Video conference adapts to the convenience and rapidity of the information age, and supports the information sharing and communication between people in a long distance. More and more companies, enterprises and government departments began to apply video conferencing technology.
1 composition of video conference system
Video conference system is mainly composed of terminal equipment, transmission equipment, node switching equipment and auxiliary spare parts. 1) terminal equipment. Terminal equipment mainly completes the task of signal sending and receiving. It combines various signals such as information, audio and video into a data stream after processing, and then converts the data stream into a signal format so that it can be transmitted. Terminal equipment mainly includes TV, microphone, control switching equipment, image processing equipment, codec, modem, etc. 2) transmission equipment. Transmission equipment is a channel for transmitting voice signals and image signals processed by terminal equipment, mainly including digital microwave, satellite, cable, ISDN network, optical cable, DDN dedicated line and other channels; 3) Node switching equipment. The node switching equipment is also a multipoint control unit. When many parties hold a video conference together, it is necessary to use node switching equipment to convert the information, audio, video and other signals sent by terminal equipment into the same signal format and then distribute them. Node switching equipment is like a switch, which separates the information flow from each venue synchronously, extracts information, audio, video and other data to complete the exchange or mixing, and finally reassembles the information needed by each venue and sends it to the terminal equipment of the corresponding venue; 4) Relevant accessory spare parts. Include computer monitors, projectors, whiteboards, video recorders, projectors, etc.
2 the development of video conferencing technology
2. 1 protocol standard
With the strong market demand of video conference system, more and more enterprises are engaged in production and research in this field. In order to effectively solve the interoperability problem between products produced by different manufacturers, the National Telecommunication Union began to formulate a global unified video conference standard in the 1990s. The main standards are H.320 protocol for ISDN, H.323 protocol for LAN desktop, H.324 protocol for telephone network, H.3 10 protocol for B-ISDN and ATM network, and video codec standards H.26 1, H.264+ and G.77/kloc-0. Now, H.323 is the most widely used protocol standard in the world.
2.2 Coding and decoding technology
In the transmission of various signals, the transmission of video signals takes up more bandwidth, and coding and decoding technology is the key link to reduce bandwidth. At present, there are two main standards for video coding and decoding, one is MPEG series formulated by the International Organization for Standardization, and the other is H.26X series formulated by the International Telecommunication Union. The MPEG series mainly includes MPEG- 1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4. H.26X series mainly includes H.26 1, H.263 and H.263+. H.264 introduced by ITU in 2005 has been widely used in video coding and decoding technology because of its low bit rate, especially the data compression ratio as high as 102: 1. At present, H.265 is also in the research and development stage, and its compression ratio is even higher than H.264 1 times, which has no obvious influence on the calculation of encoding and decoding process. With the continuous development of technology, people are also integrating computer vision, graphic image recognition and understanding technology into compression coding algorithm. These new algorithms and theories constantly promote the progress and perfection of information processing technology, thus promoting the development of video conference technology.
2.3 Network technology
At present, ATM network, IP technology and broadband intelligent network have been widely used. 1) From the development trend of network technology, the application of IP technology has become a new development trend. IP technology is the development trend of multimedia network, especially IPV6 technology further increases the address space of IP, which has the functions of dynamically allocating network addresses and supporting real-time services, and greatly increases the security factor of IP layer. 2) Broadband intelligent network breaks through the limitations of ATM network and has some functions that ATM network does not have, realizing the goal of separating service control from information transmission, and the system has good expansibility and compatibility; 3)ATM has the advantages of connection-oriented, small delay, large throughput and high port rate. , fully meet the needs of multimedia communication. However, the equipment cost is relatively high, and it is also limited by ATM network. If there is no ATM network, it can't be used. Therefore, the specific choice of which network technology to hold a video conference should be comprehensively considered from the aspects of work efficiency, management level and management cost.
3 video conference development trend
3. 1 HD video
Due to the timeliness and reliability of interactive multimedia video conferencing technology and the continuous improvement of the quality and quantity of transmission carriers, audio and video transmission will be more real and clear. At the same time, the diversity of access methods can be compatible with all kinds of terminals produced by different rates, standards and manufacturers. Multimedia video conference technology has many advantages and broad market prospects.
3.2 Cloud Video Conference
The application of cloud computing technology, cloud video conference has high-definition audio and high-definition video, and data can be transmitted synchronously to realize collaborative operation; As long as there are networks and terminals, it can support more than 10 thousand people or even hundreds of thousands of people to hold meetings at the same time. Although cloud video conferencing has many advantages, its stable performance hinders its development. Therefore, products with high safety factor, simple use and strong stability are the focus of manufacturers' research, rather than developing more functions.
3.3 Triple play
Triple play refers to the integration of Internet, radio and television networks and telecommunication networks, which will make it a unified, mutually compatible and interpenetrating information and communication network, which means that video conferencing will no longer be limited by bandwidth and realize low-cost and high-data traffic. The triple play also unifies the mobile phone screen, computer screen and TV screen, so that the meeting place is no longer limited to the conference room.
4 conclusion
In recent years, video conferencing technology has developed rapidly and matured day by day. The quality of audio and video transmission has been greatly improved, and the security and stability have also made great progress. With the application of cloud computer and the integration of three networks, it has played a role in fueling the development of video conferencing. This can be seen. The development prospect of video conference technology is full of hope, which will gradually develop in the direction of intensification and simplification, and will be closer to the mass market.
refer to
[1] Ni Qizhi, Wen Li, Miao Jun. SRIO teamed up with DSP array to create a perfect video conference system [J]. Information System Engineering, 2008(9).
[2]__ steel. Ideas and methods of creating dimension array features in Pro/ENGINEER [J].CAD/CAM and Manufacturing Informatization, 2007( 1).
[3] "Point-to-Point" to "Multipoint"-a new application of desktop video conferencing technology [J]. China Computer Users, 2007(42).
[4] Wang Ling, Xu, Liao, Wang Jia. Research on the composition of video conferencing technology [J]. Journal of Hospital Management of PLA, 2009(2).
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